专题02 名词和主谓一致 -【口袋书】2022年高考英语备考系列（复习思维导图 必备知识手册）.doc

1、专题02名词和主谓一致考点1 名词的数一、 名词的种类专有名词普通名词国名地名人名，团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词二、 名词的数1. 可数名词的复数(1)规则变化情况方法例词一般情况加sstudents，teachers，doc tors，tables以s，x，ch，sh结尾加esglasses，dishes，boxes，watches但stomach复数形式直接加s，即stomachs以辅音字母y结尾变y为i再加esfamilies，babies，armies，bodies以元音字母y结尾加sboys，toys，pianos，photos以f或fe结尾大都变f

2、或fe为v，再加esthieves，wives，knives，shelves，lives少数加sbeliefs，proofs，roofs，chiefs以o结尾通常加sradios，videos，zoos，tobaccos有的加esheroes，potatoes，tomatoes【名师点睛】以-o结尾的下列名词要加es，它们是黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿，即Negroes，heroes，echoes，potatoes，tomatoes。但下列以-o结尾的名词既可以加-es，也可以加-s，它们是：zeros(zeroes)零，mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子，volcanos(v

3、olcanoes)火山。以-f或-fe结尾的下列名词需要把f或fe去掉，再加-ves，它们是为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半，即selves，lives，thieves，wives，knives，leaves，shelves，wolves，halves。但下列以-f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加-ves，也可以直接加-s，如：handkerchiefs (handkerchieves) 手帕。名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man 或woman和后面的名词都要变成复数。如：woman doctorwomen doctors(2)不规则变化自身有

4、特殊变化的名词child孩子childrenman男人mentooth牙teethfoot脚，英尺feetmouse老鼠micephenomenon现象phenomenamedium传播媒介media常见单复数同形的名词：Chinese 中国人；sheep 绵羊；deer鹿；series 系列；means 方式；works 工厂；fish 鱼；fruit 水果等。其中fish，fruit表示种类时，可加复数词尾，即fishes，fruits。 Some deer are eating grass at the bottom of the hill. Every possible means h

5、as been tried, but none has worked. 合成名词的复数形式：son-in-law sons-in-lawpasser-by passers-bystory-teller story-tellers【名师点睛】名词+名词时，仅将后面的名词变复数：girl student girl students 但是man/woman+名词时，前后都要变为复数：woman singer women singers2. 不可数名词(1)通常只用作不可数名词的名词：advice建议， furniture家具， fun乐趣；information信息，news新闻， weather天

6、气， progress进步，wealth财富，value价值等。(2)不可数名词具体化具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考的有：单词抽象名词意义具体化名词意义success 成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人高兴的事beauty美；美丽美丽的人或事物comfort安慰；慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物danger危险危险的人或因素delight高兴令人高兴的事 failure失败失败的人或事物surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情 shock震惊令人震惊的事情pride骄傲令人骄傲的事情Your contribution will certainly ma

7、ke the event a huge success.你的贡献一定会使这个事件很成功。物质名词具体化drink饮料two drinks 两杯饮料coffee咖啡a coffee一杯咖啡chalk 粉笔a chalk 一支粉笔hair 头发a hair 一根头发抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。例如：Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times. 在那些艰难的时期，能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。（3）“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词。能用在此结构中的抽象

8、名词有importance, value, use, significance, help 等。Its of no practical use to me.这对我没什么实际用途。The work I am doing is not of much value.我做的工作没有多大价值。3. 表示数量的词(组)与名词的搭配修饰可数的量词： a number of, the number of, many, a great/good many few , a few, several 修饰不可数的量词： a large amount of , huge amounts of, a great dea

9、l of, much, too much little, a little 两个皆可修饰的量词：some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of , quantity of考点2 名词的格1. -s所有格用and连接的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况，即表示各自的所有关系时，要分别在并列名词后加-s 或；表示共同的所有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加-s或。Toms and Jims rooms.汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间。Tom and Jims room.汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间。表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时，名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。at the barbers在理发店

10、at the teachers在老师办公室2. of所有格表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系；名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。the content of the novel小说的内容the name of the girl over there那边那位女孩的名字3. 双重所有格指名词of名词所有格或名词of名词性物主代词。a play of Shakespeares(莎士比亚的一个戏剧)a friend of mine(我的一个朋友)考点3 名词作定语1. 直接作定语, 通常用单数形式。college students大学生 girl friend女友 v

11、egetable garden菜园 basketball match篮球赛Lets stop by the book store on the way home.回家的路上，我们的书店停一下吧！He bought the shoes in that shoe shop. 这双鞋他是在那个鞋店买的。2. 名词所有格作定语。students books学生用书 Chinas capital中国的首都 the worlds population世界人口3. man，woman，gentleman作定语man，woman，gentleman作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式，但必须随所修饰名词的数而定。

