（新教材）2022版英语人教版一轮复习作业课件：课时作业 选择性必修　第三册　UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION .ppt

1、二十九 选择性必修 第三册 Unit 3Environmental Protection(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021温州模拟)Before the end of the year,employees at Ubiquitous Energy,a company in Redwood City,Calif,will gather in a window-lined conference room to stare toward the future.Thats because their new glass windows will offer more than an amazing

2、 view of the North California landscape.They will also be able to power the companys lights,computers and air conditioners.Several years in the making,Ubiquitous energy-producing glass is a remarkable technological achievement.Its power lies in the layers of organic polymers(聚合物)between sheets of gl

3、ass.As light enters the window,the flow of electrons between the polymer layers creates an electric current,which is then collected by tiny wires in the glass.“Its sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse(反过来),”says Veeral Hardev,director of business development at Ubiquitous Energ

4、y.“Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up,light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window.”Right now the windows produce about a third as much electricity from a given amount of sunlight as the typical solar cells u

5、sed in roof panels(板).These windows,about half as transparent as ordinary glass,dont work as well as transparent ones.Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly.As for the lower output of electricity,he notes that windows can cover a much greater surface area than a

6、roof,so numerous windows will produce a surprisingly larger amount of electricity than the production from a rooftop full of higher-efficiency solar panels.“You could do both.”says Hardev.“But youll get more from thewindows.The biggest challenge,”he adds,“is increasing the windows from less than two

7、 square feet currently to about 50 square feet.”【文章大意】本文介绍了一家公司研制出了与众不同的可以发电的新的玻璃窗。1.What makes the new glass windows special?A.They can offer an amazing view.B.They are controlled by computers.C.They can power the conference room.D.They can help stare toward the future.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的They will

8、 also be able to power the companys lights,computers and air conditioners.可知,它们还能够为公司的灯,计算机和空调供电。由此可知,新的玻璃窗与众不同的是它们可以为会议室供电。2.What is Hardev trying to explain in Paragraph 3?A.The source of light.B.The significance of different points.C.The similarity of computer and glass.D.The working principle of

9、 energy-producing glass.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段可知,“这有点像一台反向运行的透明电脑显示器,”Ubiquitous Energy的业务开发主管维洛拉哈德夫表示。他说:“不是把电传送到显示器的不同点来点亮它们,而是把产生的电从窗口的不同点传送出去。”由此可知,哈德夫在第三段中想要解释的是产生电能的新玻璃窗的工作原理。3.What can affect power production according to the passage?A.The transparency of the glass.B.The quality of the rooftop.C.

10、The height of the solar panels.D.The thickness of the glass.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的These windows,about half as transparent as ordinary glass,dont work as well as transparent ones.Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly.可知,这些窗户的透明度只有普通玻璃的一半,不如透明玻璃那么好用。哈德夫说,公司可能会大幅提高透明

11、度。由此可知,玻璃的透明度会影响发电量。4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Windows:A New Challenge of TechnologyB.Windows:No Longer Just for Letting in the LightC.Power:A Pressing Problem in the Near FutureD.Power:Not Enough from Rooftop Solar Panels【解析】选B。标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知,Ubiquitous Energy公

12、司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入屋内,它们还可以为公司的灯,计算机和空调供电。因此B项Windows:No Longer Just for Letting in the Light(窗户:不再只是为了让光线进来)符合文章内容,可以作为最佳标题。【知识拓展】词汇积累1.lie in在于2.as for 至于;关于3.electricityn.电4.less than少于难句翻译Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to light them up,light is producing el

13、ectricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window.翻译:不是把电传送到显示器的不同点来点亮它们,而是把产生的电从窗口的不同点传送出去。B(2021黄冈模拟)Last year saw one of the poorest salmon returns on record in North America.Yet,we are eating more fish than ever before.Aquaculture(水产养殖)production has tripled in the last two decades

14、to meet this need,and another historic move was made by the FDA earlier this year,when a company received the first ever nod to sell a genetically modified salmon,a bioengineered version of the Atlantic salmon.US-based AquaBounty,the firm which received the go-ahead,said it would begin stocking fish

