2021-2022学年新教材北师大版英语必修第一册单元检测:UNIT1 LIFE CHOICES WORD版含解析.doc
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1、单元综合检测(一).阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)ATeenagers who spend hours in front of the television may have a poorer diet as young adults.A study, which involved nearly 1,400 high school students found those who watched TV for five hours or more every day had less healthy diets than other students five year
2、s later. Why does this happen? Should the parents take any measures?On the one hand, people who spend a lot of time in front of the TV, especially teenagers, may snack (吃零食) more, and that may influence their longterm diet quality.On the other hand, TV ads for fast food, sweets and snacks make teena
3、gers eat more of those foods. TV time might also replace exercise time for some kids.The researchers found a clear relationship between TV time during high school and diet quality of the young. While the heaviest TV viewers were eating the most junk food, those whod watched fewer than two hours ever
4、y day had the most fruits and vegetables.As far as I am concerned, children should watch no more than two hours of television per day. And parents should set a good example by eating right, being physically active and curbing their own TV time.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了看电视时间和饮食质量的关系。作者给父母的建议是,他们不想让孩子做的事情,
5、自己也不要去做。1According to the passage, heavy TV viewers are easy to Aeat more fruitsBeat fewer vegetablesCeat less junk foodDeat more food high in calcium(钙)B细节理解题。由第五段“While the heaviest TV viewers were eating the most junk food,those whod watched fewer than two hours every day had the most fruits,vege
6、tables”可知,沉迷于电视的观众吃的是垃圾食品,但那些每天看不到两小时电视节目的观众对水果、蔬菜的摄入量最高。所以沉迷于电视的人很少吃蔬菜。故选B项。2The underlined word “curbing” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “ ”AaddingBcheckingCcontrollingDstoppingC词义猜测题。由最后一段“And parents should set a good example by eating right,being physically active and curbing their ow
7、n TV time.”可知,父母要做一个好的榜样,要积极地锻炼身体并且要控制自己看电视的时间。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出,最后一段中带下划线的“curbing”可以替换为controlling“控制”。故选C项。3What suggestion does the author give the parents?AThey must watch TV with their children.BThey should stop the children from watching TV.CThey should pay attention to nutrition in diets.DThey
8、 cant do what they dont want their children to do.C推理判断题。由最后一段“As far as I am concerned,children should watch no more than two hours of television per day.And parents should set a good example by eating right,being physically active and curbing their own TV time.”可知,就作者而言,孩子们每天看电视的时间不应超过两个小时,家长们应该通过
9、自己的健康饮食,积极锻炼身体,减少自己看电视的时间来以身作则。所以通过关键词“set a good example by eating right,being physically active and curbing their own TV time.”可以判断出,作者给父母的建议是,他们不想让孩子做的事情,自己也不要去做。故选D项。BIt is hard to say the first day of school in the United States because when the first day of school is and what happens on the fi
10、rst day of school usually are different by districts (地区)The first day of school for many school districts in different states is on the day after the first Monday in September.In some other school districts, school begins in midtolate August.For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in midA
11、ugust and schools in Cleveland, Ohio start back usually one week before the first Monday in September.The Boston, Chicago, New York City and San Diego schools start back on the Tuesday or Wednesday after the first Monday in September.Schools in Cleveland, Ohio used to start the school year on the da
12、y after the first Monday in September, but in the 19761977 and 19771978 academic years, the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms, extremely cold.In the 19781979 school year, the Ohio Department of Education moved the start of the year to late August, one week before the first Monday in
13、 September.This went into effect in the 19801981 school year.In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts between August 25 and August 30, and goes until the last week of May or the first week in June next year.In American high schools, the freshmen class usually goes back one or two day
14、s before the rest of the school body for an orientation (迎新) period.An orientation period helps the freshmen get familiar with their new school, its rules, and surroundings.In some schools, the freshmen classes have their photographs taken for identification purposes.Some high schools have tried to
15、make the first week of school fun for incoming freshmen.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定,因地区而异。4According to the passage, which schools start their school year the earliest?ASchools in Denver.BSchools in Cleveland.CSchools in New York City.DSchools in Boston.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For example,the Denver,Co
16、lorado schools go back in midAugust”可知,丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学,开学最早。5Why did the Ohio Department of Education change the start of the school year?ABecause of some political events.BBecause of the entrance examinations.CBecause of the increasing number of students.DBecause of the extreme weather.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中
17、的“but in the 19761977 and 19771978 academic years,the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms,extremely cold”可知俄亥俄州学校的学年受到暴风雪的影响,因而开学日发生了变化。6How many months does the school year last in schools in Utah?AAbout seven months.BAbout eight months.CAbout nine months.DAbout ten months.C推理判断题。从文章
18、第四段中犹他州的学年从八月底到来年的五月底或六月初推断,一学年大约有九个月。7The article is probably taken from Aa book about ones life storyBan official website of educationCan advertisement in a newspaperDa sports magazineB推理判断题。通读全文可知,本篇文章讲的是有关美国学校开学第一天的日期,应属教育类,故选B项。CWhen your alarm clock rings and you drag yourself out of bed,you p
