2021届通用版高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解讲解与练习（二十二） WORD版含答案.doc

1、2021高考英语二轮阅读理解讲解与练习（二十二）一：知识梳理1：推断题=推理+判断解题技巧：a：定位 b：怎样推断（是方向而不是远近） 1） ：不能和主旨相矛盾2） 不能有细节矛盾且有相关细节，同义替换最好3） 最能证明主旨2：第一段主要谈论了xxx，哪个正确？a：读完整段，自己总结 b：80%题目出题点 c：四个选项定位 3：80%出题点中心句；转折关系；因果关系；递进关系；举例关系；特殊符号；敏感词；比较关系4：第一题为主旨题，怎么办？ 根据题文同序原则；首段中心为全文中心，读完首段中心；直接选（说明文）；假如文章体裁为记叙文或者夹叙夹议文；应当结合首尾段的中心句去推测文章主旨。（A）Wh

2、en you choose a higher education course, here are some tips for you to follow.Choosing your courseThere are a range of subjects and courses available. Many are work-related; others are academic. Youll need to look beyond the course title because courses with almost the same name may differ enormousl

3、y. For example, if youre interested in construction but wish to use your creative skills, you may be better suited to a building design management course than a building project management course.Style of learningThink about the style of learning that best suits you. Its important to study a subject

4、 that you particularly enjoy, but if you want to follow a career in a different area, you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into one degree. Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal with particular areas of interest.Choosing where to s

5、tudyWhere you study can be almost as important as what you study. One thing to consider is whether you want to live at home or move away. For some people, living at home offers the best of both worlds, but it may make sense to move if you want to study a particular course at a specific university or

6、 college. Many students value the experience of living on campus or in a different part of the country as an important part of university life.Finding out more about coursesOnce youve got a list of courses that appeal to you, its worth looking at some other sources of information about them, like in

7、dependent reports. These provide information on the numbers of students who finished the course, student satisfaction and more.Open daysOpen days usually take place in spring or autumn. Although you may have an idea about what a course is like, theres no substitute（替代）for attending a class yourself.

8、 If you cant come on the open days, you can sign up for a guided tour instead.1.You need to look beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be _.A.creativity-focused B.work-relatedC.far different D.quite similar2.What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your fut

9、ure career?A.Add preferred subjects to your degree courses.B.Choose the subjects based on your interest.C.Earn different degrees.D.Give up your interest.3.What do we learn about from Para. 4?A.Disadvantages of studying on campus.B.Reasons for choosing where to study.C.Importance of attending a nearb

10、y college.D.Problems of going to a faraway university.4 .Why is it recommended to check independent reports?A.To increase applicants interest.B.To better understand a course.C.To figure out how to complete a course.D.To find out how different the courses are.5 .On the open days, would-be college stu

11、dents can _.A.sign up for a particular courseB.take a guided tour on the campusC.see whether there is a substitute courseD.have a first-hand experience of a course（B）Artificial intelligence(AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors.It may help them better understand and treat diseases lik

12、e liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.Rishi Rawat，who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles，is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver.Rawat provides information about

13、cancer cells to a computer.He says，“You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition thats important for making decisions.”David Agus is another researcher.He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors.“Computers will not treat patien

14、ts，but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain cant recognize by itself.”Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed，doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning.The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer.Nowadays，res

15、earchers take a thin piece of tissue(组织)，put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better.That process could take days or even longer.Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells.Through machine learning，it can recognize complex patterns

16、or structures，and learn how the cells are organized.The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes.Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about p

17、atients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.The researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer.But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.1.What can AI do with the help of the information provided b

18、y the researchers?A.Recognize cancer patterns.B.Treat liver cancer.C.Collect useful information.D.Store cancerous cells.2.What can we learn about AI?A.It will be able to replace doctors.B.Patients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help.C.It is making a difference in taking care of patients

19、.D.It can recognize cancer more accurately.3.Whats the authors attitude towards the future of AI?A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful.C.Curious. D.Cold.4.What is the best title for the text?A.AI Is Used to Treat CancersB.AI May Compete with DoctorsC.AI May Make Doctors BetterD.AI Is Better at Curing Cancers（C）

20、Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now the website BookC turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCross

