上海市金山中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期5月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）.docx

1、高二英语5月份月考（时间120分钟 满分150分）I. Listening comprehension (25分)Section A (10分)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. A

2、fter you hear a conversation and question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 10:30. B. At 10:50. C. At 10:15. D. At 10:40.2. A. She is glad to hear the news. B. She thinks the news is like music.C. S

3、he thinks the news is interesting. D. She is disappointed to hear the news.3. A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretary. D. Father and daughter.4. A. $45. B. $18. C. $27. D. $42.5. A. He got 90 this time. B. He will get 90 next time.C. He got lower than 90. D. He will get hig

4、her than 90 next time.6. A. He would like to go with the woman.B. He likes the womans favorite star very much.C. He doesnt want to see the womans favorite star.D. He has already seen the womans favorite star.7. A. After she goes to office. B. Before she goes to the supermarket.C. After she goes to t

5、he supermarket. D. Before she comes back from office.8. A. This Friday. B. Next Wednesday. C. These days. D. Next Monday.9. A. She thinks Lucy has no news yet.B. She thinks Lucy has some good news.C. She thinks everything is OK with Lucy.D. She thinks there is something wrong with Lucy.10. A. At sch

6、ool. B. At a station. C. In a shop. D. In a bank.Section B (15分)Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the

7、questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In Mesopotamia. B. In Australia. C. In Egypt. D. I

8、n Babylon.12. A. To show peoples respect for Gods.B. To make the ritual rather unique.C. To mark the birth of New Years celebration.D. To prepare for the New Year and a new spring.13. A. The origin of New Years celebrations. B. Different customs of celebrating New Year.C. The reasons for celebrating

9、 New Year. D. Different times of New Years celebrations.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.15. A. Football. B. Motor racing. C. Basketball. D. Baseball.16. A. It is played by people wearing a shirt and protective clothing.B. It is played

10、by people wearing socks, football boots and so on.C. It is also played by women wearing helmets with an oval ball.D. It is also played by men wearing helmets and protective clothing.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. At her own home. B. At her parents house.C. In

11、the laundry room down the street. D. At her sisters house.18. A. He has just moved in. B. He will have his parents do the clean-up.C. He doesnt want to clean up. D. He has no time to clean up.19. A. See a movie. B. Have dinner.C. Go to the laundry. D. Visit Jacks parents.20. A. Its time-consuming. B

12、. Its not very clean to do laundry there.C. It charges too much there. D. The machines there sometimes go wrong.II. Grammar and vocabulary (30分)Section A (15分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a

13、 given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Communication technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study _1_ (compare) honesty across a range of communication media has fou

14、nd that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact _2_ emails are automatically recorded and can come back to haunt (困扰) you appears to be the key to the finding.Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca asked 80 students to keep a communication

15、 diary for a week, _3_ they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 percent of emails, 21 percent o

16、f instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face interactions and _4_ astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.His results _5_ (present) at the conference on human-computer interactions in Vienna, Austria next month have surprised psychologists. Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning t

17、hat _6_ deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接触) of emailing would make it easier to lie. _7_ expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.But Hancock says it is also crucial _8_ a conversation is being recorded

18、 and could be reread or not. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone. People are also more likely to lie when _9_ (require) to reply in real time than if they hav

19、e time to think of a response.Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For example, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees _10_ (encourage) to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work assessment where honest

20、y is a priority, might be best done using email.【答案】1. to compare 2. that 3. where 4. an 5 to be presented 6. because #since 7. Others 8. whether 9. required 10. are encouraged 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对多种传播媒介诚实度的比较研究，发现人们在使用不同的传播媒介时，诚实度是不同的。1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第一项对各种交流媒体的诚实程度进行比较的研究发现，人们在电话交谈中说谎的可能性是在电

21、子邮件中说谎的两倍。the first/second/. (n.) to do 是固定搭配，常用不定式作后置定语，修饰序数词或有序数词修饰的名词， 表示“第一个/二个/做某事的”，句中用不定式to compare修饰The first study。故填to compare。【2题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：事实上，电子邮件会被自动记录，而且可能会回来困扰你，似乎是这一发现的关键。分析句子可知，“2emails are automatically recorded”是名词fact的同位语从句，对其内容进行解释说明，从句成分和句意完整，应用连词that引导该从句。故填that。【3题详解】考查定语

22、从句。句意：伊萨卡康奈尔大学的杰夫汉考克要求80名学生记录一周的交流日记，记录他们超过10分钟的对话或电子邮件交流的次数，并坦白自己说了多少谎。结合句意，分析句子结构可知，此处包含一个定语从句，修饰先行词a communication diary，先行词在定语从句中表示“在交流日记中”，充当“模糊地点”，应用关系副词where引导该定语从句。故填where。【4题详解】考查冠词。句意：他发现，在电子邮件中，说谎占14%，即时信息占21%，面对面交流占27%，电话中说谎达到37%，这一比例惊人。根据句意和形容词astonishing可知，此处表示“一项惊人的比例”，应用不定冠词修饰名词perce

23、nt，又因astonishing读音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的研究结果将于下个月在奥地利维也纳举行的人机交互会议上发表，这让心理学家感到惊讶。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词have surprised，present应用非谓语动词，结合句意中的“下个月”可知，此处应用动词不定式表将来，作名词results的后置定语，又因为present与逻辑主语his results之间为被动关系，所以此处用动词不定式的被动式to be done。故填to be presented.【6题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：一些人认为电子邮件是最大的说谎者，因为

