2021版高考英语一轮复习 高考题型抢分练（十）阅读理解提能练（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、高考题型抢分练(十)阅读理解提能练(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ASmart Kids Festival EventsSmart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event. You can pr

2、e-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the directors picks. Walk on the Wild SideNot ticketed, FreeJoin storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way youll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains. Bes

3、t suited to children aged 5-9. Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult. Introduction to WavesPre-book, PWYDSubjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the na

4、tural world. Science in the FieldNot ticketed, FreeThis storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. Come along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientists mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more

5、in this fun-filled workshop. Festival DinnerPre-book, 25 per personWhether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full? Find out more from T

6、om Crawford. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Smart Kids Festival Events的四个活动, 以及每个活动的内容和特色。1. In which event can you decide the payment?A. Walk on the Wild Side. B. Introduction to Waves. C. Science in the Field. D. Festival Dinner. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据四个活动的介绍可知, 四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD, 故选B。2. Who will ta

7、lk about experiences of collecting direct data?A. Sarah Law. B. Mike Goldsmith. C. Mark Samuels. D. Tom Crawford. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Science in the Field 活动中的This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. 可知Mark Samuels会分享

8、他到各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。故选C。3. What do the four events have in common?A. Family-based. B. Science-themed. C. Picked by children. D. Filled with adventures. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据四个活动的内容, 可知四项活动的共同点都是以科学为主题的, 故选B。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. accompany vt. 陪伴2. fundamental adj. 基本的3. informative adj. 提供信息的BI have three kids and a

9、great husband and Im enjoying a career that I find challenging and fun. To the outside world, this feels like“Success”. But there is still a voice in my heart asking if this is who I truly am. Only in silence do I hear the self and wonder who that person might be. So I booked a trip to find out. I t

10、ravelled, for the first time, without my husband or kids. I went to Iceland with a friend, who shares an appreciation for wilderness and silence. For six days, we were immersed(沉浸)in wild, raw scenery and real weatherall kinds of weather. Climbing a mountain against rain and returning to a tent for

11、a simple meal remind you how little you actually need, and how strong it feels to be uncomfortable sometimes. I found silence in Iceland, and time to consider the me outside of career and the me outside of kids as I shared stories with strangers. When I stopped talking and just listened, I became mo

12、re generous. I learned that choosing to be generous can create more space, more food and more warmth. But I didnt really gain any better appreciation of what I want from life or my job. I suspect the anxiety that drove me to seek silence in Iceland was losing sight of my ability to choose gratitude

13、and joy, and to be present in the challenges I set in my career and my family. I came home to noise, rush and love, with no less confusion on who I want to be. I know the answer isnt waiting out there on the top of a mountain in Iceland. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own lifes p

14、ath, and in every choice I make. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。为了寻找真正的自我, 作者踏上了冰岛之旅。回来后, 她意识到答案在自己日常工作与生活中。4. Why did the author take a trip to Iceland?A. To gain a new experience. B. To enjoy family happiness. C. To better understand herself. D. To appreciate natural beauty. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段But there is still a

15、 voice in my heart asking if this is who I truly am. 可知作者想寻找真正的自我, 故选C项。5. What do we learn about the authors trip?A. Exciting. B. Difficult. C. Relaxing. D. Adventurous. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 作者在冰岛期间遭遇各种恶劣天气、饮食简单, 并且体验到了种种不舒适。可知作者的旅途是“困难的”, 故选B项。6. What change happened to the author?A. She felt lon

16、elier. B. She felt more anxious. C. She became more caring. D. She became more confident. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第五段可知, 作者变得更加慷慨, 她认为慷慨能创造更多的空间、食物和温暖。故变得关心他人。故选C项。7. What will the author do in the future?A. Go back to nature. B. Face reality bravely. C. Travel to Iceland more often. D. Pay less attention to

17、 her feelings. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段the anxiety that drove me to seek silence in Iceland was losing sight of my ability to choose gratitude and joy, and to be present in the challenges I set in my career and my family. 可知焦虑让我忽视了选择感恩和快乐的、面对事业和家庭挑战的能力。由此判断作者回来后要勇敢地面对现实。故选B项。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. gratitude n. 感激

18、2. confusion n. 困惑长难句分析I suspect the anxiety that drove me to seek silence in Iceland was losing sight of my ability to choose gratitude and joy, and to be present in the challenges I set in my career and my family. 分析: 本句是一个复合句。suspect后是宾语从句, 其中anxiety后是that引导的定语从句。challenges是先行词, 其后是定语从句。译文: 促使我到冰

19、岛寻找宁静的焦虑让我忽视了选择感恩和快乐的、面对事业和家庭挑战的能力。 C When athletes at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics collect their medals, theyll not only be wearing something that celebrates their sporting performance, but something that symbolizes lastingness. For both the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics, organizers aim to make all of t

