2021届高考英语二轮复习 话题专项复习（十二）（含解析）.doc

1、2021高考英语话题专项复习（十二）目录内容Part 1话题相关词汇Part 2话题相关短语Part 3话题相关句式Part 4话题相关写作Part 5话题相关阅读学生默写版一：相关词汇1. 食物2. 蔬菜3. 水果4. 一餐（饭）5. （猪、牛、羊等的）肉6 菜谱7. 水8. 碗9. 芬芳的，香的10. 盘，菜肴11. 自助餐12. 点菜，命令13. 供应，供给14. 咀嚼15. 喝16. 闻起来17. 咽18. 品尝19. 把切成片20. 包容，容纳21. 吃22. 生的，未加工的23. 苦的24. 无滋味的，庸俗的25. 饥饿的26. 渴的27. 满的，饱的28. 美味的二：相关短语 （

2、1）1 高纤维2 低脂肪3 缺乏营养4 挑食；对食物很讲究5 与健康息息相关6 有害身体健康7 食物中毒8 保持均衡/健康饮食9 节食10 减肥11 削减脂肪12 增加体重13 旨在保持身材苗条14 不吃早餐15 过量地吃16 点菜17 吸收营养18 各种各样的快餐19 注重食品质量20 更加注意你的饮食21 养成健康的饮食习惯22 保障食品安全23 不顾他人的健康24 对有积极的影响25 受到的青睐（2）1. 绝不，在任何时候都不 2. 立刻 3. 充满 4. 渴望做某事 5. 根据，按照 6. 保持身材苗条 7. 吃垃圾食品、绿色食品 8. 恰当的饮食9. 按时吃三餐 提供一日三餐 10.

3、 吃很多的垃圾食品11. （不）健康的饮食习惯12. . 含量高/低/丰富 13. 对乐观/悲观14. 生理和心理状况15. 勇敢面对困难/挫折16. 高纤维/低脂肪17. 吃垃圾食品/绿色食品18. 多吃新鲜蔬菜水果19. 吃零食/吃快餐20. 食物中毒21. 保持健康22. 对 失去胃口23. 使我们精力充沛24. 挨饿25. 餐桌礼仪26. 外卖食品27. 进行有规律的运动三：相关句式1 早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，而晚餐则是最愉快的一餐。2 现在是我们远离垃圾食品、过上健康生活的时候了。3 讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己患病。4 食物不安全事件引发了公众的关注和激烈的讨论。5 当地政府需要加

4、强管理并提高市民的食品安全意识。 6 我认为，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。7. 每天一只苹果不用看医生。（谚语）8. 早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。（英国谚语）7 正确的饮食、锻炼、不吸烟,这些将帮助人们预防心脏病、肺病。10. 足量饮水会改善你的皮肤,让你拥有健康的头发。11. 不吃早餐会让我们的消化系统陷入混乱状态。结果，这对我们的健康不利。12. 均衡饮食，包含更多的蔬菜和水果，是很不错的。13. .另外，我们要平衡饮食，这会确保我们有必要的营养。14. 我们最好规律进餐，这样给我们足够的能量去进行日常活动。15. 均衡饮食和规律锻炼有助于

5、我们保持身心两个方面的健康。四：相关写作假如你叫李华，是一位中学生。在听了关于健康饮食的讲座后，请你用英语给21st Century报社写一封信，反映你对当今学生饮食的看法。1吃西餐多导致肥胖；2大家对中餐和西式快餐不同看法；3你认为中餐更健康，说出你的理由。注意：词数100左右。 五：相关阅读ABiorobotics is a field within robotic science that is based on the movements of living things.The most famous biorobots look and move a lot like humans

6、.However,there are several robots that have been made to mimic (模仿) animals.While many companies develop such robots as toys,some are used for practical purposes.One example of a biorobot is a flying robot that is based on the movements of bees.The robot,named “Carlton”,was developed by the German R

7、esearch Center for Artificial Intelligence.Built to be both light and powerful,it can hover like a bee in tight spaces and also change direction without losing speed.This robots abilities make it very useful for military and police search and rescue missions.For example,Carlton can hide behind a tal