24、欺骗会让人不舒服，电子邮件的非直接接触特点会让说谎更容易。分析句子可知“that6deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接触) of emailing would make it easier to lie.”是宾语从句，该宾语从句本身也是主从复合句，“deception makes people uncomfortable”是“the detachment (非直接接触) of emailing would make it easier to lie.”的原因，应用从属连词because或since引导该原因状语从句

25、。故填because或since。【7题详解】考查代词。句意：另一些人则认为人们在面对面的交流中会更多地说谎，因为我们最擅长这种交流形式。根据上一句句意，即第6小题句意可知，提出了“some(一些人)”的观点，本题空处缺少主语，结合句意可知，表述的是“另一些人”的观点，所以应用代词others(另一些人)作主语，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Others。【8题详解】考查主语从句。句意：但汉考克说，对话是否被录音和是否可以重新阅读也至关重要。分析句子可知，此处包含一个主语从句，it作形式主语，代替后移的主语从句，结合句意和or not可知，此处应用whether(是否)引导主语从句。故填whe

26、ther。【9题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：人们在被要求即时回复时，也比在有时间思考如何回复时更容易撒谎。结合句意分析句子可知，此处为when引导的时间状语从句，原句为：when people are required to reply in real time than if they have time to think of a response，从句主语与主句主语相同，且含有be动词are，符合状语从句省略条件，省略主语和be动词后，保留过去分词required。故填required。【10题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：例如，电话可能是销售的最佳媒介，因为员工被鼓励夸大事实。分析句

27、子可知，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，且encourage与主语employees之间为被动关系，所以谓语动词用一般现在时的被动语态，又因主语employees为复数，be动词用are。故填are encouraged。Section B (15分)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. aired B.

28、assembled C. costly D. encouraging E. explosion F. hiddenG. instinctively H. passion I. poured J. single-handedly K. stressA Hollywood Happy Ending for Movie Theater OwnerCraig Smith is living a true Hollywood happy ending. “I got a Frank Capra life here, you know,” said Smith, owner of the Firehous

29、e Theater in tiny Kingston, Washington.In a report broadcast, the 65-year-old talked with correspondent Lee Cowan about his _11_ for movies, and about using his life savings 10 years ago to turn a former firehouse into a two-screen movie theater the only cinema in town.But running a movie house virt

30、ually _12_ isnt easy; and the conversion from 35 mm film to digital projection was _13_ Smith had to use credit cards and renegotiate his lease (租约). When he ran out of cash he stopped taking a paycheck to keep the place running. The _14_ brought him a heart attack one day while he was up in the pro

31、jection room.Fans of the Firehouse Theater have _15_ around Smith to volunteer, and set up a GoFundMe page to raise money to support Smiths business. Theyd raised about $6,000 by the time Cowans report _16_ Sunday.Within 90 minutes of the broadcast, thousands of donations _17_ in from Sunday Morning

32、 viewers, topping $100,000. By Tuesday the total was more than $182,000, from about 4,700 donors around the world, many in amounts of $10, $15 or $25. “Love your spirit and community determination,” one donor wrote.Among the donations were such _18_ comments as this: “Our children set aside a part o

33、f birthday and gift money for donations and wanted to support the theater after watching CBS Sunday Morning. Good luck!”Shortly after the _19_ of goodwill on GoFundMe, the Seattle Times reported on the Firehouses changing fortunes. Smith said he was moved by the response. In a note to Sunday Morning

34、 producer, Smith said, “You are all like angels blessing small people like me _20_ away in this beautiful country.”【答案】11. H 12. J 13. C 14. K 15. B 16. A 17. I 18. D 19. E 20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了华盛顿州的一个小城市Kingston唯一的一家电影院老板Craig Smith出于对电影的热爱而苦苦支撑着这家电影院，电影院的粉丝们纷纷去做志愿者并发起众筹帮助他经营，Craig Smith深受感动。【

35、11题详解】考查名词。句意：在一次广播报道中，65岁的他与记者Lee Cowan谈论了他对电影的热情，以及10年前他用毕生积蓄把一个原来的消防站变成了一个有两个屏幕的电影院，这是镇上唯一的电影院。空处应填名词作宾语，根据“using his life savings 10 years ago to turn a former firehouse into a two-screen movie theater the only cinema in town(10年前他用毕生积蓄把一个原来的消防站变成了一个有两个屏幕的电影院，这是镇上唯一的电影院)”可知，他热爱电影，名词passion“热情”符合

36、题意。故选H项。【12题详解】考查副词。句意：但几乎单枪匹马地经营一家电影公司并不容易；而且从35毫米胶片转换成数字投影的成本很高。结合句意及空后的“isnt easy”可知，single- handedly“单独地，独立地”符合题意，在句中作状语。故选J项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：但几乎单枪匹马地经营一家电影公司并不容易；而且从35毫米胶片转换成数字投影的成本很高。根据下文“Smith had to use credit cards and renegotiate his lease (租约).(Smith不得不使用信用卡，并重新协商租约)”可知，此处指“费用高昂”，形容词costl

37、y符合题意，在句中作表语。故选C项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：有一天，压力导致他在放映室里突发心脏病。空处应填名词作主语，上文讲述了他的经济方面的压力，stress“压力”符合题意。故选K项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：消防站剧院的粉丝们聚集在Smith周围做志愿者，并建立了一个GoFundMe页面，为Smith的事业筹集资金。空处是谓语动词，结合“to volunteer”可知，此处指粉丝聚集在电影院做志愿者，assembled“聚集，集合”符合题意，此处是动词过去式。故选B项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：到周日Cowan的报道播出时，他们已经筹集了大约6000美元。空处是谓语动词，

