2021高考英语（新高考版）一轮复习考点考法精练：第一部分 主题三　人与自然 WORD版含解析.docx

1、主题三人与自然一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空词形转换1.Children normally feel a lot of about their first day at school, so I was that I left my son alone in the kindergarten. (anxious)2.When he suddenly in the classroom, the students were concentrating on listening to their teacher. His sudden surprised them. (appear)3.A larg

2、e number of people have sent off for the job. Some of the may be disappointed because only one third for it have the chance to be employed. (apply)4.People should be of environmental issues, so we organized an activity last weekend to raise peoples of protecting the environment. (aware)5.Having clea

3、ned the sports facilities, the went to the grassland to pick up the litter. After his thorough , we saw a community. (clean)6.As we all know, smoking is considered to our health. If you insist on smoking, you will be a to others because they are forced to take in the second-hand smoke. You should no

4、t put their lives in , so you had better quit it.(danger)7.Living in the city will put you in touch with people from a (diverse) of cultures. 8.The company into several departments. He will be sent to the sales after graduation. (divide)9.You are right. Regular exercise can keep you full of . Beside

5、s, enough sleep can make us and enable us to perform well in exams.(energy)10.Mary was too to tell her family about the scene because it almost her to death. She was shaking with at the thought of it. (frighten)11.I am the of the project but I cant all the work on my own. So my assistant helps me wi

6、th the everyday . (manage)12.I wasnt blaming anyone; I (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.13.Bob is veryof his younger brother and tries every way him. I think Bob provides too muchfor him.(protect)14.To escape the is one of the most obvious reasons why people lie. No one likes .(punish)1

7、5.(1)I have a lot to say in to this matter. (relate)(2)Tiredness is directly to a drivers response time. (relate)16.(1)We all breathed a sigh of when he left.(relief)(2)Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to her. (relief)17.I called to make a table for two for seven oclock, only to be told t

8、hat all the tables . (reserve)18.Everything seemed to be going (smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York. 19.of food are almost exhausted in the town, but the foodcannot more food to their customers. (supply)20.He the accident and became the only . His was really a wonder. (survive)2

9、1.(1)When a fire broke out, help was needed.(urge)(2)The most thing was to make sure everyone went out of the building. So the firefighters that people leave the building as soon as possible. (urge)二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空常见搭配1.The local hospital was one of the first to apply (become) self-governing.2.Some e

10、xperts advocate (improve) the way we use energy today.3.Large quantities of money (spend) in searching for a cure for this terrible disease so far.4.This is the best way I could think of to stop the students (break) the rules.5.Susan is slow in doing anything, so it is necessary to urge her (complet

11、e) the work on time.三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词固定搭配 1.Usually the discount in this shop only applies children under the age of ten every winter.2.Even though we may not be aware it, our actions can stand for our thoughts. 3.What traditions in China are disappearing or are danger of disappearing?4.occurred to me

12、 that day that art and beauty are the common language of mankind.5.Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participatethe running of the club.6.I think the boy has the potential painting, but he needs training.7.100 years ago, a big fire broke out in the old building, leaving it ruins.四、写出画线部分在

13、语境中的含义熟词生义1.When I met him in the town, he looked straight at me but did not acknowledge me, which made me annoyed. 2.He has been teaching for 30 years, and he still devotes himself to the cause of education. 3.Keep a measured tone : dont handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially

14、if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).4.A man narrowly escaped death when a fire broke out in his home on Sunday morning.5.The research team are making their way to the west area with the purpose of finding where the river rises.6.(1)He

15、smoothed the way for us. (2)Sally managed to smooth over the bad feelings between them.(3)They are introducing new measures to ensure the smooth running of the business.7.They didnt think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road.A bit later,they spotted what

16、 they assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. 8.A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust (反垄断的)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空不规则变化1.His careless driving caused a terrible accident. Therefore, he(

