2021届高考英语二轮复习 语法专项突围 专题12 主谓一致精练（含解析）.doc

1、主谓一致1. Charles is crazy about antiques and included in his closet _ a collection of vases in various shapes and sizes.A. has B. is C. have D. are【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：Charles非常喜欢古董，在他的储藏室里收藏了许多大小形状各异的花瓶。分析句子可知，此处是表语前置的倒装句，“a collection of + 名词复数”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，又某物在某处应用be动词。故选B项。2. The publication of

2、 Great Expectations, which _ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.A. is B. areC. was D. were【答案解析】 C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：远大前程的出版，得到了广泛的好评和高度赞扬，加强了狄更斯作为一名主要小说家的地位。先行词The publication of Great Expectations在定语从句中作主语，是单数概念，根据主谓一致的原则，所以谓语动词用单数，再根据主句谓语动词review

3、ed是一般过去时可知，应选C项。3. Regular exercise along with proper diets_our health in the long term.A. benefits B. has benefited C. benefit D. have benefited【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：有规律的运动加上适当的饮食从长远来看对我们的健康有益。主语后接介词短语along with或其他插入语，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定。故谓语动词应与Regular exercise保持一致，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称

4、单数。故选A。4. At the foot of the mountain_a family,_members make a living by raising cattle and sheep.A. lives, its B. lives, whose C. live, where D. live, whose【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致和非限制定语从句。句意：山脚下住着一户人家，他们靠养牛羊为生。本句为全部倒装句，a family 为主语，句子为一般现在时，谓语为第三人称单数，同时包含了一个非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词a family 并在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose

5、来引导。故选B项。5. As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that _ to us.A. present B. are presenting C. are presented D. have presented【答案解析】 C【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，我们在生活中的成功取决于我们想要抓住呈现在面前机会的决心。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句谓语动词，that指代opportunities，和present之间是被动关系，由前文的is

6、判断为一般现在时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故用are presented，故选C项。6. Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China _ the country with takeout containers and plasticA. have drowned B. has been drowned C. is drowning D. are drowned【答案解析】 C【详解】考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，中国外卖app的发展让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹没。根据Nowadays可知句子用现在进行时态，再根

7、据句子主语growth是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。7. Regular exercise along with proper diets_our health in the long term.A. benefits B. has benefited C. benefit D. have benefited【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：有规律的运动加上适当的饮食从长远来看对我们的健康有益。主语后接介词短语along with或其他插入语，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定。故谓语动词应与Regular exercise保持一致，且描述客

8、观事实用一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选A。8. The New York Times _ a wide circulation which was started in 1851.A. is B. hasC. are D. have【答案解析】 B考查动词和主谓一致。句意：纽约时报开始于1851年，有很大的发行量。此处表示“有”， 主语The New York Times虽然以-s结尾，但是专用名词是单数，谓语也用单数。故选B。9. Though three-fourths of the surface of our planet covered by water, people

9、in some parts are still in bad need of drinking water.A. has been B. is C. have been D. are【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致。 句意：尽管地球表面四分之三的面积被水覆盖着，但一些地区的人们仍急需饮用水。首先分析本句为客观事实，应该为一般现在时；其次“几分之几；百分之几”出现在主语位置时，谓语动词应该由of之后的名词形式来决定。本句of之后为the surface，所以用单数谓语。结合起来判断is正确。故选B。【点睛】主谓一致之意义一致：“分数+of+名词”作主语“分数或百分数of名词”以及“a lot

10、 of/lots of/plenty of/half of/the rest of/ (a) part of名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词形式要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；名词是单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Lots of damage was caused by fire. 很多损失是由于火造成的。Two thirds of the total floor of the building is already occupied. 大楼总楼层的三分之二已被占用。About half the kids take the bus to school an

11、d the other half come by car with their parents. 大约一半的孩子乘公交车上学，另外一半的孩子由父母开车送到学校。10. Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China _ the country with takeout containers and plasticA. have drowned B. has been drowned C. is drowning D. are drowned【答案解析】 C【详解】考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，中国外卖app的发展让整个国家被外卖盒

12、和塑料淹没。根据Nowadays可知句子用现在进行时态，再根据句子主语growth是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。11. The publication of Great Expectations, which _ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.A. is B. areC. was D. were【答案解析】 C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：远大前程的出版，得到了广泛的好评和高度赞扬，加强了狄更斯作为一名主要小说家的地位。先行词

13、The publication of Great Expectations在定语从句中作主语，是单数概念，根据主谓一致的原则，所以谓语动词用单数，再根据主句谓语动词reviewed是一般过去时可知，应选C项。12. It is estimated that living expenses for international students in the university _ around $9,000 a year, which _ a heavy burden for some of them.A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is【答案

