高中英语语法——宾语从句和表语从句（34张PPT）.ppt

1、名词性从句中宾语从句和表语从句3、引导连词：that,whether,if,as if。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which2、连接副词：when,where,why,how宾语从句三要素1.Martin never learnt who he was.2.The police asked whose car was stolen.3.I dont know wh

2、om the vaze belongs to.4.She did not know what had happened.5.-could you do me a favor?-It depends on what it is.6.I dont know which country he comes from.1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which2、连接副词：when,where,why,how1.Can you tell me when the train leaves?2.He told me where Lu Xun once lived.3.Do you kn

3、ow why she got up so early this morning?4.He told us how they won the match.3、连接词：that,whether,if,1.He told us that he felt ill.2.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.3.I doubt whether he will succeed.4.I dont know if/(whether)you can help me.（1）that 可以省略（2）if与whether可互换（3）作

4、介词宾语时一般用whether宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分特殊疑问句：Who is he?陈述句：He is a student.一般疑问句：Is he a student?我不知道他是谁我问他是否是个学生。他说他是个学生。陈述句作宾语引导词用_无词义，可以省略.that he is a student1.He says _.that2.I ask him _ whether (if)he is a student.一般疑问句作宾语，引导词有词义,“是否”，不作句子成分.whether 或if3.I dont know _who he is.特殊疑问句作宾语，引导词用

5、_，必须作句子成分特殊疑问词1、I am sure _.（他来自美国）2、I dont know _.（他是否喜欢音乐）3、Do you know _.（她正在谈论什么）（that）he comes from Americawhether（if）he loves musicwhat she is talking about1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _(return)it already.4.He said that th

6、ey _ members of the Party since1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)will begoeshave returnedhad been rises三、时态(兼顾主句时态）1.I doubt _he is telling the truth.2.We never doubt _ the plan will be carried out.3.Does he doubt _ you are from Austria?4.Im doubtful _ he will agree

7、 to this.if/whetherthat that if/whether 中间有插入语或状语 多个并列宾语从句第二个或以后 介词宾语 it 做形式宾语1.He judged that,because he was a child,he did not understand it.2.He said he was wrong and thathe would say sorry to me.3.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others.4.We think it impossible that he can finis

8、h the task in such a short time.1.The Swede stood still,except _ his lips moved slightly.2.She is not satisfied with _ she has achieved.3.Mary always thinks of _ she can do more for the class.4.He wrote a letter of thanks to _ helped him.(任何一个)5.It depends on _we have enough time.6.Are you sorry for

9、 _you have done?that whathowwhoeverwhether what 1.Im afraid (that)Ill be late.2.We were surprised that he lost the game.We consider her suitable for the job.宾语宾补it不能漏从句后移1.We think that middle school students master one foreign language possible.(改用形式宾语 it)We think it possible that middle school stu

10、dents master one foreign language.2.We have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life clear.(改用形式宾语 it)We have made it clear that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life.1.Whether the meeting will be held tomorrow has not been decided yet.2.What matter

11、s most is whether we can finish it on time.3.It all depends on whether they will lend us the money.4.I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Beijing.5.I dont know whether to go to the party.表语从句什么叫做表语？He is a student.The problem seems puzzling.His job is to paint the walls.Her job is taking ca

12、re of the children.表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后。一、表语从句的定义：表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。The question is who will do it.系动词表语从句连系动词：be动词，感官动词，变化类动词，持续类动词二、表语从句的构成：（系动词）+引导词+简单句What I want to say is that I am tired

13、.引导词表语从句主语从句系动词(1)从属连词that、whether ：两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实际意义，但不可以省略。whether表示“是否”，不能换成if。1.The question is whether hell come here.2.My idea is that we should leave here at once.1.The problem is who can finish the task.2.Shanghai is no longer what it used to be.(2)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which等。在

14、从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分,有自己的词义。(3)连接副词 where,when,how,why等。在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成分。1.What I want to know is when he will be back.2.That is why I like Li Bai so much.3.The mystery is how the pyramids were built.特殊用法:1.because 引导的表语从句的结构.2.as if/as though引导的表语从句常在连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become 后面.My anger is

15、because you havnt finish your homework.It seemed as if it was going to rain.三.使用虚拟语气的表语从句My suggestion is that we(should)start at once.12312 if/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.8.I dont know _

16、to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether1.He told me _ he would go to college the next year.2.I dont know _ there will be a bus.3.I really dont know _ you should depend on if you dont depend on your parents.用适当的词填空，使下列宾语从句和表语从句意思完整。that/不填if/whetherwhom/who4.We think it necessary _ we take pl

17、enty of hot water every day.5.Tom is very lazy.That is _ he didnt pass the exam.6.This is _ we found the strange trees.7.My idea is _ we should all do our best to do everything well.thatwhywhere/howthat1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?2.I dont know where has he gone.3.The

18、owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?I dont know where he has gone.The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误4.I feel that a pity that he has made such a mistake.5.Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.6.You must keep it in mind you are a Chinese.Itthat主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。that