8、l wall,rise up to quickly look at what is on the other side,and then hide again.It can also send video images of what it sees to soldiers in a safe location far away.“Modsnake” is a robot that was modeled on snakes.This robot was developed by the Carnegie Mellon University Biorobotics Lab.It is made

9、 to move like a snake,so it can pass through narrow spaces,move over all sorts of obstacles,climb poles,and even swim.The way Modsnake moves makes it useful for a variety of tasks such as checking for survivors in fallen buildings,finding damaged areas inside of pipes and cleaning up oil spills in l

10、akes and rivers.A third robot,based on cockroaches,also has several uses.“Sprawl” was designed by a research team at Stanford University to take videos and recover small objects.Like many six-legged robots,Sprawl was made to move like an insect.However,Sprawl is uncommonly fast and strong for its si

11、ze,just like a real cockroach.These characteristics make it particularly useful for military situations in which an enemy might try to disable it.It is very difficult to shoot because it moves quickly and is relatively small.Even if an enemy shoots Sprawl,it can usually keep functioning.1.What is th

12、e text mainly about?A.Biorobots military uses.B.Biorobots based on animals.C.Biorobots flying abilities.D.Biorobots that work like humans.2.Whats the characteristic of Carlton?A.Unbreakable.B.Changeable.C.Weighty. D.Swift.3.What does the author suggest about Modsnake?A.It has six legs.B.It can be da

13、ngerous.C.It is multi-functional.D.It moves like an insect.4.Which of the following is true about Sprawl?A.It is small but very tough.B.It is smaller than a cockroach.C.It was developed by a German research team.D.It was originally built to destroy small objects.BThe American writer J.D.Salinger is

14、known for his reclusive (隐居的) nature.He has not given an interview since 1974,or published any new work since 1965.Salingers entire published works consist of one novel and 13 short stories,all written in the period 1948-1959.In 1997,a rumour started that Salinger was going to bring out the first bo

15、ok version of his last published story.Fans became very excited.However,because of the publicity,Salinger quickly receded from the arrangement.Ironically (讽刺地) for a future writer,when he was at college one of his professors insisted he was the worst English student in the history of the college.Bef

16、ore writing his famous book,he had only published a few short stories in magazines.Salinger established his reputation with a single novel,The Catcher in the Rye (1951),an immediate bestseller which still sells 250,000 copies per year.The main character,Holden Caulfield,is a sensitive,rebellious (叛逆

17、的) teenager experiencing the growing pains of high school.Salinger did not do much to help publicise his masterpiece and asked that his photograph should not be used in connection with it.The public attention which followed the success of the book led him to move from New York to the faraway hills o

18、f Cornish,New Hampshire.Since the late 1960s he has tried to escape publicity.In 1974 he told a reporter that he liked to write but that he wrote for himself and his own pleasure.Later,he tried to stop the publication of a biography which included letters he had written to other authors and friends.

19、In 2000 his daughter published a biography.In it she stated her father was not a recluse.She said he travelled often and had friends all over the world.She added that he enjoyed being with people and was friendly except where publicity and celebrity are concerned.Salinger refused to sell the movie r

20、ights to any of his stories to Hollywood and would not allow any of his works to be involved with film.5.What does the underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Suffered.B.Benefited.C.Recovered.D.Withdrew.6.What can be inferred about J.D.Salinger when he was in college?A.He was locally well-kn

21、own.B.He didnt do well in his studies.C.He was deeply interested in world history.D.He was greatly influenced by his professors.7.What do we learn about The Catcher in the Rye?A.It focuses on a teenagers psychological growth.B.It received a great deal of criticism.C.It brought Salinger much trouble.