14、解析】 D【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：据估计，大学里留学生的生活费大约要9000美元一年，这对于其中有些人来说是一笔沉重的负担。完成本题，应分别找出两个主语，第一个空之前的主语living expenses for international students in the university可提炼出living expenses（生活费用），为可数名词复数，故谓语用are；第二个空之前的which在定语从句中作主语，指代的是先行词around $9,000 a year，“一年大约9000美金”在此处为一个费用数额，在英语中视为一个整体，使用单数，故谓语用is。综上，本题应选D。13. R

15、egular exercise,along with proper diets,_our health in the long term.A. Benefit B. are benefited C. benefits D. is benefited【答案解析】 C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：规律运动配合适当的饮食，从长远来看对我们的健康有益。在主谓一致中，along with采取就远原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于regular exercise，故谓语用第三人称单数，主语与动词之间为主动关系。故选C。14. Catherine, along with two other boys in our

16、 school, _to New York to pick up the prizes the other day.A. are invited B. is invited C. were invited D. was invited【答案解析】 D【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：凯瑟琳，和我们学校的两个男孩，七天前被邀请去纽约拿奖品。根据the other day判断为一般过去时，又along with“和一起”适用就远原则，所以主语只看Catherine，是为单数，与谓语第动词invite是被动关系，故选D项。【点睛】本题考查就远原则就远原则即谓语动词的形式要和离它最远的主语保持一致，常

17、见的适用救援原则的词或短语有：with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, rather than等，例如：1. He, as well as his two sons, often goes fishing.他和他的两个儿子常常去钓鱼。2. I rather than you are to blame.我，而非你，应该被责备。15. We have decided that either you or the headmaster _ the prize to those gifted students at th

18、e meeting tomorrow.A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out【答案解析】 D【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们决定了要么是你要么是校长在明天的会议上把奖品送给那些优秀的学生。主句中用了现在完成时，宾语从句的时态要与主句一致，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态，宾语从句中的时间状语为tomorrow，宾语从句要用一般将来时。宾语从句中主语由either.or连接，谓语动词要就近，the headmaster是第三人称单数。故选D。【点睛】本题考查了be to do表将来。

19、一般将来时的形式有以下几种表达：be going to表示计划、打算做某事或者有迹象表明某事要发生。be to do 表示客观的计划或者安排要做某事，比be going to更强调客观性。be about to+动词原形，意为马上做某事，不能与tomorrow，next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。16. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.A. is B. were C. was D. are【答案解析】 B考查主谓一致和时态。

20、句意：这家工厂用了65%的原材料，剩余的被作为它用。当分数，百分数, the rest放在句首的时候，谓语动词的形式和这些词后面的名称保持一致，如果名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词使用复数形式，如果名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。本题which指代可数名词复数形式the raw materials，故使用复数形式，由used说明使用过去时。故B正确。17. The boy and the girl each _ toysA. have their own B. has their ownC. have her own D. has her own【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：男孩和

21、女孩都有自己的玩具。本句主语 the boy and the girl 在意义上是两个人，故谓语动词用复数形式。故选A。18. Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.A. was eaten; were B. were eaten; wasC. were eaten; were D. was eaten; was【答案解析】 D【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：鲍勃吃了四分之三的面包，其余的留在桌子上。分数词、the rest后跟of短语作主语时,动词的数按照of后面的名词

22、决定单复数，两句话中of后名词为bread，故谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。【点睛】“分数+of+名词”作主语“分数或百分数of名词”以及“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/half of/the rest of/ (a) part of名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词形式要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；名词是单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Lots of damage was caused by fire. 很多损失是由于火造成的。Two thirds of the total floor of the building is alre

23、ady occupied. 大楼总楼层的三分之二已被占用。19. One-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people.A. is; are B. is; isC. are; are D. are; is【答案解析】 AA解析：考查主谓一致。第一个空前的主语为“这个国家的三分之一”，作为整体，故谓语动词用单数；第二个空前的 主语为“大多数市民”，为可数名词复数，故谓语动词用复 数，即A项正确。【规律总结】当百分数.分数后面加名词或代词时，要根据这个名词或代词来决

24、定其谓语动词的单复数形式。如果是复数名词或代词，谓语动词用复数；如果是单数名词(或不可数名词)或代词，谓语动词用单数。如：Fifty percent ofthe students in our school are girls.我们学校百分之五十的学生是女生。Threefourths of the surface of the earth issea,.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。20. I wonder why you failed so many of the questions. Only the first question was difficult, but the rest, I thought, _ very easy.A. is B. are C. was D. were【答案解析】 D试题分析：考查主谓一致。句意：我想知道你为什么答错了这么多道题目，只有第一个比较难，但剩下的，我认为，是非常简单的。the rest作主语，谓语动词要根据the rest指代的内容来确定单复数，这里指的是questions，是可数名词复数，故谓语也用复数，排除A、C；根据“failed”和“thought”可知，应该用一般过去时，故选D。