38、结合句意可知，aired“播出，播送”符合题意，此处是动词过去式。故选A项。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：节目播出后不到90分钟，成千上万的观众就捐出了超过10万美元的善款。空处是谓语动词，结合空后的“topping $100,000”可知，此处指“捐款蜂拥而至”，poured“倾泻，不断涌向”符合题意，此处是动词过去式。故选I项。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：在这些捐款中，有这样一些令人鼓舞的评论：“我们的孩子留出了一部分生日和礼物的钱来捐赠，在看完CBS电视台的周日上午节目后，想要支持剧院。祝你好运！”空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词comments，结合句意可知，encouraging鼓

39、舞人心的，符合题意。故选D项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：GoFundMe网站上的善心爆发后不久，西雅图时报就报道了消防站电影院的命运变化。结合空前的the及空后的of可知，空处应填名词，根据句意及上文观众纷纷捐款可知，explosion爆发，符合题意。故选E项。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：在给Sunday Morning制片人的便条中，史密斯说：“你们都像天使一样，保佑像我这样隐藏在这个美丽国家的小人物。”结合“small people like me”可知，此处指“像我一样藏在这个国家的小人物”，hidden“躲藏”符合题意，此处是过去分词作定语。故选F项。III. Reading C

40、omprehension (45分)Section A (15分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.On the mantelpiece is a sign saying “A home is not a home without a dog”. Next to it, in th

41、e couples living room, is a framed picture of a dog, which is itself nestled among _21_ dog decorations. The kitchen, where Laura Jacques and Richard Remdes four dogs _22_ play and rest, is similarly decorated. Upstairs is the couples super king size bed, roomy enough to _23_ two humans and four dog

42、s.Visitors to this house in Silsden, West Yorkshire are left in no doubt about the _24_ of dogs in the couples lives. Their four dogs will soon become six, when they bring home two more cloned dogs.Jacques works as a dog-walker. She has studied dog _25_ and has spent a lot of time volunteering at th

43、e Dogs Trust. The couple have just moved into a new house, one they bought because it has a lot of land for the dogs to run around in. One corner has been _26_ as a pet graveyard. Dylan, their eight-year-old dog who died earlier this year is to take the first _27_.When Jacques received the news from

44、 the vet that Dylan had died, she _28_ in shock and grief. “I couldnt comprehend that the worst possible thing had happened. I was just in total shock,” she says. “And then an idea occurred to me I want to clone Dylan.”The couple say they know how _29_ pet cloning is and that some will criticize the

45、m for “playing God”. But they _30_ that they are doing nothing wrong. “We have helped to make a scientific _31_,” says Jacques. “Arguably dog breeders are doing something _32_ but they are doing it for money while we arent. I can understand the _33_ around human cloning creating beings that dont hav

46、e a real mum or dad but the same thing doesnt apply to dogs. I know that some people will disagree with what weve done but I hope they wont _34_ us.”They accept that some people will say they are mad and wonder why they are spending $100,000 on the _35_. “We are not mad,” says Remde, “We are dog-mad

47、 though, and we both absolutely love all animals.”21. A. casualB. curiousC. obviousD. various22. A. fluentlyB. primarilyC. confidentlyD. quickly23. A. inhabitB. accommodateC. acknowledgeD. store24. A. strengthB. independenceC. importanceD. power25. A. conceptB. attitudeC. behaviorD. belief26. A. rel

48、easedB. reservedC. recordedD. reviewed27. A. plotB. careerC. styleD. technique28. A. absorbedB. collapsedC. withdrewD. immersed29. A. controversialB. boringC. ridiculousD. humorous30. A. realizeB. requireC. demandD. insist31. A. competenceB. understandingC. breakthroughD. explanation32. A. generousB

49、. fundamentalC. similarD. superior33. A. reasonsB. doubtsC. concernsD. instructions34. A. acceptB. wonderC. reportD. judge35. A. movementB. processC. searchD. difficulty【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一对夫妇非常爱狗，给他们的狗狗

50、提供了非常舒适的环境，并且因为爱狗，他们选择了克隆狗，虽然克隆狗这件事有争议，他们坚持自己的想法和做法。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在它旁边，在这对夫妇的客厅里，有一张镶框的狗的照片，它自己依偎在各种狗的装饰品中。A. casual日常的；B. curious好奇的；C. obvious明显的；D. various各种各样的。句中的itself指的是狗狗，它置身于装饰品中，此处用“各种各样的”修饰装饰品符合语境， 故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳拉雅克(Laura Jacques)和理查德雷姆德(Richard Remde)的四只狗主要在厨房玩耍和休息，厨房的装饰也

51、类似。A. fluently频繁地；B. primarily主要地；C. confidently自信地；D. quickly快速地。 句中提到，厨房的装饰也类似，所以狗狗们应是“主要”在厨房玩耍和休息。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：楼上是这对夫妇的特大号床，足够容纳两个人和四只狗。A. inhabit居住；B. accommodate容纳，住宿；C. acknowledge承认；D. store保存。 根据“super king size bed”可知，此处表示“可以容纳”两个人和四只狗狗，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：参观过这所位于西约克郡西尔斯登的房子的人都