22、D.It still tops the best-seller list.8.Why did J.D.Salinger move to New Hampshire?A.To work on a report.B.To avoid public attention.C.To advertise his new book.D.To return to his birthplace.CDo you like talking or working together with your parents? It goes without saying that there are many1 in whi

23、ch young people can 2 the older generation.In both their work and their private lives,youngsters can get a lot from the 3 of their elders.As for work,the older generation can4 how young people can achieve the career they 5.For example,they can 6 what to do in order to develop the skills that will gi

24、ve young people the best chance of success.They may 7 be able to give invaluable advice as to which 8 young people should take or not take.It may even be the case that the older person will be able to ask their friends to help the younger one find a 9.Older people may also be able to use the10 of th

25、eir own life experience to help young people with advice on 11.It can happen that older people wish they had acted 12 in their own relationships,so they may wish to encourage youngsters to avoid similar 13.If young people are prepared to listen to this kind of 14,it may well prove 15 for them.1.A.pl

26、acesB.ways C.styles D.habits2.A.hear ofB.look after C.learn from D.talk about3.A.joyB.experience C.kindness D.courage4.A.decideB.predict C.change D.explain5.A.dream ofB.believe in C.give away D.give up6.A.chooseB.require C.plan D.suggest7.A.alsoB.never C.instead D.only8.A.vacationB.exam C.job D.subj

27、ect9.A.roleB.hobby C.position D.task10.A.difficulty B.introduction C.improvementD.advantage11.A.travelsB.relationships C.education D.housework12.A.unusually B.differently C.quickly D.patiently13.A.questions B.accidents C.conversations D.mistakes14.A.answerB.story C.advice D.promise15.A.normalB.helpf

28、ul C.enough D.impossible2021高考英语话题专项复习（十）教师版一：相关词汇1.food 食物2.vegetable 蔬菜3.fruit 水果4.meal 一餐（饭）5.meat （猪、牛、羊等的）肉6.recipe 菜谱7.water 水8.bowl 碗9.fragrant 芬芳的，香的10.dish 盘，菜肴11.buffet 自助餐12.order 点菜，命令13.supply 供应，供给14.chew 咀嚼15.drink 喝16.smell 闻起来17.swallow 咽18.taste 品尝19.slice 把切成片20.contain 包容，容纳21.ea

29、t 吃22.raw 生的，未加工的23.bitter 苦的24.tasteless 无滋味的，庸俗的25.hungry 饥饿的26.thirsty 渴的27.full 满的，饱的28.delicious 美味的二：相关短语 （1）1high/rich in fiber高纤维2low in fat 低脂肪3be lacking in nutrition 缺乏营养4be particular about food 挑食；对食物很讲究5be closely related to health 与健康息息相关6do harm/damage to physical health 有害身体健康7food

30、poisoning 食物中毒8keep a balanced/healthy diet 保持均衡/健康饮食9go on a diet/be on a diet 节食10lose weight/take off weight 减肥11cut down fat 削减脂肪12put on/gain weight 增加体重13aim at keeping slim旨在保持身材苗条14skip breakfast 不吃早餐15eat excessively 过量地吃16take an order 点菜17take in/absorb nutrition 吸收营养18a variety of fast f

31、ood各种各样的快餐19attach importance to food quality 注重食品质量20pay more attention to your diet 更加注意你的饮食21develop/form healthy eating habits 养成健康的饮食习惯22guarantee the safety of food 保障食品安全23regardless of others health 不顾他人的健康24have a positive effect on 对有积极的影响25be favored by 受到的青睐（2）1.at no time 绝不，在任何时候都不 2.i

32、n no time 立刻 3.be filled up with 充满 4.be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 5.according to 根据，按照 6.keep slim 保持身材苗条 7.eat junk foodeat green food 吃垃圾食品、绿色食品 8.proper diet 恰当的饮食9.take three meals on time 按时吃三餐serve 3 meals a day 提供一日三餐 10.eat much junk food 吃很多的垃圾食品11.（un）healthy eating habits （不）健康的饮食习惯12.be hi

33、gh /low/rich in . 含量高/低/丰富 13.be optimistic/ pessimistic about 对乐观/悲观14.physical and mental condition 生理和心理状况15.face difficulties/setbacks with courage 勇敢面对困难/挫折16.be rich/high in fiber; be low in fat 高纤维/低脂肪17.eat junk food; eat green food 吃垃圾食品/绿色食品18.eat more fresh fruits and vegetables 多吃新鲜蔬菜水果1