20、he gold, silver, and bronze medals out of used electronics. This strong message about how to make use of e-waste has gotten a lot of Japanese involved. Starting in April 2017, the Japanese Olympic Committee began collecting old laptops, digital cameras, smartphones and other abandoned electronics. T

21、he initiative(倡议)has achieved great success. Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and theyre in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March. When looking just at the number of cell phones collected, the amount of

22、waste is shocking. In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. Japans largest mobile phone operator allowed the public to turn in phones at their shops, which counted a lot in the projects success. After being taken apart

23、and sorted, the small electronics underwent a smelting process to extract(提炼) all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. Thanks to this initiative, the worldwide struggle with e-waste will have a global platform. According to a study published by the United Nations University44. 7 million metric ton

24、s of e-waste were made in 2016. Only 20% of that was actually recycled. Unfortunately, this figure is set to rise significantly in the coming years, moving to 52. 2 million metric tons by 2021. So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, its a good start in showing wha

25、t the public can do if theyre made more aware of the issue. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了日本将回收利用废弃的电子产品中的金属, 用于制作2020年奥运会奖牌。8. What can be learnt about Tokyo Olympics initiative from the passage?A. E-waste in the world is increasing significantly. B. Its easy to get elements needed from the used electronics.

26、C. Only producers of electronics participated in the project. D. NTT DOCOMO contributed to the success of the project. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. ”在大约18个月的时间里, 通过与NTT DOCOMO的合作, 收集了500

27、多万部智能手机, 故选D。9. Which can best replace the underlined word “homestretch” in Paragraph 2?A. starting periodB. collection effortC. final stageD. hard search【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线单词所在的句子可知“制作铜牌所需要的数量已经达到了, 并且到了最后关头, 收集过程可以在3月底完成。in the homestretch 固定短语, “最后关头”, 故选C。10. What influence does the Tokyo Olym

28、pics initiative have?A. It offers an effective method to solve the problem of e-waste. B. It shows the power of advanced technology in daily life. C. It saves the expense spent in making all the medals. D. It encourages the publics involvement in dealing with e-waste. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So while

29、the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, its a good start in showing what the public can do if theyre made more aware of the issue. ”所以尽管东京奥运会的提议只是杯水车薪, 这是一个很好的开始, 展示了如果公众对这个问题有了更多的认识, 他们能做些什么。故猜测此举能激发公众参与电子垃圾的回收。故选D。11. What is the writers attitude to the Tokyo Olympics ini

30、tiative?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. AmbiguousD. Indifferent【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据全文的描述, 可知作者对于东京奥运倡议是持积极的态度, 故选A。【知识拓展】 佳词积累1. symbolize vt. 象征2. cooperation n. 合作3. undergo v. 经历;经受4. element n. 要素;元素长难句分析So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, its a good start in showing w

31、hat the public can do if theyre made more aware of the issue. 分析: 本句是一个复合句。while引导的是让步状语从句, showing是宾语从句, if引导的是条件状语从句。译文: 所以尽管东京奥运会的提议只是杯水车薪, 这是一个很好的开始, 展示了如果公众对这个问题有了更多的认识, 他们能做些什么。DSolar power is helping bring about a future of cleaner energy, but there are limits to where rigid solar panels (刚性太

32、阳能电池板)can go. A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere, says physicist Olga Malinkiewicz. We can use perovskite cells on the surfaces of the building, on the roofs of the buildings, on the roofs of the cars and on the electronic devices. We can use i

33、t on the sails. We can use it in the balls, tents and unlimited applications. Malinkiewicz says perovskite has become a favorite among solar panel researchers. Because it can be printed, everyone can use it on every surface. Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet prin

34、ter. She co-founded a company to produce them, called Soleil Technologies, after the Baltic sun goddess. Construction company Skanska is testing the panels at their Warsaw headquarters. Adam Targowski is sustainable (可持续的)development manager for Skanska. They work perfectly, even when they are not w

35、ell exposed to sunlight. So we can use them in all surfaces of the building. Soleil calculates that about one square meter of panel can supply a days worth of power for one workers computer and lights. And they keep getting better as research continues, says the companys scientific director Konrad W

36、ojciechowski. For other technologies, it took decades to really enter markets. Perovskite has been around only for few years in scientific research, so there is still a lot to be done, but potential is basically pretty much unlimited, I think. There are still durability and other problems to work ou

37、t, but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文, 主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池的优点和前景。12. What do we know about perovskite solar cell from the first paragraph?A. Its delicate. B. Its complex. C. Its flexible. D. Its expensive. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new kind of so

38、lar cell made with a mineral called perovskite can go almost anywhere”可知, 钙钛矿太阳能电池可以安装到任何地方, 由此可知它具有灵活性, 故C项正确。13. What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Skanska and Adam Targowski. B. Malinkiewicz and Skanska. C. Soleil Technologies. D. Perovskite panels. 【解析】选D。代词