52、毫不怀疑狗狗在这对夫妇生活中的重要性。A. strength强项，优势；B. independence独立；C. importance重要性；D. power力量。根据前文可知，这对夫妇给狗狗们提供了非常舒适的环境，以及第一段的标语“A home is not a home without a dog(没有狗的家不叫家)”可知，来到这所房子可以很清楚地知道狗狗对他们的重要性。 故选C。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她研究了狗的行为，并花了很多时间在狗狗信托基金做志愿者。A. concept概念；B. attitude态度；C. behavior行为；D. belief信念。 根据句意可知

53、，她对狗狗的事情非常上心，结合选项可知此处表示研究狗的“行为”符合语境，故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个角落被保留为宠物墓地。A. released释放；B. reserved预留；C. recorded记录；D. reviewed复习。根据句意结合下文“Dylan, their eight-year-old dog who died earlier this year is to take the first 7.(今年早些时候去世的8岁狗迪伦(Dylan)将占据第一块地。)”可知，此处表示“保留”了一小块地来做狗狗的墓地。 故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今

54、年早些时候去世的8岁狗迪伦(Dylan)将占据第一块地。A. plot情节，小块土地；B. career事业；C. style风格；D. technique技巧，根据上文结合本句提到“ their eight-year-old dog who died earlier this year”可知，为狗狗保留的墓地，它占了一小块。 故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当雅克从兽医那里得知迪伦去世的消息时，她在震惊和悲伤中奔溃。A. absorbed吸收；B. collapsed奔溃；C. withdrew取出；D. immersed 沉浸。根据前文可知，狗狗对于这对夫妇来说非常重要，所以

55、此处提到狗狗死了，她应是非常“奔溃”。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇说，他们知道克隆宠物有多么有争议，有些人会批评他们“扮演上帝的角色”。A. controversial有争议的；B. boring无聊的；C. ridiculous荒谬的；D. humorous幽默的。 根据后半句“有些人会批评他们”可知，他们知道克隆宠物这个事情是“有争议的”，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们坚称自己没有做错任何事。A. realize意识到；B. require要求；C. demand需求；D. insist 坚持。根据下文“We have helped to

56、make a scientific 11,” says Jacques. (“我们帮助取得了科学上的突破，”雅克说。)”可知，他们觉得自己没有错，所以此处用“insist”表示“坚称”，故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们帮助取得了科学上的突破，”雅克说。A. competence能力；B. understanding理解；C. breakthrough突破；D. explanation解释。根据语境和scientific(科学的)可知，此处表示克隆宠物这件事情，帮助取得“科学突破”， 故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可以说，狗饲养者也在做类似的事情，但他们是为

57、了钱，而我们不是。A. generous慷慨的；B. fundamental基本的；C. similar相似的；D. superior高级的。根据“狗狗饲养者”以及but后的句意可知，他们在做着相似的事情， 故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能理解人们对人类克隆的担忧创造出没有亲生父母的生物但同样的事情不适用于狗。A. reasons原因；B. doubts怀疑；C. concerns担忧，关注；D. instructions指导。根据插入语“creating beings that dont have a real mum or dad”，可知，这是一种“担忧”， 故选C。【3

58、4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道有些人会不同意我们的做法，但我希望他们不要评判我们。A. accept接受；B. wonder想知道；C. report报道；D. judge判断，评价，批评。根据句意提到“some people will disagree with what weve done”，所以此处转折关系表示希望他们不要“评判”我们， 故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们接受有些人会说他们疯了，并奇怪为什么要花10万美元在这个过程中。A. movement运动；B. process过程；C. search搜寻；D. difficulty困难。根据前文可知，这对夫

59、妇想要克隆狗狗，所以10万美元花在克隆狗狗的这个“过程”中， 故选B。Section B (22分)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in t

60、he passage you have just read.(A)In 1969, a ship carrying 90 passengers arrived in Antarctic waters. Since then, Antarctic tourism has increased noticeably. Nowadays, over 35,000 visitors a season came to the Antarctic during summer, with the intention of visiting colonies of penguins.That worries m

61、any environmentalists, who fear such quantities of people may be disturbing the penguins. However, a study published in Polar Biology by Maureen Lynch of Stony Brook University brings good news for penguins, tourists and tour-operators alike for the tourists visits are not stressing the birds at all

62、.The conventional way of deciding whether visits by tourists are stressful to the animals is to recruit a bunch of PhD students to observe those animals and make a number of behavioral observations when tourists are and are not present. This is difficult and expensive, for even PhD students need to

63、be housed and fed. Another choice is to sample the animals blood and analyze it for stress hormones. The problem with this is that catching animals to measure their hormone levels is stressful.There is, however, a third way, which is to look for stress hormones in animals droppings (排泄物). Dr. Lynch

64、knew from previous work by her partner that some stress hormones show up in penguin wastes, and that hormone concentrations in droppings went up shortly after animals were approached by human beings, and then returned to normal later. With that in mind, she decided to compare droppings from penguin

65、colonies visited by lots of tourists with those less visited.As the researchers expected, all collected samples contained related stress hormones. Contrary to their expectations, however, there were no significant differences between samples from different sites, regardless of the number of visitors

66、 those sites played host to. It seems, then, either that penguins do not worry about human visitors in the first place, or that they quickly get used to them. What is more, Dr. Lynchs method provides an easy way to monitor the situation. If a growing number of tourists put the birds under stress, it

