2022届高考英语一轮复习题型组合训练（DAY 4） WORD版含解析.docx

1、2022届高考英语一轮复习题型组合训练（Day 4）今日训练内容：完型填空+语法填空+书面表达3篇一、完型填空Almost all animals sleep, but do they dream? We certainly cant ask animals if they dream, but we can at least 1 the evidence that they might. There are two ways in which scientists have gone about this seemingly 2 task. One is to look at their p

2、hysical behaviour during the various stages of the sleep cycle. The second is to see whether their sleeping brains work similarly to our own sleeping brains. The story of how we 3 how to look into the minds of sleeping animals begins in the 1960s. Back then, reports began to appear in medical journa

3、ls describing people acting out 4 in their dreams. This was curious, because during so-called REM sleep(rapid eye movement), our muscles are usually paralysed. Researchers realised that causing a similar state in 5 could allow them to explore how they dream. In 1965, French scientists Michel Jouvet

4、and J F Delorme found that removing a part of the brainstem, called the pons, from a cats brain 6 it becoming paralysed when in REM. The researchers called the condition REM without atonia or REM-AInstead of lying still, the cats walked around and behaved aggressively. This hinted they were dreaming

5、 of 7 from their waking hours. 8 movement is not the only way of looking into dreams, though. Researchers can now 9 look into the electrical and chemical activities of brain cells in animals while they sleep. In 2007, MIT scientists Kenway Louise and Matthew Wilson recorded the activity of neurons i

6、n a part of the rat brain called the hippocampus, a structure known to be involved in the formation and encoding of memories. They first recorded the activity of those brain cells while the rats ran in their mazes. Then they looked at the activity of the very same neurons while they slept. Louise an

7、d Wilson discovered similar patterns of firing during 10 and during REM. 11 , it was as if the rats were running the maze in their minds while they were sleeping. The results were so clear that the researchers could infer the rats precise 12 within their mental dream mazes and map them to actual spo

8、ts within the actual maze. Does the behaviour of cats in science experiments actually 13 dreaming? Do rats have any subjective awareness that they re running their mazes in their minds while they nap? We can say with a reasonable amount of 14 that the physiological and behavioural features of dreami

9、ng in humans have now been seen in cats, rats, and other animals. Yet what its actually like to 15 a dream if you re not human remains a mystery.1AforeseeBcoverCstrengthenDobserve2AdisconnectedBendlessCuncomfortableDimpossible3Amade forBtook overCworked outDturned down4AdialoguesBidealsCmovementsDme

10、anings5AanimalsBdreamsChumansDchanges6AimaginedBpreventedCappreciatedDwitnessed7AdisastersBactivitiesCsuccessesDfailures8APhysicalBAccidentalCHarmoniousDIndependent9ArandomlyBreluctantlyCunconsciouslyDhumanely10AsleepingBrunningCrecordingDstudying11ATo sum upBBy comparisonCFor exampleDIn other words

11、12AlocationBpredictionCmomentDnature13Aaccount forBrely onCqualify asDdiffer from14AdoubtBcertaintyCspecificationDmemory15AexplainBexploreCexperienceDexperiment二、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to 16 barber shop where I always went. That d

12、ay, along with the barber there was an assistant, who 17 (join) the shop recently.So I sat 18 the haircut. The uncle asked me how long I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had instructed you the last time.”He smiled. Before starting the haircut, he added, “19 if I keep it long?”I knew he was

13、joking. 20 I joked too. I said, “I cant guarantee what would happen to your shop then!”The moment I said it, the assistant shouted from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you 21 (take) us down, eh?”I admit I was too scared at that moment and the uncle 22 (stand) beside me was giving me an aw

14、kward look.From that day on, I completely stopped joking about anyones profession and works. It is one of the most important 23 (incident) in my life, 24 taught me to respect the profession and works of a person, no matter how small they are.Im 25 (gratitude) that the assistant responded in a way th