19、robably wonder: Why on earth does school have to start so early?Fortunately,there is a new law to supportor better still,science.A law in California,passed on Oct 13,requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am. and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am. The la
20、w will go into effect by July 1,2022.Starting school at 8:00 or 8:30 in the morning may not sound like too big of a change,but it could mean one more hour of sleep for students who used to start school at 7:30 or even earlier.“The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40yearol
21、d adults,” Sumit Bhargava,a sleep expert at Stanford University,told The New York Times.He said that not having enough sleep can affect students mental health and increase the risk of being overweight and diabetes (糖尿病)In the short run,students school performances should improve almost immediately.K
22、yla Wahlstrom,a researcher at the University of Minnesotas College of Education,found that students who have enough sleep are alert in class and get much more satisfying grades.Some might say that asking students to go to bed earlier could have been a much easier solution than changing the school ti
23、metable across an entire state.But according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine,teenagers go through biological changes when they enter puberty (青春期),which makes it difficult for them to fall asleep before 11:00 pm.So when school starts at 8:00 or earlier,they can hardly get the ideal 8.59.5
24、hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime.This is why when the new law came out,its author,Anthony Portantino,said,“Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking action.”【语篇解读】文章主要讲述要出台一部新法律能让青少年有足够的睡眠时间以保证白天的学业成绩。8W
25、hich of the following is TRUE about the law?AThe law has not been put into practice.BThe law requires schools to start later than 8:30 am.CThe law will be passed by July 1,2022.DThe law is made by a university in California.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The law will go into effect by July 1,2022.”这部法律将于2022年7月1日生效
26、。可知,这部法律还没有付诸实践,故选A。9What does the underlined word alert in Paragraph 6 probably mean?AFriendly.BSharp.CCalm.DHonest.B词义猜测题。根据第六段中“Kyla Wahlstrom,a researcher at the University of Minnesotas College of Education,found that students who have enough sleep are alert in class and get much more satisfyin
27、g grades.”Kyla Wahlstrom,明尼苏达大学的一名研究人员发现有充足睡眠的人成绩更另人满意,由此可推断学生们在课堂上表现的也更好,思维更敏捷,故推断alert为敏捷的,sharp同为“敏捷的,灵敏的”。故选B。10For a better academic performance in the daytime,how long do teenagers probably need to sleep?AAbout 8 hours.BAbout 9 hours.CAt least 10 hours.DAt most 8.5 hours.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中So when
28、 school starts at 8:00 or earlier,they can hardly get the ideal 8.59.5 hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime.可知,要想在白天有一个更好的学业成绩,青少年需要大约9小时的睡眠时间,故选B。11Whats the main idea of the text?ALack of sleep could lead to health problems.BThe amount of sleep people need
29、changes with age.CA new law lets students sleep longer.DSleeping problems are leading problems for teenagers.C主旨大意题。本文讲述要出台一部新法律能让青少年有足够的睡眠时间以保证白天的学业成绩。C选项概括文章大意,中心思想,故选C。DChildren should do housework.Thats a controversial idea,though not everyone will admit it.A few parents will declare that their
30、children are too busy for housework.Many more of us assign housework,or say we believe in them,but the housework just doesnt get done.Thats a problem.For starters,housework is good for kids.Being a part of the routine work of running a household helps children develop an awareness of the needs of ot
31、hers,while at the same time contributing to their emotional wellbeing.One small study,done over a period of 25 years,found that the best predictor for young adults success in their mid20s was whether they participated in household tasks at age 3 or 4.Those early shared responsibilities extended to a
32、 sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.But for all that their help matters,few kids are doing much around the house at all.In a survey of 1,000 American adults,75 percent said they believed regular housework made kids “more responsible”Yet while 82 percent reported having had regular
33、 housework growing up,only 56 percent of those with children said they required them to do housework.Sports and homework are not getoutofhouseworkfree cards.The goal,after all,is to raise adults who can balance a caring role in their families and communities with whatever lifetime achievement goals
34、they choose.Housework teaches that balance.What should you do when getting children to do housework? Accept no excuses.Dont worry if you must repeat yourself again and again.If youre spending more time getting the child to do this job than it would take to do it yourself,then youre doing it right.Ca
35、n an allowance help? Maybe.But if youre trying to teach kids to share the responsibility of a home,paying them for routine housework is not the right message.【语篇解读】作者认为孩子应该分担家务,这不仅有利于培养他们的责任心,而且能提升他们的幸福感。而且家务能够让孩子在家庭和社区中的关爱角色与他们选择的任何终身成就目标之间取得平衡,文章最后说明一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。12What is most parents problem wi
36、th children doing housework?AThey are against the idea.BThey fail to put it into practice.CThey doubt the possibility of it.DThey are finding excuses for their children.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A few parents will declare that their children are too busy for housework.Many more of us assign housework,or say we
37、 believe in them,but the housework just doesnt get done.”可知,少数家长觉得孩子学业太忙无暇做家务,但多数家长即便认为孩子该做家务,实际生活中也没有很好地付诸实践。可知对大多数父母来说让孩子做家务存在的问题是他们没有把它付诸实践。故选B。13Why does the author mention the small study?ATo state the reasons for early success.BTo give examples of some successful people.CTo prove doing housewo
38、rk is beneficial.DTo suggest kids take responsibility for their behavior.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.”可知文章在第二段介绍了孩子做家务的好处,第三段用一项研究具体阐释了第二段的内容。该研究表明,孩子幼时做家务预示着成年后较早成功,因为做家务过程中培养出的责任感会迁移到生活的其他方面。可知作者提到研究是为了证明让
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