12、He said that two women doctors would come to our village the next day. 他说明天有两个女医生到我们村子来。There are many men teachers in our school. 我们学校有很多男教师。4. 某些常用复数的名词用作定语某些常用复数的名词，当它们用作定语时，也须用复数形式。arms production 武器生产 clothes shop服装商店sales department营业部 a goods train货车 savings bank 储蓄所 foreign languages departm

13、ent外语系5. 单位名称、报纸、广播、电视等的标题中经常出现复数名词作定语。Learning Skills center学习技巧交流中心 The Boys Club 男孩俱乐部6. 表示类别时名词直接作定语还是用所有格作定语一定要严格遵守习惯。a peasant family/boy(peasant习惯直接作定语) a workers family(worker习惯用所有格作定语)7. 两种定语有时并存但意义不一样。women drivers女司机 the womans driver这位妇女的司机girl friend女朋友 the girls friend 这女孩的朋友mother ton

14、gue母语 mothers tongue母亲的舌头8. 名词与其同根形容词都可以作定语，但意思上往往有差别：用名词作定语时，表示被修饰的名词的质地 或性质；用名词的同根形容词作定语，则说明被修饰的名词的特征。gold watch 金表 (指手表是含金的) golden watch 金色的表 (指表是金色的，但不一定含金)考点4 主谓一致高考主谓一致的知识结构一致原则考点详解例句语法一致1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。His father is working on the farm.To study E

15、nglish well is not easy.What he said is very important for us all.The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.2. 由连接词and或both and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates.The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard

16、 the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers.3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than， besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。Mr. Green，together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the pl

17、ayground.She，like you and Tom，is very tall. 4. either，neither，each，every 或no +单数名词和由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。Each of us has a new book.Everything around us is matter.5. 在定语从句中，关系代词that，who， which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。He is one of my friends who are working hard. He is the only one of my

18、friends who is working hard. 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注：people，police，cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child.7. 由“a

19、 lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of +名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。There are a lot of people in the classroom. The rest of the lecture is wonderful. 50% of the students in our class are girls.注：a number of 与the number of的区别8. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。There comes

20、 the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts.逻辑一致1. what， who， which， any， more， all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。Which is your bag？Which are your bags？All is going well. All have gone to Beijing.2. 表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。Thirty minute

21、s is enough for the work.Ten miles is too long.3. 若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book.4. 表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式。One and a half apples is left on the table.一致原则考点详解例句逻辑一致5. 算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。Twelve plus eight

22、is twenty.Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.6. 一些学科名词是以 ics 结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics 以及news， works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。The paper works was built in 1990.I think physics isnt easy to study. 7. trousers， glasses， clothes， shoes，jeans 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a（the） pair

23、of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。My glasses are broken. The pair of shoes under the bed is his.8. “定冠词the + 形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。The old are taken good care of.9. a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。A large quantity of people is needed here.注意：quantities一般用复数。Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.

24、10. a great deal of, a large amount of 修饰不可数名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.就近一致1. 当两个主语由either or， neither nor，whether or ，not only but also连接时，谓语动

25、词和邻近的主语一致。Either the teacher or the students are our friends.Neither they nor he is wholly right. 2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。There are two chairs and a desk in the room.Here引导的句子用法同上。如：Here is a map and a handbook for you.一、语法一致语法一致：就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1. 单数n.，不可

26、数n.,不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数。His father is working on the farm. Time is money. To finish all the work on time is impossible. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.The children are in the classroom 2 hours ago.由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的 并列结构时，谓语动词用复数。What I bough

27、t were 3 English books. What I say and do are helpful to you.2. 由and 或both.and 连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are friends. Both she and he are Young Pioneers.如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就用单数。 The writer and artist has come.由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有each, every, no more than a(an), m

28、any a(an)修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Every student and every teacher was in the room. No boy and no girl likes it.3. 主语后面有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to

29、China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall.4. either, neither, each, every或no+单数neither/neither/none of 复数名词，还有some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter.Neither of the texts is interesting. None

30、of us has been to South Africa.5. 定语从句中，关系代词that, which, who 作主语时，谓语动词的数和先行词一致。He is one of my students who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6. 集体名词family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等，指整体时，用单数；指集体的成员时，用复数。 His family is a happy one.The whole f

31、amily are watching TV.The population of China is 1400 million.(人口)One third of the population here are workers.(人)people, cattle, police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。7. 由a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of 名词，或者是分数/百分数名词构成的短语作主语，谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。 The rest of the lecture is wonderful. A lot of t