67、 will be possible to advise tour operators to consider their business at less-visited colonies.36. What do we know about Antarctic tourism?A. It enjoyed popularity in 1969.B. It attracts visitors in all the year round.C. It allows people to see penguins.D. It had disturbed the penguins.37. The probl

68、em of the conventional method lies in _.A. the difficulty in recruiting PhD studentsB. high costs required in the AntarcticC. comparison of penguins behaviorsD. the huge trouble of catching animals38. What did Dr. Lynchs partner find about penguin waste?A. It contained certain stress hormones.B. It

69、had high level of stress hormones.C Its hormone level was unstable.D. Its hormones were at normal levels.39. What can we learn from the analysis of the collected samples?A. Penguins are afraid of visitors.B. Penguins are used to visitors.C. Penguins are hardly stressed by tourists.D. Penguins are al

70、ways under great stress.【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。南极观光游客增多，人们担心游客影响企鹅的生活，文章介绍了传统的检验方式以及这些方式的短板，提到一种新的验证方式，检验显示企鹅几乎没有受到游客影响。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Nowadays, over 35,000 visitors a season came to the Antarctic during summer, with the intention of visiting colonies of penguins.( 如今，夏季一季有超过

71、35000名游客来到南极，目的是参观企鹅群。)”可知，南极旅游可以让人们看到企鹅。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“This is difficult and expensive, for even PhD students need to be housed and fed.( 这是困难和昂贵的，因为即使是博士生也需要吃住。)”可知，传统的方式的问题是在南极地区的高成本。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Dr. Lynch knew from previous work by her partner that some stress hormones show u

72、p in penguin wastes, and that hormone concentrations in droppings went up shortly after animals were approached by human beings, and then returned to normal later.( 林奇博士从她伙伴之前的工作中知道，企鹅排泄物中会出现一些应激激素，人类接近动物后不久，粪便中的激素浓度就会上升，然后又恢复正常。)”可知，林奇博士的伙伴发现企鹅的排泄物中包含某种应激荷尔蒙。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Contrary to the

73、ir expectations, however, there were no significant differences between samples from different sites, regardless of the number of visitors those sites played host to. It seems, then, either that penguins do not worry about human visitors in the first place, or that they quickly get used to them.(然而，

74、与他们的预期相反，来自不同站点的样本之间没有显著差异，而不管这些站点所接待的访问者数量如何。因此，要么企鹅一开始就不担心人类游客，要么它们很快就习惯了它们)”可推断，从收集的样本可知，企鹅几乎没有受到来自游客的压力。故选C。(B)What to Do If Your Child Cant SleepSleep issues are not particular to infants and toddlers, but can linger well into the school-going age bracket. If parents have reached the stage wher

75、e their older child doesnt sleep well, they may feel resigned to the situation and its true that the older the child is, the more difficult it may be to change deeply rooted sleep associations and expectations but therere still some things you can do.Sleep strategies Explain: Talk to your child abou

76、t the changes that you intend to make. Do this during the daytime, on a walk or over lunch. Let your child be involved in the decisions to give them a sense of control over the situation. Ask for their input, suggestions and their own impressions of what they would like their bedtime to include. The

77、n rearrange the bedroom together, or simply choose the books and pajamas.Environment: Make sure your childs bedroom is a calm, safe place. Avoid too many distractions or stimulating activities in advance of sleep. Keep electronics and televisions out of the bedroom and limit their use at least 1-2 h

78、ours before bedtime, as using gadgets shortly before sleep can make it difficult for your child to “switch off”. If lots of non-sleep time is spent in the bedroom, the room itself does not represent the big separation that is sleep.Diet and exercise: Outdoor exercise and fresh air are significant co

79、mponents to healthy sleep, and at least one hour a day is the recommendation. Dont do this too close to sleep time though, as thats when you need to be helping relax your childs body, not stimulate it.A growing child will need good sleep, so they need three structured meals and plenty of water throu

80、ghout the day. But sugary or processed foods should be avoided. Allow them time to digest the food theyve eaten before having them go to bed, although warm milk can help promote sleep.40. According to the article, the underlined word “bracket” in paragraph 1 probably means _.A. a kind of basketB. a

81、particular rangeC. a kind of relationshipD. the name of an age group41. According to the article, why should parents involve their children in the decision-making about sleep issues?A. To strengthen their connection with their children.B. To warn their children that they should sleep well.C. To info

82、rm their children that some changes about their sleeping habits will be made.D. To make the children feel they have the ability to make their own decisions about their sleep issues.42. If parents want their children to sleep well, which food should they try not to give their children?A. Boiled eggs.

83、B. Candy bars.C. Warm milkD. Homemade dumplings.【答案】40. B 41. D 42. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章给出了几种关于改善儿童睡眠的建议。【40题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Sleep issues are not particular to infants and toddlers(睡眠问题并不是婴儿和学步儿童特有的)”可知，睡眠问题不局限于在这两个年龄段，下文提到“the school-going age(入学年龄)”可知，这里是指在入学年龄的孩子也存在这个问题，因此可以推断出划线单词在这里表示一种年龄范围。故选B。

84、【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Let your child be involved in the decisions to give them a sense of control over the situation.(让你的孩子参与决策，给他们一种控制局面的感觉)”可知，在改善睡眠问题上，让孩子参与其中，目的是让他们觉得这个问题上，自己是可以主导做决定。故选D。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“But sugary or processed foods should be avoided.(但应该避免含糖或加工食品)”可知，为了保障好的睡眠，孩子要避免含糖或加工食品。故选B。

85、(C)The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change, where a variety of factors has contributed to widespread m