15、at made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a difference.三、书面表达假如你是学生会主席李华。你校学生会将于12月24号下午4点在学校报告厅举办英语短剧大赛。请您根据以下信息，用英语写一篇书面通知。要点如下：1. 活动目的； 2. 参赛要求； 3. 报名时间地点。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Notice_假定你是李华，清明节期间你校组织了一次“铭记历史，缅怀英烈”的主题活动。请你以 “Remember the past and honour the martyrs”

16、为题，为校英文报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：1.参加人员；2.活动内容；3.活动意义。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In our kitchen, there was a wooden table and three chairs one for Dad, one for Mom, and one for me. In the cellar (地窖), the very last jar of apple jam lay quietly on the shelf, waiting to b

17、e turned into an apple pie when Dad came back. Mom sat at one end of the table. I sat in the middle between her and Dad. I tried not to look at Dads empty place. Dad had gone to the city to look for work for a long time.Every night, I lay awake in bed and waited for the train to stop. Waited to hear

18、 the creaky (嘎吱作响的) gate Dads going to fix when he came home. Waited to hear the sound of his work boots dropping on the step by the kitchen door, and his voice calling, “Im home!”Every night, as I lay there, I stared at the window and the curtains Mom made from empty flour sacks (麻布袋).Every night,

19、Mom came to kiss me good-night after the trains gone by. She had been listening, too. “Go to sleep. Your dad will be home soon. Maybe for Thanksgiving.”Time dragging by, it finally came the day before Thanksgiving. I went to sleep with the sound of train wheels in my head, whispering, “Maybe tomorro

20、w, maybe tomorrow.”Early the next morning, the smell of coffee woke me. I ran into the kitchen. There he was! Dad lifted me onto his shoulders and pretended to stagger from my weight. “Hows my boy? Youve gotten so big that I can barely lift you up anymore.”He put me down, and I stared at the two sac

21、ks on the table. One said FLOUR I knew that word. I tried reading the other: S-U-G-A-R. Dad whistled admiringly and winked at me. Mom and I had been practicing my letters most days. I could see that Mom was pleased with me. “Im going to bake a pie for your dads homecoming dinner. Jimmy, bring me tha

22、t jar of apple jam from the shelf in the cellar.” Mom smiled at me.注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右:2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar._ “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears._2022届高考英语一轮复习综合训练参考答案1-15：DDCCA BBADB DACBC 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了观察

23、到动物们睡觉做梦的证据，科学家们通过两种方式来完成这项看似不可能的任务。介绍了研究的具体过程以及研究发现的意义。1考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们当然不能问动物是否做梦，但我们至少可以观察到它们可能做梦的证据。A. foresee预见；B. cover覆盖；C. strengthen加强；D. observe观察。根据后文“the evidence that they might”可知，此处指观察到动物做梦的证据，应用observe。故选D。2考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家们通过两种方式来完成这项看似不可能的任务。A. disconnected分离的；B. endless无尽的；C. uncom

24、fortable不舒服的；D. impossible不可能的。上文提到不能问动物是否做梦，但是可以观察到它们做梦的证据，所以是不可能的任务。故选D。3考查动词短语辨析。句意：关于我们如何研究睡着动物思想的故事始于20世纪60年代。A. made for导致；B. took over接管；C. worked out计算；D. turned down关小。根据后文“how to look into the minds of sleeping animals”可知，此处指研究睡着的动物的思想，应用work out。故选C。4考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，医学期刊上开始出现描述人们在梦中行动的报告。A

25、. dialogues对话；B. ideals理想；C. movements行动，运动；D. meanings意义。根据上文“people acting out”可知，此处是描述人们在梦中的行动。故选C。5考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员意识到，在动物身上产生类似的状态可以让他们探索自己是如何做梦的。A. animals动物；B. dreams梦想；C. humans人类；D. changes改变。根据上文可知，科学家主要是研究动物的梦境，所以是在动物身上产生类似的状态。故选A。6考查动词词义辨析。句意：1965年，法国科学家Michel Jouvet和J F Delorme发现，从猫的大脑中