39、指代题。根据第二段“Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer. ”可知, Malinkiewicz发明了一种打印钙钛矿电池板的方法, 由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的钙钛矿电池板, 故D项正确。14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. It needs years to put perovskite panels into markets. B. Scientists think perovskite panels ar

40、e ready for markets. C. Perovskite has been studied for decades. D. Perovskite panels will soon be seen in the market. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year. ”可知, 一些公司已经打算今年在市场上出售钙钛矿电池板了。由此可推断出, 很快就能在市场上看到钙钛矿电池板, 故D项正确。15. What is the ma

41、in purpose of the passage?A. To explain how to use perovskite panels. B. To introduce perovskite panels. C. To advertise a new solar power cell. D. To propose scientists to further study perovskite cells. 【解析】选B。目的意图题。通读全文, 特别是根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite ca

42、n go almost anywhere”可知, 本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景, 由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板, 故B项正确。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. unlimited adj. 无限制的2. potential n. 潜能 adj. 潜在的3. basically adv. 基本地4. durability n. 耐久性长难句分析Perovskite has been around only for few years in scientific research, so there is still a lot to be done, but pot

43、ential is basically pretty much unlimited, I think. 分析: 本句是一个并列句。译文: 钙钛矿只科学研究了几年, 因此, 还需要很多改进的地方。但是, 我认为它的潜能是无限的。. 阅读填句Have you ever been in a situation where first aid was required? Did you know what to do? Did you feel adequately equipped and confident enough to perform first aid procedures? At th

44、e SOS Center, trained professionals provide some one-on-one and group courses in first aid. 1. First Aid For Infants (婴儿)This course is designed for first-time parents who do not have a basic knowledge of first aid for infants and babies. 2, or if you want to avoid more life threatening problems and

45、 illnesses, you will get them from these topics. First Aid for ChildrenEvery parent knows the fear of releasing their small child out into the world, away from their watchful eye. 3. This course teaches parents how to determine when an injury requires stitches (缝针), how to treat basic cuts, as well

46、as how to treat sunburns and other wounds. 4. Our most popular course offers all kinds of approaches to applying first aid. In this two-day course, youll learn some basic skills such as how to respond when a child or adult chokes, what to do if someone has a heart attack or stroke, how to react to s

47、nake bites and spider bites, and more. This course is highly recommended for learners of all ages. 5. In addition, we are planning to open special courses in community centers around Beijing. For more information on SOS and our course selection or to register for a course, please visit www. firstthi

48、gsfirst. com. A. Basic Training Course in First AidB. Various First-Aid Courses for BabiesC. When you want to ease your babys discomfortsD. If you want to avoid the risk of your parents injuriesE. Classes are offered on a regular basis at our main officeF. We offer a variety of courses designed to m

49、eet particular needsG. As children grow more adventurous, the risk of injury increases as well【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在SOS中心, 训练有素的专业人员提供一些一对一和集体急救课程。1. 【解析】选F。上文提示“在SOS中心, 训练有素的专业人员提供一些一对一和集体急救课程”。F项We offer a variety of courses designed to meet particular needs“我们提供各种各样的课程, 以满足特定的需要”, 承接上文。故选F。2. 【解析】

50、选C。此处应该是一个状语从句, 所以只能在C和D中选择。再根据空格下文, “或者, 如果你想避免更多威胁生命的问题和疾病, 你会从这些话题中得到它们。”C项When you want to ease your babys discomforts“当你想要缓解宝宝的不适时”, 切题。故选C。3. 【解析】选G。下文提示“本课程教家长如何确定何时需要缝合伤口, 如何治疗基本伤口, 以及如何治疗晒伤和其他伤口。”G项As children grow more adventurous, the risk of injury increases as well“随着孩子们变得更爱冒险, 受伤的风险也会随

51、之增加”, 切题。故选G。4. 【解析】选A。根据下文提示“我们最受欢迎的课程提供各种急救方法。”可知本段讲述各种急救方法。A项 Basic Training Course in First Aid “急救基本训练课程”切题。故选A。5. 【解析】选E。下文提示“此外, 我们还计划在北京周边的社区中心开设特殊课程。”E项Classes are offered on a regular basis at our main office“我们的主办公室定期提供课程”承接下文。故选E。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. adequately adv. 充足地2. procedure n. 程序3. recom

52、mend vt. 推荐;建议4. register vt. 注册长难句分析In this two-day course, youll learn some basic skills such as how to respond when a child or adult chokes, what to do if someone has a heart attack or stroke, how to react to snake bites and spider bites, and more. 分析: 本句是一个复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句。译文: 在这门两天的课程中, 你将会学习一些基本的技能: 如当孩子窒息的时候如何反应, 如果某人患心脏病或中风应该做些什么, 被蛇或者蜘蛛咬了如何去做等。