32、ime is wasted. A lot of people take part in the meeting. 2/3 water is drunk by him. 2/3 students are absent.8. 倒装句中，谓语v.的数与其后的主语一致。On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts.二、意义一致原则1. 表示时间、度量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语，因为其在概念上是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Twenty minutes is enough for the work. One h

33、undred dollars is stolen from the ATM.2. 如果是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。The Arabian Nights is an interesting story book.one and a half 复数n.，谓语动词用单数。One and a half apples is left on the table.3. 算是中表示数目通常用单数（加减乘除）4. 表示学科的以ics结尾的名词作主语，用单数。Physics is an important subject in middle schools. Mathe

34、matics is the study of numbers. Politics, economics, athletics等。5. 复数形式的单复数同形的名词作主语，意义一致。 The glass works was built up in 1980. These glass works are near the railway station.6. 由两部分组成的名词，trousers, glasses, shorts, scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。a pair of 等量词时，视情况而定。7. The adj. 表示一类人，作主语时用复数。The young are us

35、ually very active. The old are lonely.三、就近一致原则就近一致：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。1. 当两个主语由either or， neither nor，whether or ，not only but also连接时，谓语动词和邻 近的主语一致。Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind. 他的父母和我都不能说服他改变注意。2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那

36、个 主语保持一致。There aretwopens，abookandthreepencilsonthedesk. 书桌上有两支钢笔，一本书和三支铅笔。Thereis abook，twopensandthreepencilsonthedesk. 书桌上有一本书，两支钢笔和三支铅笔。3. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。Here is a map and a handbook for you. 这是一张你的地图和一本手册。Such are the facts. 事实就是如此。4. 就远原则：谓语动词与前面主语一致。主语后面接连接性短语时，这种结构并不影响主语和谓语的关系，即谓语动词的数

37、与主语的数保持一致。此类连接性短语有aswellas，asmuchas，alongwith，with，like，ratherthan，togetherwith，but，except，besides，including，inadditionto等。Yoursisteraswellasyourparentsisverykindtome你姐姐和你父母一样，对我很好。She，likeyouandbetty，isveryclever像你和betty一样，她也很聪明。四、 名词+介词短语作主语 名词或代词后接as well as，with，along with，together with，except，b

38、ut等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。 She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。 He with his parents is working in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。 Nobody but you and me knows it. 除了你和我，没人知道。五、不定代词作主语1. 当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数

39、。 Each student has a book. 每一个学生都有一本书。 Either answer is correct. 两个答案都是正确的。 Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。 Every minute is important to us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。2. 当复合不定代词someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Somebody is waiting for yo

40、u outside. 有人在外面等你。 Is everybody here today? 今天大家都到了吗? Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。 Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。六、特殊名词作主语1. 国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。 The United States lies to the east of China. 美国在中国的东方。(国名) Engels was good at learning foreign languages.

41、恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)2. the+形容词作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。 The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顾。 The old are supposed to be spoken to politely. 跟老人讲话要有礼貌。3. 以-s结尾的学科名词，如maths，physics，politics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词，如news，plastics等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 Physics is very difficult for me to learn. 物理对我来讲很难学。 The news was very exci

42、ting. 这条新闻十分激动人心。4. 单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。 A Chinese wants to see you. 一个中国人想见你。 Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那边有10只绵羊在吃草。【注意】Chinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一国人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The Chinese speak Chinese. 中国人说汉语。七、表数量概念的词或短语作主语1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通

43、常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。 Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就够了。 100 kilometers is a long way. 100千米是一段很长的路。2. 加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。 Two and two is/are four. 2加2等于4。 Six times one is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。3. many a/more than one+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 There is more than one an

44、swer. 有不止一个答案。 Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。4. one and a half+复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。 One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。 One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里。5. the rest of. 短语作主语时，如果of后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果of后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。 The rest of the bikes are on sale. 余

45、下的自行车降价出售。 The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不见了。6. none of+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。 None of the dogs was/were there. 那儿没有狗。7. a number of+名词复数表示许多/大量的，其后的谓语动词用复数；the number of+名词复数表示的数量，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。 A number of farmers are standing over there. 许多农民站在那边。The number of the students in thi

46、s school has reached over 2，000. 这所学校的学生数量已达到2 000多人。8. a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词作主语，谓语动词由of后的名词来确定。如果of后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。 A lot of time is needed. 需要大量的时间。Plenty of workers are working. 许多工人在工作。八、动名词、不定式和从句作主语动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数。 Doing morning exercises is good for your body