26、移除脑干的脑桥部分，可以防止猫在快速眼动时麻痹。A. imagined想象；B. prevented阻止；C. appreciated感激；D. witnessed目击。根据后文“it becoming paralysed when in REM”可知，因为猫的大脑中移除脑干的脑桥部分，所以是可以防止猫在快速眼动时瘫痪。故选B。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：这暗示他们梦到了醒着时的活动。A. disasters灾难；B. activities活动；C. successes成功；D. failures失败。根据后文“from their waking hours”可知，此处是梦到了醒着的活动。故选B

27、。8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，身体运动并不是观察梦境的唯一方式。A. Physical身体的；B. Accidental意外的；C. Harmonious和谐的；D. Independent独立的。后文“into the electrical and chemical activities of brain cells in animals”提到了动物睡眠时脑细胞的电和化学活动，可见本句是在说明身体上的运动。故选A。9考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员现在可以以人道的方式观察动物睡眠时脑细胞的电和化学活动。A. randomly随便地；B. reluctantly不情愿地；C. uncon

28、sciously不知不觉；D. humanely人道地。根据后文科学家让老鼠走迷宫的方式来记录它们脑细胞的活动，可知，此处是以人道的方式观察动物睡眠时脑细胞的电和化学活动。故选D。10考查动词词义辨析。句意：路易丝和威尔逊在跑动和快速眼动期间发现了类似的放电模式。A. sleeping睡觉；B. running奔跑；C. recording记录；D. studying学习。呼应上文中“while the rats ran in their mazes.”指在跑动和快速眼动期间发现了类似的放电模式。故选B。11考查固定短语辨析。句意：换句话说，这就好像老鼠在睡觉的时候在大脑中走迷宫。A. To

29、sum up总之；B. By comparison相比之下；C. For example例如；D. In other words换句话说。根据后文“it was as if the rats were running the maze in their minds while they were sleeping”可知，后文“这就好像老鼠在睡觉的时候在大脑中走迷宫”是对上文“在跑步和快速眼动期间发现了类似的放电模式”的一种转述，即“换句话说”故选D。12考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究结果非常清楚，以至于研究人员可以推断出老鼠在大脑梦境迷宫中的精确位置，并将它们映射到迷宫中的实际位置。A. loc

30、ation位置；B. prediction预测；C. moment时刻；D. nature自然。根据后文“within their mental dream mazes and map them to actual spots within the actual maze”可知，研究人员可以推断出老鼠在大脑梦境迷宫中的精确位置，并将它们映射到迷宫中的实际位置。故选A。13考查动词短语辨析。句意：在科学实验中，猫的行为真的称得上是在做梦吗？A. account for解释；B. rely on依赖；C. qualify as作为；D. differ from不同于。此处指科学实验中猫的行为是否真

31、的称得上是在做梦，qualify as表示“称得上，作为”符合语境。故选C。14考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以相当肯定地说，人类做梦的生理和行为特征现在已经在猫、老鼠和其他动物身上看到了。A. doubt怀疑；B. certainty必然；C. specification规格；D. memory记忆。根据后文“the physiological and behavioural features of dreaming in humans have now been seen in cats, rats, and other animals”可知，人类做梦的生理和行为特征现在已经在猫、老鼠和其

32、他动物身上看到了，这是可以肯定的事实。故选B。15考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果你不是人类，在梦中体验到底是什么感觉仍然是个谜。A. explain解释；B. explore探索；C. experience经历；D. experiment实验。根据后文“a dream if you re not human remains a mystery.”可知，此处指梦中的体验，应用experience。故选C。16the17had joined18for19What20So21to take22standing23incidents24which25grateful【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述