34、9.eat snacks; eat fast food吃零食/吃快餐20.food poisoning 食物中毒21.keep healthy; keep fit 保持健康22.lose appetite for 对 失去胃口23.make us energetic 使我们精力充沛24.suffer from starvation or hunger 挨饿25.table manners 餐桌礼仪26.take-away food 外卖食品27.take regular exercise 进行有规律的运动三：相关句式1Breakfast is the most important meal o

35、f the day, and dinner the most enjoyable.早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，而晚餐则是最愉快的一餐。2Its high time that we stayed away from junk food and led a healthy life.现在是我们远离垃圾食品、过上健康生活的时候了。3Only when we are particular about food can we prevent ourselves from falling ill.讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己患病。4The issue of unsafe food has aroused pu

36、blic concern and caused a heated discussion.食物不安全事件引发了公众的关注和激烈的讨论。5The local government needs to strengthen the management and raise the awareness of food safety among all the citizens.当地政府需要加强管理并提高市民的食品安全意识。6As far as Im concerned, we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.O

37、nly in this way can we have enough energy to study.我认为，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。7.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 每天一只苹果不用看医生。（谚语）8.Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。（英国谚语）9.Proper diet, exercise, no smoking these will help prevent

38、heart and lung disease. 正确的饮食、锻炼、不吸烟,这些将帮助人们预防心脏病、肺病。10.Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair. 足量饮水会改善你的皮肤,让你拥有健康的头发。11.Having no breakfast will throw the normal work of our digestive system into confusion. As a result, it will do harm to our health.不吃早餐会让我们的消化系统陷入混乱

39、状态。结果，这对我们的健康不利。12. Its a good idea to have a balanced diet including more vegetables and fruits.均衡饮食，包含更多的蔬菜和水果，是很不错的。13. Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrition.另外，我们要平衡饮食，这会确保我们有必要的营养。14. Wed better eat meals regularly, which can give us enough energy

40、 to carry out our daily activities.我们最好规律进餐，这样给我们足够的能量去进行日常活动。15. A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally.均衡饮食和规律锻炼有助于我们保持身心两个方面的健康。四：相关写作假如你叫李华，是一位中学生。在听了关于健康饮食的讲座后，请你用英语给21st Century报社写一封信，反映你对当今学生饮食的看法。1吃西餐多导致肥胖；2大家对中餐和西式快餐不同看法；3你认为中餐更健康，说出你的理由。注

41、意：词数100左右。Dear Editor，Now, more and more students are getting fond of western fast food, and thus they take in too much sugar and fat. I dont think it good for their health.There are all kinds of foods in the world.Which one is healthier, the Chinese food or the western fast food? Different people h

42、ave different opinions.In my opinion, the Chinese food is healthier. Firstly, the Chinese food contains a lot of fruits and green vegetables.It is rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat. Secondly, the Chinese food is very delicious and has many dishes, which provide us with all kinds of nutrition.I

43、think it is the healthiest food in the world. So many Chinese people can keep fit and have white teeth. Yours sincerely， Li Hua五：相关阅读ABiorobotics is a field within robotic science that is based on the movements of living things.The most famous biorobots look and move a lot like humans.However,there

44、are several robots that have been made to mimic (模仿) animals.While many companies develop such robots as toys,some are used for practical purposes.One example of a biorobot is a flying robot that is based on the movements of bees.The robot,named “Carlton”,was developed by the German Research Center

45、for Artificial Intelligence.Built to be both light and powerful,it can hover like a bee in tight spaces and also change direction without losing speed.This robots abilities make it very useful for military and police search and rescue missions.For example,Carlton can hide behind a tall wall,rise up

46、to quickly look at what is on the other side,and then hide again.It can also send video images of what it sees to soldiers in a safe location far away.“Modsnake” is a robot that was modeled on snakes.This robot was developed by the Carnegie Mellon University Biorobotics Lab.It is made to move like a

47、 snake,so it can pass through narrow spaces,move over all sorts of obstacles,climb poles,and even swim.The way Modsnake moves makes it useful for a variety of tasks such as checking for survivors in fallen buildings,finding damaged areas inside of pipes and cleaning up oil spills in lakes and rivers