15、 in supermarkets“as soon as possible”.The first commercial harvest is expected at the end of 2020.At the moment,Argentina,Brazil and China have also granted environmental approvals for genetically modified fish farming trials.This genetically modified salmon is actually a fish injected with the DNA

16、of two other edible fish.The long road to the current version of the GM fish began in the 1980s when a physiologist named Garth Fletcher read about the work being done to genetically modify mice and wondered whether it could apply to salmon.He understood that the fishs growth hormones are most activ

17、e in some seasons and considered changing this so that the hormones are always active.Cut to 2019,Fletchers GM fish is able to reach adult size in 16 to 18 months,compared with 30 months for natural Atlantic salmon,while consuming 25%less feed.In the United States,Atlantic salmon is endangered,so ca

18、tching it is heavily restricted.It is currently imported from Chile,Norway and Canada.If the production and sales of AquaBounty go as planned,this will all change.And simultaneously,the company claims that farming the fish in their land-based hatcheries will lower the transportation cost as well as

19、emissions associated with importing the fish as is currently done.This has not all been without stiff opposition,and protestors who have sent nearly 2 million comments to the FDA have had issues on three main fronts.Health risks,being the main one,as it has been with several other genetically modifi

20、ed foods in the past.The environmental group Earth Action says no one can predict what will happen when people start eating the fish over time.【文章大意】本文是说明文,介绍了生产和销售转基因鱼的公司状况以及人们对转基因鱼的看法。5.What can we learn about AquaBounty?A.It is a firm located in Argentina.B.It performs research into GM fish.C.It

21、deals with the production and sales of fish.D.It is the only firm allowed to produce GM fish.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的If the production and sales of AquaBounty go as planned,this will all change.(如果AquaBounty的生产和销售按计划进行,这一切都会改变)可知,AquaBounty是一家生产和销售转基因鱼的公司。C.It deals with the production and sales of fis

22、h.(它处理鱼的生产和销售)符合以上说法。6.One of the advantages of the GM salmon is that _.A.it has proved to have no health risksB.it costs 25%less than imported salmonC.it can meet peoples ever increasing needD.it grows faster than natural Atlantic salmon【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的Cut to 2019,Fletchers GM fish is able to re

23、ach adult size in 16 to 18 months,compared with 30 months for natural Atlantic salmon,while consuming 25%less feed.(2019年,弗莱彻的转基因鱼可以在1618个月内长到成年大小,而天然大西洋鲑鱼则需要30个月,同时消耗的饲料也少了25%)可知,转基因鱼的一个优势是比大西洋鲑鱼长得快。D.it grows faster than natural Atlantic salmon(它比大西洋鲑鱼长得快)符合以上说法。7.Protestors against GM salmon worr

24、y that _.A.fish markets will be seriously disturbedB.GM food has potential health problemsC.GM salmon may not be up to the standardD.the environmental group Earth Action will not be satisfied【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的Health risks,being the main one,as it has been with several other genetically modified fo

25、ods in the past.(健康风险是主要原因,就像过去其他几种转基因食品一样)可知,抗议者们担心转基因食品存在健康风险。B.GM food has potential health problems(转基因食品有潜在的健康问题)符合以上说法。8.The underlined word“This”in the last paragraph probably refers to _.A.the nod to sell a GM salmonB.the lower cost of GM salmonC.the prediction about what will happenD.the im

26、port of salmon from Chile,Norway and Canada【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段的a company received the first ever nod to sell a genetically modified salmon(一个公司首次得到销售转基因鲑鱼的许可)和画线部分所在句子This has not all been without stiff opposition(这并非没有强烈的反对意见)可推测,this指代是“同意销售转基因鲑鱼”。A.the nod to sell a GM salmon(同意销售转基因鲑鱼)符合以上说法。【知识拓