33、了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历，作者从中认识到了言语的力量。16考查冠词。句意：在一个平常的星期天，我去了我常去的那家理发店。此处特指常去的理发店，应用定冠词the。故填the。17考查动词时态。句意：那天，和理发师一起来的还有一个刚到店里来的店员。非限制性定语从句中表示动作发生在“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had joined。18考查介词。句意：所以我坐下来理发。结合句意表示“坐着”短语为sit for。故填for。19考查固定句型。句意：在开始理发之前，他补充说，“如果我留长一点怎么样呢？”结合句意表示“如果将会怎么样？”可知句型为what if，句首单词首字母要大写

34、。故填What。20考查连词。句意：所以我也开玩笑说。上文提到作者知道对方在开玩笑，后文说自己也开玩笑，结合前后文可知为因果关系，应用连词so，句首单词首字母要大写。故填So。21考查非谓语动词。句意：你以为你是谁，能把我们打倒？此处为短语be to do sth.表示将要做某事。故填to take。22考查非谓语动词。句意：我承认那一刻我太害怕了，站在我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的眼神。分析句子结构可知stand在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语uncle构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填standing。23考查名词复数。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一个人的职业和

35、工作，无论他们是多么渺小。incident为可数名词，此处为“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”。故填incidents。24考查定语从句。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词one，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。25考查形容词。句意：我很感激那个助手的回应，让我重新思考了自己话语的力量。空处作表语，表示“感激”应用形容词grateful。故填grateful。One possible version:NoticeIn order to motivate

36、students to learn English and enrich their after-class lives, an English Short Play Competition will be held in the lecture hall at 4:00 pm, Dec. 24th.Each class is encouraged to perform one short play. Those who would like to take part in the competition are supposed to sign up in the English teach

37、ers office before Nov. 15th. All the students of our school are welcome to join in this activity. The top six winners of each grade will be given prizes.Looking forward to your active participation.The Student Union【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇书面通知，通知英语短剧大赛的举行。1.词汇积累激励：motivatestimulate表演：performact参加：tak

38、e part inparticipate in报名参加：sign upenroll2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：In order to motivate students to learn English and enrich their after-class lives, an English Short Play Competition will be held in the lecture hall at 4:00 pm, Dec. 24th.拓展句：An English Short Play Competition, which is aimed at motivating stu

39、dents to learn English and enrich their after-class lives, will be held in the lecture hall at 4:00 pm, Dec. 24th.Remember the past and honour the martyrsOn April 3, all the teachers and students of our school participated in an activity themed “Remember the past and honour the martyrs”.We arrived a

40、t the martyrs garden in our city at 8 oclock in the morning. First of all, we cleaned the whole garden, making it look cleaner. Then, the prepared flowers were placed in front of the martyrs tomb, and all the teachers and students observed a three-minute silence to honour the martyrs. Finally, the c

41、ommentator of the garden introduced some touching deeds of the martyrs to us. Through this activity, we have learned to cherish the present life, because it is paid for with the lives and blood of martyrs.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。要求考生就学校组织的一次“铭记历史，缅怀英烈”为校英文报写一篇英文报道。1.词汇积累参加：take part inparticipate in到达：reacharri

42、ve at放置：putplace感人的：movingtouching2.句型拓展合并简单句原句：We arrived at the martyrs garden in our city at 8 oclock in the morning. First of all, we cleaned the whole garden, making it look cleaner. 拓展句：Upon arriving the martyrs garden in our city at 8 oclock in the morning, we cleaned the whole garden, making

43、 it look cleaner.Possible version 1:Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. The next second I was in front of the shelf. I stood on tiptoe and took down the jar carefully. I could hear Dad and Mom laughing upstairs and Moms hands slapping the dough. Wanting to join them, I hurrie

44、d up the steps, and my foot caught on the middle one. I put out my hand to steady myself, but I tumbled down. The jar slipped through my fingers and smashed on the floor. The jam wed been saving and saving flew everywhere. Wrong-footed, I burst into tears and heard Dads footsteps closer and closer.“