86、istrust and misunderstanding of scientists and their research. The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.However, th

87、e importance of effective communication with a general audience is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for issues such as the genetic basis for a particular behavior or the use of animal models because in these areas, the public understanding of science can also influe

88、nce policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, with continuing scientific advances, more non-scientists will need to be able to analyze complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scienti

89、fic information among the public. Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape the efficient communication of scientific advances to the public. Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while st

90、icking to scientific accuracy. Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material. As a result, the basic information conveyed is difficult to understand or obviously wrong.Even though scientists play a part in conveying information to journalists

91、 and ultimately the public, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists. I believe that, at least in part, the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media. It exists because we underestimate how difficul

92、t it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.43. What does the example of climate change mainly serve to show?A. Adequate government funding is vital to scientific research.B. Government r

93、egulation helps the public understand science.C. The publics scientific knowledge can influence policy making.D. There is widespread public mistrust and misunderstanding of scientific work.44. Why is it important for scientists to build a good relationship with the media?A. It helps scientists to bu

94、ild a better public image.B. It helps them to effectively popularize scientific information.C. It enables scientists to better apply their findings to public health.D. It enables the public to develop a positive attitude toward science.45. What is the problem with some pieces of science journalism?A

95、. They give inaccurate or complicated information.B. They oversimplify peoples health problems.C. They fail to mention the scientific advances.D. They lack detailed information about scientific research.46. According to the writer, what should scientists do to communicate to the public more effectiv

96、ely?A. Interact more with the media.B. Give training to science journalists.C. Improve their communication skills.D. Arouse the publics interest in science.【答案】43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。本开篇指出了公众了解科学基本知识的重要意义，然后分析向公众普及科学信息存在的问题。科学新闻是公众进科学信息普及的主要渠道，但问题的责任不能完全归咎于科学记者，科学家也需要提他们的沟通技巧。【43题详解】细

97、节理解题。根据第一段的“The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions(公众必须能够了解科学的基础知识，以便做出明智的决定)”可知，公众必须能够理解科学的基本知识，才能做出明智的决策。再结合第段中“The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence gove

98、rnmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding(候变化问题还表明，公众对科学的接受和理解如何影响政府在管理、科学政策和研究资助的决策)”可知，普通民众的科学知识可以左右政策的制定。故选C项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific information among the public.(科学新闻是向公众普及科学信息的

99、主要渠道)”和“Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while sticking to scientific accuracy. (优秀的科学记者是专家，在坚持科学准确性的同时，让复杂的话题为普通观众所接受)”可知，科学家们通过媒体中介将他们的发现传递给普通民众，这也就是科学家与媒体建良好关系重要性的原因所在。故选B项。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Unfortunately, pieces of science jour

100、nalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material. As a result, the basic information conveyed is difficult to understand or obviously wrong.(不幸的是，科学新闻也可能过分简化和概括其主题材料。其结果是，所传达的基本信息难以理解或明显错误)”可知，科学新闻的问题在于它可能向公众提供不准确或歪曲的信息。故选A项。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“I believe that, at least in part, th

101、e problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media. It exists because we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication

102、.(我相信，至少在一定程度上，问题不在于科学家和媒体成员之间的互动。它的存在是因为我们低估了科学家与多样化的受众进行有效沟通的难度，而大多数科学家没有接受科学传播方面的正式培训)”可知，科学家要向公众传播他们的最新发现，必须提他们的沟通技巧。 故选C项。Section C (8分)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are tw

103、o more sentences than you need.Teacher RecommendationA great teacher recommendation can be an asset to your college application. But admission officers read hundreds of not-so-great recommendations every year the ones that, while positive, dont really tell them much about the students._47_ Read on f

104、or some advice from the experts.Choose wisely“Do not select teachers that just gave good grades or seemed to like you,” says Scott White, guidance counselor at Montclair High School. “Choose teachers who wrote extensive remarks on assignments you handed in.”“Every school has a favorite teacher that

105、the majority of the senior class is going to ask to write for them if you must ask this person, ask early,” says Avis Hinkson, dean of admission at Mills College. “_48_”Ask politely and early“Give the teacher the chance to say no,” advises Shelley Krause, assistant director, admission, at the Colleg

106、e of New Jersey. “The overwhelming majority of the recommendations we receive are positive, but we do occasionally see letters that the teacher clearly wishes he or she had not agreed to write, probably because he or she felt there was no graceful way to decline.”“Teachers and counselors are busy pe

107、ople; they have families and lives outside of school,” says David Bousquet, assistant vice president, enrollment, at Iowa State University. “_49_”Provide lots of help“Too many kids ask late and provide no resources for the teacher,” says T.K.Cellar, school counselor and department chair at Thomas Wo

108、rthington High School. “They need to provide the teacher with a resume, and a stamped addressed envelope with the due date clearly marked on the front or on a sticky note.”“_50_ Recommendations are always stronger when they cite specific examples of a students work,” says White.A. So what is the mos

109、t proper time to ask your teacher?B. However, you might think about asking another teacher who may be less popular and do a better job on your recommendation.C. Students should ask as soon as possible months and weeks ahead of the deadline if possible.D. To get a unique recommendation, turn to teach

110、ers who spoke positively of you.E. Save papers and assignments you wrote and give copies of them to the teacher when you ask him or her to write a recommendation.F. So how can you increase your chances that your recommendations will be “unique and specific”?【答案】47. F 48. C 49. D 50. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文