27、展】词汇积累1.see看见;见证2.on record 记录在案的;公开发表的3.genetically modified 转基因4.US-based 基地在美国的5.the current version 目前的版本长难句分析This has not all been without stiff opposition,and protestors who have sent nearly 2 million comments to the FDA have had issues on three main fronts.分析:who have sent nearly 2 million co

28、mments to the FDA引导定语从句修饰protestors翻译:这并不是没有强烈的反对意见,已经向美国食品及药物管理局发了差不多两百万评论的抗议者给出了三个主要方面的问题。.阅读填句(2021上海模拟)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the tw

29、o sides of same coin.1Like the child on the diving board,you will stay undecided.2More than that,how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal?First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values,your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.Only then should you set your goals.You

30、 also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work.3So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forwar

31、d.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible.4They also need to be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are e

32、qually important.For example,you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough.5You should reassess your goals,and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties,some planned,but most unplanned.You cannot overcome them w

33、ithout ample motivation.Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A.This can affect your work.B.So how should you motivate yourself?C.However,this should not discourage you.D.So why should we try to set specific goals?E.They can change according to circumstance

34、s.F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G.Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.【文章大意】作者通过文章主要向我们描述了动机和目标设定是同一硬币的两面,一定要好好把握。1.【解析】选G。根据前面的句子“动机和目标的设置是一个问题的两个方面”,和前面的实例:跳水板上的孩子由于缺少动机不能决定跳还是不跳。可知中间的句子会提到没有了动机会出现的结果。2.【解析】选B。根据More than that以及后面的问句“你应该如何保持动力来实现目标”可推知前

35、面应该是一个关于如何让你有动力这样的问题。3.【解析】选A。前面提到“你的心不在你的工作上”以及So后提出的解决方法,可推知中间应该提到前面问题带来的不好的影响这样的内容。4.【解析】选E。根据前面的句子“记住:目标是灵活的”可知它们是可以根据情况变化的。5.【解析】选C。前面提到“由于视力不好,原来的当飞行员的目标实现不了”这样的令人沮丧的情况,后面又提到重新评估你的目标,可推知中间一句应该提到前面的情况不应该影响你。.完形填空A trip to a banks ATM machine is usually a common affair.But for Jose Nunez Romaniz

36、,his 1on Sunday is one that he wont 2for the rest of his life.The 19-year-old college student was making a 3for Mothers Day online when he noticed his account balance(存款余额)was 4.So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money.Little did he know that he was about to make an incredible 5.When he arri

37、ved,Jose noticed a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash,which turned out to be$135,000.“When I first saw it,I was very 6,not knowing what to do,”Jose told the New York Times.After taking a moment to 7himself,Jose called the police.And the police soon discovered that the money had8been left beh

38、ind by a worker 9with refilling the ATM.Thinking that it is the biggest amount of money ever found and 10in Albuquerque history,the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony to honor Joses 11.And,perhaps best of all,the police chief invited Jose to 12a job as a public service aid for the department

39、 13his graduation.For Jose,it was the best gift for Mothers Day.“Mother called me 14she almost started crying excitedly.She told me I did the right thing and that she was 15of what I did,”said Jose.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一名19岁的大学生Jose Nunez Romaniz准备在银行存款时,无意中发现了一个装着很多现金的塑料袋,但他没有据为己有而是给警察打了电话。1.A.plan B.exp

40、eriment C.visit D.show【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:但对于Jose Nunez Romaniz来说,周日的银行之行是他永生难忘的经历。plan计划;experiment试验;visit拜访,逗留;show展示。根据前文A trip to a banks.可知,此处指的是Jose周日的银行之行。2.A.enjoy B.forget C.imagine D.face【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:但对于Jose Nunez Romaniz来说,周日的银行之行是他永生难忘的经历。enjoy欣赏;forget忘记;imagine想象;face面对。根据后文Jose存

41、款时的经历可知,Jose在存钱时意外捡到了一大笔钱,所以这成了他永远都不会忘记的经历。3.A.purchase B.survey C.wish D.decision【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位19岁的大学生正在网上为母亲节购物,这时他注意到自己的账户余额不足。purchase购买;survey调查表;wish希望;decision决定。根据后文for Mothers Day online可知Jose当时准备给妈妈买母亲节礼物。make a purchase表示“购物”。4.A.full B.clear C.inaccurate D.low【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这