17、ban) from driving for three years.2.He is often found (bury) in his work whenever I come here.3.Most of the old part of the city (destroy) by bombs during the war in 1937. 4.A full moon (light) up the sky. I invited all my family to appreciate it together.5.Jack was working in the lab when the power

18、 cut (occur).6.The partys share of the vote (rise) from 11 percent to 21 percent in last months election.7.A young boy climbed up the apple tree and (shake) the branches so that the apples fell.8.A good idea me while I was walking along the river. (strike)9.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of sta

19、irs to deliver water and food to elderly people (trap) in the high-rise building.六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子写作1.近年来,人类不负责任的活动和飓风、极端天气等自然灾害给我们造成了极大的损害。因此,我们应该与自然和谐相处,呵护地球,让它成为一个更好的家园。(harm, harmony) 2.在附近社区倡导低碳出行给我的生活带来了很大影响。(advocate, affect) 3.过度捕杀影响了野生动物的数量,有些动物灭绝了,有些处于危险之中。幸运的是,政府已经注意到这种情况并采取了一系列积极的措施。我们要努力保

20、护环境,只有这样我们才能够成功地阻止这种情况恶化。(hunt, measure, protect, prevent) 复习效果测评一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空词形转换1.第一空在a lot of后面,应该用名词,anxiety表示忧虑时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填anxiety/anxieties;第二空作表语,用形容词,填anxious。2.第一空作谓语,表示过去的动作,填appeared;第二空作主语,空前有形容词sudden,用名词,填appearance。3.第一空作宾语,应用名词,application表示申请(书)时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填applic

21、ation(s);第二空与Some of the一起构成主语,表示申请人,填applicants;one third (of the applicants)与动词apply之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故第三空用现在分词作后置定语,填applying。4.第一空填aware,构成固定搭配be aware of;第二空在名词所有格后,应该用名词,填awareness。5.第一空作主语,表示清洁工,根据下文的his可知填cleaner;第二空作宾语,表示打扫,清洁,填cleaning;第三空作定语,表示干净的,填clean。6.第一空作主语补足语,表示危险的,应用形容词dangerous;第二空用在冠词

22、后,应用名词danger 危险,危险因素;第三空考查固定搭配,in danger表示处在危险之中,填danger。7.考查形容词变换为名词。生活在城市里会让你接触到来自各种文化的人。故此处应填名词diversity。8.第一空作谓语,divide与主语The company为被动关系,且表示客观情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态,填is divided;第二空与前面的the sales一起构成介词to的宾语,应该用名词,依据句意可知,填division,表示部门。9.第一空在介词后作宾语,填名词energy;第二空作宾语补足语,表示精力充沛的,填形容词energetic。10.第一空作表语,表示主

23、语Mary的感受,用形容词frightened表示害怕的;第二空作定语修饰名词scene,用形容词frightening表示骇人的;第三空作谓语,且事情发生在过去,故用动词过去式frightened,frighten sb. to death表示把某人吓得要命;第四空作介词with的宾语,用名词fright表示惊吓。11.第一空用在定冠词the后面,表示经理,填manager;第二空用在情态动词后且与之一起构成谓语,填manage,表示管理;第三空作主语,在此表示管理,填management。12.此处应用副词merely修饰动词said。13.第一空作表语,表示爱护的,填protective

24、, be protective of sb.表示爱护某人;第二空应该用动词不定式表目的,填to protect;第三空作主语,表示保护,填protection。14.第一空作动词的宾语,用名词punishment;第二空考查like doing sth.喜欢做某事,此处表示被惩罚,填being punished。15.(1)此空考查in relation to关于,填relation;(2)此空考查be related to与有关,填related。16.(1)此空用在介词后作宾语,应该用名词,填relief;(2)此空考查seem to do结构,relieve sb.表示使某人感到轻松,填