111、。一份好的老师推荐信对你的大学申请来说是一笔财富，文章主要就如何找老师写推荐信给出了一些专家的建议。【47题详解】根据上文“A great teacher recommendation can be an asset to your college application. But admission officers read hundreds of not-so-great recommendations every year the ones that, while positive, dont really tell them much about the students.(一份好的

112、老师推荐信对你的大学申请来说是一笔财富。但是招生官每年都会读到几百封不太好的推荐信这些推荐信虽然积极，但并没有真正告诉他们关于学生的很多信息)”以及后文“Read on for some advice from the experts. (继续往下读，听听专家们的建议)”可知，上文提到推荐信虽然积极，但并没有真正告诉他们关于学生的很多信息，即没有具体突出学生的独特性，可知本句为设问句，旨在引出后文的建议，故F选项“那么你怎样才能提高你的建议信“独特而具体”的几率呢？”符合语境，故选F。【48题详解】根据上文“Every school has a favorite teacher that th

113、e majority of the senior class is going to ask to write for them if you must ask this person, ask early,” says Avis Hinkson, dean of admission at Mills College.(“每个学校都有一个最喜欢的老师，大多数高年级学生都会请他为他们写作如果你一定要问这个人，那就早点问，”米尔斯学院的招生主任Avis Hinkson说)”可知，上文提到了早点问老师，本句继续就这一点进行说明，故C选项“学生应该尽早提出要求如果可能的话，在截止日期前几个月或几个星期

114、提出要求”符合语境，故选C。【49题详解】根据上一段“Give the teacher the chance to say no,” advises Shelley Krause, assistant director, admission, at the College of New Jersey. “The overwhelming majority of the recommendations we receive are positive, but we do occasionally see letters that the teacher clearly wishes he or

115、she had not agreed to write, probably because he or she felt there was no graceful way to decline.”(“给老师一个说不的机会，”新泽西学院招生助理主任Shelley Krause建议道。“我们收到的绝大多数推荐信都是正面的，但我们偶尔也会看到老师明显希望他或她不同意写的信，可能是因为他或她觉得没有婉转的方式来拒绝。”)”以及上文“Teachers and counselors are busy people; they have families and lives outside of scho

116、ol,” says David Bousquet, assistant vice president, enrollment, at Iowa State University.(“老师和辅导员都是很忙的人；他们有家庭，在校外生活，”爱荷华州立大学负责招生的助理副校长David Bousquet说)”可知，上文提到一些信并不是老师自愿写的，说明推荐信最好找那些对你有正面评价的老师。故D选项“要得到独特的推荐信，就去找那些对你有正面评价的老师”符合语境，故选D。【50题详解】根据后文“Recommendations are always stronger when they cite speci

117、fic examples of a students work(当他们引用学生作业的具体例子时，推荐信总是更有说服力)”可知，后文提到了把作业作为例子，E选项中assignments对应后文中work。故E选项“保存你写的论文和作业，当你让老师写推荐信时，把它们的复印件给他”符合语境，故选E。IV. Summary writing (10分)51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 word

118、s. Use your own words as far as possible.In his new book Creative Intelligence, Bruce Nussbaum, a professor at Parsons The New School for Design in New York, argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate. Not just for artists and musicians, he argues, creative intelligence

119、 or CQ for short is the secret sauce that separates the winners and losers of the business world as well.What is creative intelligence? Taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services. We are all born with a capacity to be creative, and we get it beaten out of u

120、s in the schools that we go to. We have to relearn it, and its not that hard.How can we be more creative? Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns. Its not a light bulb that goes off in your head. Before that light bulb goes off, lots of things are happening lots of ideas. We n

121、eed time to step back and make connections between those things. We need to stop being hyper-connected and deliberately take a moment to be mindful about what were doing.People often associate creativity with solo artists, but in fact, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.

122、 How so? Creativity is social. When you read books about creativity today, the narrative of creativity is that it is a brain function or its a genius thing. It is rare and comes out of the individual. But when you look at almost all the innovations that are meaningful in our lives today, like Facebo

123、ok and Google, they are all done by two or three people. All the innovators have a buddy. Creativity comes out of small teams of twos or sixes. Its probably not really required to have everyone in the office, but you do need certain people interacting.【答案】Professor Bruce Nussbaum argues that creativ

124、ity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate. Creative intelligence is taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services. Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns. Although people often associate creativity with solo artists, coopera

125、tion cultivates creativity more often than working alone.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，Bruce Nussbaum教授认为，创造力是一种被低估的技能，但任何人都可以培养这种技能。创造性智慧是将原创想法转化为新产品和服务的创造。创造力就是建立联系，发现规律。虽然人们经常把创造力与独唱艺术家联系在一起，但合作往往比独自工作更能培养创造力。【详解】1.要点摘录 In his new book Creative Intelligence, Bruce Nussbaum, a professor at Parsons The Ne

126、w School for Design in New York, argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate.What is creative intelligence? Taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services.How can we be more creative? Creativity is all about making connections and s

127、eeing patterns.People often associate creativity with solo artists, but in fact, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句Professor Bruce Nussbaum argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate. Creative intell

128、igence is taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services. Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns. Although people often associate creativity with solo artists, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.【点睛】高分句型1 Pro

129、fessor Bruce Nussbaum argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate.运用that引导定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。高分句型2 Although people often associate creativity with solo artists, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.用although引导让步状语从句对最后第一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。V. Translatio