47、. 做早操对你的身体有益。 To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危险。 What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在会上的发言很重要。难点剖析 一、名词类别间的互换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换例句意义名词性质She held someflowersin her hand.The trees are now inflower花儿个体名词开花抽象名词Youthis beautiful.He is ayouthof twenty青春抽象名词年轻人个体名词

48、They have achieved remarkablesuccessin their work.How about the Christmas evening party?I should say it was a success.成功抽象名词成功的事个体名词物质名词与个体名词的相互转换例句意义名词性质Ironis a kind of metal.Please lend me youriron.铁物质名词熨斗个体名词He broke a piece ofglass.He broke aglass.玻璃物质名词玻璃杯个体名词I bought a chicken this morningPle

49、ase help yourself to somechicken小鸡个体名词鸡肉物质名词抽象名词与个体名词的转换具有动作意义的抽象名词加用与某些动词（如：have等）连用，表示某一次短暂的动作Id like _ information about the management of your hotel, please.Well, you could have _ word with the manager. He might be helpfulA. some；aB.an；some C. some；some D.an；aThey sent usword of the latest happe

50、nings.消息（抽象名词）A. aB.anC./D. theCould we haveword before you go to the meeting?（个体名词）A. aB.anC./D.the类例：have a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a looktake a walk/a bath make an advance(进步)/make an early start(早点出发)/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(发出痛苦的叫声) /give

51、a try表示知识和时间的抽象名词转换为普通名词时可以用来表示其中的一部分Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today.A. a；/B. the；an C. the；the D. /；thea knowledge of truth(知道实际情况)give a fuller knowledge of China(提供关于中国更为翔实的知识)have a knowledge of shorthand(有速记的知识)If there were no examination,

52、 we should have _ at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest timeD. a much happier timeis money.A. The timeB. A timeC. TimeD. Times抽象名词转换为普通名词可用来表示“一次、一阵、一种”具体的行为、事件、现象或结果。这时名词前往往有形容词修饰Oh, John. _you gave me!A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surpriseC. What a pleas

53、ant surpriseD. What pleasant surpriseShe looked upwhen I shouted.A.in a surpriseB.in the surpriseC.in surpriseD.in some surprise其他例子：The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We have had some unpleasant surpriseIt is _ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.A. so unusualB. such unusu

54、alC. such an unusualD. so an unusual二、 主谓一致的其他情况其他情况例句and连接并列主语时，谓语动词常常使用复数；但是and连接的并列主语指同一人、同一物时，谓语使用单数。The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了(作家和教师指同一个人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)单数名词或代词+名词或代词+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along with/as well as /rather

55、 than/such as/together with+名词或代词作主语，谓语使用单数形式，如果之前的名词或代词是复数，则谓语使用复数。Mike with his father has been to England.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother，enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。the number of+复数名词作主语谓语用单数; a(good/large) number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。The number of the students is over eight hundre

56、d. 学生人数超过八百。A number of teachers are present today，and the number of them is 500. 许多教师今天都出席了，有500人。由两个相同部分组成的一个整体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，如chopsticks，glasses，shoes，socks，stockings, trousers, boots等。若此类名词被a kind of/a pair of修饰时，谓语动词用单数。The scissors are on the shelf next to the cupboard. 剪刀在橱柜旁边的架子上。A pair of gl

57、asses costs quite a lot these days. 近些天，眼镜的售价很高。当not only. but also.，not. but.，or，either. or.，neither. nor.等连接并列主语时，以及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。Neither Jack and I have seen this film.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影Either you or he is to attend the meeting tomorrow.或者是你或者是他去参加明天的会议。某些集体名词class, club, family, tea

58、m, group等作主语时，谓语动词采用意义一致原则，即依据名词的具体含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。The company has grown rapidly in the last five years.这家公司五年来迅速发展壮大。The family are celebrating Thanksgiving in this picture.在这张相片里，全家人正在庆祝感恩节。【知识拓展】如果这一类集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词使用单数形式，如果这一类词指的是具体成员，则谓语动词应该使用复数形式。【巧学妙记】主谓一致记忆口诀单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心

59、间。有些名词谓常复，people、police即这般。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。many a作主语也如此，谓语动词应用单。or、nor、but also、there be，近主原则挂嘴边。关系代词定主语，谓语根据先行词判。不定式短语、动名词，主语从句谓全单。时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见，rest，means，following等，意义决定其复、单。none，all，half of等，of之宾语定答案。还有分数、百分数，仍据of之宾定复、单。代词all指人谓复数，all指事情谓用单。量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。no，each，every后单名，两种事物一概念。以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。形容词带the一类人，姓氏复数加定冠，-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。代词neither，either，each，用作主语谓全单。22原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司