42、位19岁的大学生正在网上为母亲节购物,这时他注意到自己的账户余额不足。full完全的;clear清楚的;inaccurate不准确的;low低的。根据后文So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money.可知Jose因为账户余额不足,买不了礼物,所以才去存钱的。5.A.offerB.promise C.profit D.discovery【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:他毫不知道他即将有一个惊人的发现。offer提议;promise承诺;profit利润;discovery发现。根据下一段中When he arrived,Jose noti

43、ced a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash可知Jose后来在银行捡到了一大笔钱,所以此处指他即将有一个惊人发现,Jose之前毫不知情。6.A.shocked B.amused C.excited D.satisfied【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“当我第一次看到它时,我非常震惊,不知道该怎么办,”Jose告诉纽约时报。shocked震惊的;amused有趣的;excited激动的;satisfied满意的。根据后文not knowing what to do可知,Jose看到这么多钱后感到很吃惊。7.A.teach B.dist

44、urb C.collect D.challenge【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Jose冷静了一会儿后,报了警。teach教学;disturb干扰;collect收集,使(自己)镇定;challenge向挑战。根据后文Jose called the police可知,过了一会儿后,Jose平静了下来。collect在此意为“使(自己)镇定;使(思想)集中”。8.A.carefully B.accidentally C.deliberately D.nervously【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:警方很快发现,这些钱是一名负责给自动取款机装现金的工作人员不小心落下的。carefu

45、lly仔细地;accidentally一不小心,意外地;deliberately故意地;nervously紧张地。根据前后文内容可知,这么一大笔钱应该是一位工作人员不小心遗失在那里的。9.A.continued B.charged C.armed D.tasked【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:警方很快发现,这些钱是一名负责给自动取款机装现金的工作人员不小心落下的。continued继续;charged充电;armed武装;tasked委派任务。结合后文with refilling the ATM可知这位工作人员是被派去给自动取款机装现金的时候,不小心落下了这笔钱。10.A.return

46、ed B.saved C.lost D.exchanged【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现和归还的最大数额的一笔钱,因此举行了一个仪式来表彰Jose的诚实。returned归还,返回;saved拯救;lost失去;exchanged交换。结合上文可知Jose发现了这笔钱,然后报了警,归还了银行,所以是阿尔伯克基历史上发现和归还的最大数额的一笔钱。11.A.confidence B.honesty C.bravery D.appreciation【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现和归还的最大数额的一笔钱

47、,因此举行了一个仪式来表彰Jose的诚实。confidence自信;honesty诚实;bravery勇敢;appreciation欣赏。根据上文内容可知Jose拾金不昧,所以应当是表扬他的诚实(honesty)。其他选项不符合语境。12.A.hold up B.adapt to C.wait for D.apply for【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:也许最重要的是,警察局长邀请Jose在他毕业后申请一份公共服务助理的工作。hold up举起;adapt to适应;wait for等待;apply for申请。根据后文a job as a public service aid可知是指

48、申请一份公共服务助理的工作。13.A.although B.before C.after D.until【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。句意:也许最重要的是,警察局长邀请Jose在他毕业后申请一份公共服务助理的工作。although虽然;before在之前;after在之后;until直到。根据前文19-year-old college student可知,此处应指在Jose大学毕业后。14.A.or B.and C.so D.but【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。句意:妈妈打电话给我,她高兴得几乎哭了起来or或者;and并且;so因此;but但是。根据空格前后内容可知,两者表示顺承关系,应用连词and。15.A.proudB.considerate C.worthy D.sure【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她告诉我我做了正确的事情,她为我所做的感到骄傲。proud骄傲的,自豪的;considerate体贴的;worthy值得的;sure确信的。根据上文内容可知,Jose拾金不昧,所以妈妈在电话里告诉Jose说他做得对,她为他感到骄傲。短语be proud of“为感到骄傲”。