25、relieve。17.第一空考查make a reservation,表示预订,填reservation;第二空作谓语,all the tables与reserve之间为被动关系,且根据前文时态及语境可知,此处应用过去完成时的被动语态,填had been reserved。18.考查形容词变换为副词。此处应用副词smoothly修饰动词。19.镇上贮存的食物快吃完了,但是食品供应商无法给顾客供应更多的食物。第一空作主语,表示供应量,储备,此处是可数名词,再结合are可知填Supplies;第二空作主语,表示供应商,供应商不止一家,用名词复数,填suppliers;第三空作谓语,且位于情态动词后

26、,填动词原形supply。20.他在事故中幸免于难,成为唯一的幸存者。他的幸存的确是一个奇迹。第一空作谓语,由and后的became可知,填动词过去式survived;第二空表示幸存者,填名词survivor;第三空作主语,表示幸存,填名词survival。 21.(1)空处作状语,表示迫切地,填urgently。(2)第一空作定语,表示紧急的,填urgent;第二空作谓语,表示敦促,填urged。二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空常见搭配1.to becomeapply to do sth.表示申请做某事。2.improvingadvocate doing sth.表示提倡做某事。3.have

27、been spentquantities of + 名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,根据时间状语so far可知,应用现在完成时,且money与spend之间为动宾关系,故此处用have been spent。4.breaking stop sb. (from) doing sth.表示阻止某人做某事。5.to completeurge sb. to do sth.表示敦促某人做某事。三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词固定搭配1.to。 apply to适用于。2.of。 be aware of意识到。3.in。 in danger of有的危险。4.It。 It occurred to sb.

28、 that.某人想到;同义表达有It struck sb. that.某人突然想到5.in。 participate in参与。6.for。 have the potential for有的潜力。7.in。 in ruins毁坏,严重受损。四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义熟词生义1.acknowledge熟义:v. 承认,感谢。此处表示打招呼,理会,类似于greet。2.cause熟义:v.引起 n.原因。此处表示事业。3.measure熟义:v.量,测量,估量。此处measured是形容词,意为慎重的。4.narrowly熟义:adv. 狭隘地。此处表示勉强地。5.rise熟义:v.上升,上涨

29、,升起。此处表示发源,起源,极易理解为上涨。6.smooth熟义:adj. 平整的,平坦的,光滑的。在(1)中smooth作动词,表示使平坦;在(2)中作动词,smooth over表示缓和;在(3)中作形容词,表示平稳的。7.spot熟义:n.斑点,污渍。此处作动词,表示看见,看到。8.urge熟义:v.敦促,竭力主张。此处表示驱使,迫使,类似于force。五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空不规则变化1.banbannedbanned。所填词在句中作谓语,且与主语he构成被动关系,又根据caused可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,填was banned。2.buryburiedburied。

30、所填词在句中作主语补足语,表示状态,且bury与主语He之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填过去分词buried。3.destroydestroyeddestroyed。所填词在句中作谓语,主语与destroy之间为被动关系,再根据句中的时间状语in 1937可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was destroyed。应注意destroy为元音字母+y结尾的单词,其过去式和过去分词都是直接加-ed,不能将y变为i。4.lightlitlit。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式lit。5.occuroccurredoccurred。由主句的时态可知,从句谓语应用一般过去时,故填过去式occurred。6

31、.riseroserisen。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式rose。注意此处rise用作不及物动词,不用被动语态。7.shakeshookshaken。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式shook。8.strikestruckstruck。所填词作谓语,由was可知,此处用一般过去时,故填struck。9.traptrappedtrapped。所填词在句中作后置定语,修饰elderly people,应填过去分词trapped。六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子写作1.In recent years, peoples irresponsible activities and natural disa

32、sters such as hurricanes and extreme weather have done great harm to us. Therefore, we should live in harmony with nature and take good care of the earth, making it a better home.2.Advocating low-carbon travel in the near neighborhood greatly affected my life.3.Excessive hunting and killing have aff

33、ected the number of wild animals; some animals have died out and others are in danger. Fortunately, the government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of positive measures. We should try to protect the environment, and only in this way can we successfully prevent the situation from getting worse.