21、ing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place，hoping that the book will have an adventure，traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson，the managing director of BookCrossing，says，The two things that change your li

22、fe are the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.Members leave books on park benches and buses，in train stations and coffee shops.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what

23、they thought of it.E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found.Bruce Peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back

24、 to therealand not the virtual（虚拟）.The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.1.Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph？ _A.To explain what they are.B.To introduce BookCrossing.C.To stress the importance of reading.D.To encour

25、age readers to share their ideas.2.What does the underlined worditin Paragraph 2 refer to？ _A.The book. B.An adventure.C.A public place. D.The identification number.3 .What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it？ _A.Meet other readers to discuss it.B.Pass it on to another reader.C.Keep i

26、t safe in his bookcase.D.Mail it back to its owner.4 .What is the best title for the text？ _A.Online Reading：A Virtual TourB.Electronic Books：A new TrendC.A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD.A Website Links People through Books（D）On US TV shows，you may sometimes see rubber balls on peoples desks.The

27、se balls are known as “stress relief balls”.People can squeeze them when they feel stressed out.Its believed that by concentrating on the act of squeezing，they can let go of the negative energy in their bodies.“We dont all get the big，sunny corner office，the comfortable chair，or four weeks of vacati

28、on at work.A focused activity helps take your mind off the problems of your day，” wrote Joseph Shrand，a professor at Harvard University，in his book Manage Your Stress.Indeed，stress is a big problem for many people.Fortunately，we have many ways to deal with it.In fact，the rubber stress relief balls t

29、hat are so popular today in the US are believed to date back to ancient China.Back in the Han dynasty(BC 202-AD 220)，soldiers used walnuts(核桃) to get rid of stress.By squeezing them during moments of anxiety，soldiers were able to calm themselves down before going into battle.In the Ming dynasty(AD 1

30、368-1644)，people started rolling the walnuts in their hands.Ordinary citizensnot just soldiersdeveloped the habit of rolling two walnuts，or balls made from iron or stone，around in their hands.This helped them relax as well.And today，we have many gadgets(小器具) and toys that are designed to reduce stre

31、ss in addition to stress relief balls.One example is the popular fidget spinner，which keeps your hand busy with an easy taskspinning the gadget around.Theres also the fidget cube，which features different “gimmicks”(花招) on each side of the cube.You can click，spin，pull，push and roll different parts of

32、 the cube.These gadgets may look like simple toys，but perhaps we should take them more seriously than they are given credit for.“After all，the history of stress balls is a history of modern-day coping，” reporter Nadia Berenstein wrote for Woolly magazine.1.Why do people squeeze rubber balls on US TV

33、 shows?A.To attract the audiences attention.B.To kill time when they are bored.C.To relieve the negative emotions.D.To concentrate themselves on something.2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A.The history of the Han dynasty.B.The history of rolling walnuts.C.The materials of rolling balls.D.The d

34、ifferences between China and US.3.What is Nadia Berensteins attitude to the function of the stress ball?A.Doubtful. B.Unconcerned.C.Objective. D.Negative.（E）Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America,usually $8 to $10 a year.Today $8 or $10 seems a small amoun

35、t of money,but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.Accordingly,newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.In addition,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.They were dull and visually forbidding.But the revoluti

36、on that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend,then,was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.It meant any inexpensive newspaper;perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.Th

37、is development did not take place overnight.It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy.Street sales were almost unknown.However,within a few years,street sales of newspape

38、rs would be commonplace in eastern cities.At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedand some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents.But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy,and soon there would be papers that did indeed

39、 sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well.Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures.Publishers already in business,people who were owners of successful papers,had little desire to change the tradition.It took a few youthful and dar

40、ing businessmen to get the ball rolling.1.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A.Academic.B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.2.What did street sales mean to newspapers?A.They would be priced higher.B.They would disappear from cities.C.They could have

41、more readers.D.They could regain public trust.3.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A.Local politicians.B.Common people.C.Young publishers.D.Rich businessmen.4.What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A.It was a difficult process.B.It was a temporary success.C.It was a robbery of the poor.D.It was a disaster for printers.参考答案：A篇：CABBDB篇：ADACC篇：BABDD篇：CBCE篇：BCBA