48、.A third robot,based on cockroaches,also has several uses.“Sprawl” was designed by a research team at Stanford University to take videos and recover small objects.Like many six-legged robots,Sprawl was made to move like an insect.However,Sprawl is uncommonly fast and strong for its size,just like a

49、real cockroach.These characteristics make it particularly useful for military situations in which an enemy might try to disable it.It is very difficult to shoot because it moves quickly and is relatively small.Even if an enemy shoots Sprawl,it can usually keep functioning.1.What is the text mainly a

50、bout?A.Biorobots military uses.B.Biorobots based on animals.C.Biorobots flying abilities.D.Biorobots that work like humans.2.Whats the characteristic of Carlton?A.Unbreakable.B.Changeable.C.Weighty. D.Swift.3.What does the author suggest about Modsnake?A.It has six legs.B.It can be dangerous.C.It is

51、 multi-functional.D.It moves like an insect.4.Which of the following is true about Sprawl?A.It is small but very tough.B.It is smaller than a cockroach.C.It was developed by a German research team.D.It was originally built to destroy small objects.BThe American writer J.D.Salinger is known for his r

52、eclusive (隐居的) nature.He has not given an interview since 1974,or published any new work since 1965.Salingers entire published works consist of one novel and 13 short stories,all written in the period 1948-1959.In 1997,a rumour started that Salinger was going to bring out the first book version of h

53、is last published story.Fans became very excited.However,because of the publicity,Salinger quickly receded from the arrangement.Ironically (讽刺地) for a future writer,when he was at college one of his professors insisted he was the worst English student in the history of the college.Before writing his

54、 famous book,he had only published a few short stories in magazines.Salinger established his reputation with a single novel,The Catcher in the Rye (1951),an immediate bestseller which still sells 250,000 copies per year.The main character,Holden Caulfield,is a sensitive,rebellious (叛逆的) teenager exp

55、eriencing the growing pains of high school.Salinger did not do much to help publicise his masterpiece and asked that his photograph should not be used in connection with it.The public attention which followed the success of the book led him to move from New York to the faraway hills of Cornish,New H

56、ampshire.Since the late 1960s he has tried to escape publicity.In 1974 he told a reporter that he liked to write but that he wrote for himself and his own pleasure.Later,he tried to stop the publication of a biography which included letters he had written to other authors and friends.In 2000 his dau

57、ghter published a biography.In it she stated her father was not a recluse.She said he travelled often and had friends all over the world.She added that he enjoyed being with people and was friendly except where publicity and celebrity are concerned.Salinger refused to sell the movie rights to any of

58、 his stories to Hollywood and would not allow any of his works to be involved with film.5.What does the underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Suffered.B.Benefited.C.Recovered.D.Withdrew.6.What can be inferred about J.D.Salinger when he was in college?A.He was locally well-known.B.He didnt

59、do well in his studies.C.He was deeply interested in world history.D.He was greatly influenced by his professors.7.What do we learn about The Catcher in the Rye?A.It focuses on a teenagers psychological growth.B.It received a great deal of criticism.C.It brought Salinger much trouble.D.It still tops

60、 the best-seller list.8.Why did J.D.Salinger move to New Hampshire?A.To work on a report.B.To avoid public attention.C.To advertise his new book.D.To return to his birthplace.CDo you like talking or working together with your parents? It goes without saying that there are many1 in which young people

61、 can 2 the older generation.In both their work and their private lives,youngsters can get a lot from the 3 of their elders.As for work,the older generation can4 how young people can achieve the career they 5.For example,they can 6 what to do in order to develop the skills that will give young people

62、 the best chance of success.They may 7 be able to give invaluable advice as to which 8 young people should take or not take.It may even be the case that the older person will be able to ask their friends to help the younger one find a 9.Older people may also be able to use the10 of their own life ex

63、perience to help young people with advice on 11.It can happen that older people wish they had acted 12 in their own relationships,so they may wish to encourage youngsters to avoid similar 13.If young people are prepared to listen to this kind of 14,it may well prove 15 for them.1.A.placesB.ways C.st

64、ylesD.habits2.A.hear ofB.look after C.learn from D.talk about3.A.joyB.experience C.kindnessD.courage4.A.decideB.predict C.changeD.explain5.A.dream ofB.believe in C.give away D.give up6.A.chooseB.require C.planD.suggest7.A.alsoB.never C.insteadD.only8.A.vacationB.exam C.job D.subject9.A.roleB.hobby C