130、n (3+3+4+5=15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 先进的技术意味着学生们可以根据自己的需求定制课程。(tailor)（汉译英）【答案】Advanced technology means students can tailor courses to their needs.【解析】【详解】考查动词和宾语从句。主语为“先进的技术”用形容词advanced(先进的)作定语修饰名词technology(技术)，techn

131、ology为不可数名词，用原形；谓语“意味着”用动词mean，句意描述客观情况，时态用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用三单means，后接宾语从句“学生们可以根据自己的需求定制课程”，从句主语为students(学生们)，表示“可以做”用情态动词can加动词原形，表示“定制”用动词短语tailor sth to，宾语为“课程”用名词复数courses，表示“需求”用名词复数needs，宾语从句句意和成分完整，省略引导词that，故翻译为：Advanced technology means students can tailor courses to their needs.53. 只有

132、下令禁止这些活动，才能解决由此产生的冲突。(impose) （汉译英）【答案】Only by imposing bans on these activities, can the resulting conflict be resolved.【解析】【详解】考查动词，名词，非谓语动词，倒装句，被动语态。表示“下令禁止”英文表达为“impose bans on”，“活动”英文表达为“activity”，“冲突”英文表达为“conflict”，“解决”英文表达为“resolved”，根据句意可知“由此产生的”可使用非谓语动词作前置定语，“由此产生的冲突”英文表达为“the resulting co

133、nflict”；根据句意可知，此处可使用only+状语至于句首，部分倒装的形式。因主语conflict与动词resolve是被动关系，因此需使用被动语态。故翻译为Only by imposing bans on these activities, can the resulting conflict be resolved.54. 接下来作者不仅会探讨如何恢复公众的文化自信，还会详述此过程中需要考虑的实际问题。(Not only) （汉译英）【答案】Next, not only will the author discuss how to restore the publics cultura

134、l confidence, but also elaborate on the practical problems that need to be considered in this process.【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。结合句意表示“不仅而且”句型为not onlybut also，位于句首not only部分需用部分倒装；主语为the author；表示“探讨如何恢复公众的文化自信”翻译为discuss how to restore the publics cultural confidence；表示“此过程中”短语为in this process；表示“详述需要考虑的实

135、际问题”翻译为elaborate on the practical problems that need to be considered，指物的关系代词that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。句子用一般将来时。故翻译为Next, not only will the author discuss how to restore the publics cultural confidence, but also elaborate on the practical problems that need to be considered in this process.55. 在过去的几十年里，人们不

136、遗余力地救助濒危动物，其中的许多已经可以回归大自然，而不是继续被限制在人造区域内。(restrict) （汉译英）【答案】Over the past few decades, people have spared no effort to rescue endangered animals, many of which have been able to return to nature rather than continue to be restricted to man-made areas.【解析】【详解】考查动词，名词和固定搭配。表示“在过去的几十年里”短语为over the pas

137、t few decades；表示“不遗余力”短语为spare no effort to do sth.；表示“救助濒危动物”短语为rescue endangered animals；表示“回归大自然”短语为return to nature；表示“而不是”短语为rather than；表示“继续做某事”短语为continue to do sth.；表示“被限制在某地”短语为be restricted to some place；表示“人造区域”短语为man-made areas。因句中时间状语是“在过去几十年里”，因此用现在完成时；“其中许多”指前文的“濒危动物”，因此可用非限制性定语从句，用m

138、any of which引导。故翻译为Over the past few decades, people have spared no effort to rescue endangered animals, many of which have been able to return to nature rather than continue to be restricted to man-made areas。VI. Guided writing (25分)56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words acco

139、rding to the instructions given below in Chinese.你的同学李华开始居家学习后作息混乱，时间安排很不合理。你得知此情况后很担心她，请给她写封邮件，内容包括：1) 作息混乱的危害；2) 有关如何自控自律、合理安排作息的建议。_【答案】Dear Li Hua,Im sorry to hear that you are having a chaotic daily schedule caused by taking online classes. Concerned about your health, I lose no time writing th

140、is e-mail to offer you some advice. As we all know, an unstable schedule not only affects your body clock but also harms your organs, thus causing sleep disorder and other diseases. Considering its great damage, Id like to give you some tips on how to arrange your time properly. Initially, plan your

141、 day carefully and spend your time in a proper way. Making a plan and sticking to it is of great importance. Besides, you should cut down your screen time by doing moderate exercise, which helps you relax and concentrate better while taking lessons. Last but not least, its necessary to keep a balanc

142、ed diet.In a word, it is those who are self-disciplined that can stand out during the lockdown. Hopefully you can adjust yourself as soon as possible. Looking forward to your progress. Yours,Chen Jie【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给居家学习的李华写邮件，就他居家学习后作息混乱问题提出建议，并指出作息混乱的危害。【详解】1.词汇积累担心的：concernedworried建议：tip

143、ssuggesition减少：cut downreduce专注：concentratefocus2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Concerned about your health, I lose no time writing this e-mail to offer you some advice.拓展句：As Im concerned about your health, I lose no time writing this e-mail to offer you some advice.【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, an unstable schedule

144、not only affects your body clock but also harms your organs, thus causing sleep disorder and other diseases.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，not onlybut also句型以及thus doing作结果状语）【高分句型2】Besides, you should cut down your screen time by doing moderate exercise, which helps you relax and concentrate better while taking lessons.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型3】 In a word, it is those who are self-disciplined that can stand out during the lockdown.（运用了强调句句式）