45、Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. These words seemed to have magic and gradually I settled down. Through the shirt, I could smell the dust of the train and the city as well as that of Dads. How I wished I hadnt hurried. “Next time I will be more careful,” I thought to

46、myself. Having swiftly dealt with the mess, Dad lifted me onto his shoulder and went back to Mom. “Now out of the kitchen, you two,” Mom said, “Im going to bake my mamas sugar pie, without apple jam!” I followed Dad out and helped him fix that old creaking gate until Ma called us in for Thanksgiving

47、 dinner.Possible version 2:Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. “No problem.” I jumped at the request and rushed downstairs. The jar just stood quietly on the shelf, but it seemed a bit high. I climbed up the chair nearby and extended my arms as long as possible. When I just g

48、rasped the jar, I lost my balance and fell down. I couldnt help crying. What made me sad was not the pain but the jam now scattered everywhere. There came Dads footsteps and Moms voice, “Are you hurt?” I shook my head slightly. She helped me up and asked me to go upstairs. With heavy footsteps, I mo

49、ved slowly and tears welled up in my eyes.“Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. “But I ruined your homecoming dinner.” Sorrow overwhelmed me and I kept sobbing. “No, my son,” Dad smiled gently, “My homecoming dinner is not about pies, but about you and Mom.” Hearing this,

50、 I stopped sobbing, “But what can we eat tonight?” “How about an apple pie without apple jam?” Mom came upstairs and cut in. Dad and I exchanged a glance and nodded. After a while, I found myself sitting in the chair, but this time, I sat in the middle between Dad and Mom.(We can go without apple ja

51、m. Why not make a pie with apple jam?)(but this time, I sat with Dad on the left and Mom on the right.)Possible version 3:Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. “Yes! Madam.” I saluted, acting as if I were a solider. I ran downstairs as fast as my legs could carry me. After a wh

52、ile, I jumped upstairs with the jar in both hands, humming a joyful tune. But after I handed the jar to Mom, things went crazy. Mom was busy slapping the dough and asked me to pass her the sugar. Instead of scooping a bowl of it, I held the sack up. Just at that very moment, the sugar sack slipped a

53、way and all the sugar ended up on the mud floor. Realizing I spoiled Dads homecoming dinner, I burst into tears.“Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. “I meant to help,” I whimpered, “but. I should have scooped some of it.” Dad squatted down and brushed the hair out of my

54、eyes. “Next time it will just be fine.” I looked into Dads eyes and nodded. Dad lifted me onto his shoulder and turned to Mom, “Dear, can we make a sugar-free apple pie?” Mom, who had been watching us lovingly, replied “Of course!” and began to work on it. On that Thanksgiving evening, beside the wo

55、oden table sat three of us, I myself between Mom and Dad. Though sugar-free, the apple pie tasted sweeter than ever before.【解析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。所给文章为记叙文，以苹果酱和苹果派为线索。作者家的厨房中有一张木桌和三把椅子，分别是爸爸的妈妈的和作者的。爸爸出门务工，每当地窖中的最后一瓶苹果酱被放到桌上，等待被做成苹果派的时候，就是爸爸回家的时候。作者和妈妈每个晚上都在等爸爸回家。感恩节的时候爸爸终于回家了，妈妈要给爸爸做苹果派，并让作者去把地窖的苹果酱拿出来。1.段落续写第一段首句内容为“听到这话，我一两步走到地窖”。可知，第一段可描写作者听了母亲话后去地窖拿苹果酱的经历。第二点首句内容为“没关系，孩子，意外总会发生的，”爸爸说着擦干了我的眼泪。可知，第二段可能描写作者在拿苹果酱时发生了意外后，爸爸妈妈给作者的安慰。2.续写线索：急匆匆拿果酱摔了一跤爸爸安慰妈妈接着做水果派3.词汇激活：行为类：形容加快步伐/步伐很快：take the steps two at a time/hurry up the steps突然起来：burst into tears/ burst into laughter情感类平静下来：settle down/calm down