65、.position D.task10.A.difficulty B.introduction C.improvementD.advantage11.A.travelsB.relationships C.education D.housework12.A.unusually B.differently C.quickly D.patiently13.A.questions B.accidents C.conversations D.mistakes14.A.answerB.story C.advice D.promise15.A.normalB.helpful C.enough D.imposs

66、ible参考答案：1.B由第一段中的“there are several robots that have been made to mimic animals”以及文中对Carlton,Modsnake和Sprawl的描述可知,本文主要介绍了三款模仿动物而研发的机器人。2.D由第二段中的“Built to be both light and powerful.change direction without losing speed”和“Carlton can hide behind a tall wall,rise up to quickly look at what is on the

67、other side,and then hide again”可知,Carlton很轻便,可以像蜜蜂一样在狭小的空间盘旋,而且动作很敏捷。3.C由第三段中的“it can pass through narrow spaces,move over all sorts of obstacles,climb poles,and even swim”和“useful for a variety of tasks.cleaning up oil spills in lakes and rivers”可知,Modsnake可以通过狭窄的空间,翻越各种障碍物,攀爬电线杆,甚至可以游泳,它的行动方式使得它可以

68、参与很多任务,由此可推断,Modsnake用途广泛。4.A由最后一段中的“Sprawl is uncommonly fast and strong for its size”和“it moves quickly and is relatively small”可知,Sprawl虽然小,但是非常坚固。B5.D由第一段中的“J.D.Salinger is known for his reclusive nature”和“Fans became very excited”以及“However,because of the publicity”可知,J.D.塞林格喜欢隐居的生活,不喜欢受到公众的追捧,

69、所以当活动公开后,他就打退堂鼓了,不想参加活动安排。6.B由第二段中的“one of his professors insisted he was the worst English student in the history of the college”可知,J.D.塞林格在大学时期,学习表现不佳。7.A由第三段中的“The main character,Holden Caulfield,is a sensitive,rebellious teenager experiencing the growing pains of high school.”可知,J.D.塞林格的麦田里的守望者主

70、要讲述青少年Holden Caulfield的惶惑和成长的痛苦。8.B由第四段中的“The public attention.led him to move.to the faraway hills of Cornish,New Hampshire.”和“Since the late 1960s he has tried to escape publicity.”可知,J.D.塞林格从纽约搬到新罕布什尔州是为了避免惹人注意。C1.B由下文年轻人可以在工作和人际关系上从上一辈人身上学到很多东西可知,此处表示在很多“方面(ways)”。2.C由下文第二、三段可知,年轻人在工作和人际关系上可以向上一

71、辈人“学习(learn from)”。3.B第三段中的their own life experience对本空有提示。4.D本段主要介绍的是上一辈人对年轻人在工作上的帮助。因此此处表示:上一辈人可以给年轻人“说明(explain)”如何能够获得“梦想(dream of)”的工作。5.A 6.D上一辈人“建议(suggest)”年轻人应该做什么以获得必需的技能从而最大限度地获得成功。7.A本句是对上一句的递进,下一句是对本句的递进,故此处用also符合语境。8.C本段主要讲的是上一辈人对年轻人在工作上的帮助,因此此处指应该接受哪份“工作(job)”。9.C上一辈人甚至可以请自己的朋友帮助年轻人找

72、到“岗位(position)”。10.D上一辈人已经经历过生活中的很多事情,因此有生活经验这个“优势(advantage)”。11.B下文中的in their own relationships对本空有提示。12.B根据上下文语境以及常识可知,上一辈人会反思自己的经历,对于有些事情,他们认为当时可以采取的做法会有所“不同(differently)”(从而使事情更加完美)。13.D而他们的经验教训可以避免年轻人犯类似的“错误(mistakes)”。14.C本文旨在说明上一辈人对年轻人的帮助,因此此处表示:如果年轻人听从这些“建议(advice)”。15.B那么这些建议一定会对他们有所“帮助(helpful)”。