2021-2022学年新教材北师大版英语选择性必修第一册学案：UNIT 2 SUCCESS SECTION Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK .doc

1、1He who seizes the right moment，is the right man.Goethe谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。歌德2The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want，and if they cannot find them，make them.Bernard Shaw在这个世界上取得成就的人，都努力去寻找他们想要的机会，如果找不到机会，他们便自己创造机会。萧伯纳3You have to believe in yoursel

2、f.Thats the secret of success.Charlie Chaplin人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。查理卓别林4Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.Einstein不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。爱因斯坦5Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.M.Moore胜利是不会向我走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。穆尔Success means different things for different people

3、.Some may equate it with fame，some with wealth and still some with accomplishments.For me，it means fulfilling ones dreams.Whatever your dreams are，you have a goal there and then focus all your attention on it.Dreams bring you hope and happiness.In the process of struggling for it，you cry，sweat，compl

4、ain or even curse，but the joy of harvesting makes you forget all the pains and troubles you have gone through.So an old proverb says that the sweetest fruit is one that has undergone the bitterest ordeal.Should people stop once they have achieved something? No! In life，they are always trying to make

5、 things better or have more of the same success.Athletes are constantly striving (努力) to shorten time for races，increase heights or distances.The world of medicine has had its series of successes，too.Christian Barnard performed several successful heart transplants.Other medical experts have achieved

6、 organ transplants.Throughout the ages，mankind has found treatments and cures for cancer and other diseases.A cure for AIDS might soon be discovered.Success does not belong only to the rich and famous.It should be the goal of everyone.Many successful people have had humble beginnings.At work，we stri

7、ve for achievement，too.Success may mean organizing a conference more effectively and efficiently each year.Sometimes，it is not a pat on the back or the promotion that makes it worthwhile.The journey to success has its road blocks，discouragement and distractions.It takes great resourcefulness and ach

8、ievement to overcome obstacles and setbacks to move on successfully.探究发现1Why athletes constantly striving to shorten time for races?To achieve success.2What is Christian Barnards success?Succeeding in performing heart transplants.3According to the passage，who does success belong to?Everyone.Section

9、TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1.匹配词义A单词匹配()1.astronautAadj.obeying the rules()2.disciplinedBn.宇航员()3.enthusiastic Cadj.感激的()4.appreciativeDadj.最后的，最终的()5.ultimate Eadj.feeling or showing a lot of excitement and interest about sb./sth.()mitment Fn.the fact of doing sth.together or of working together towards a

10、 shared aim()7.cooperation Gn.寝室，学生宿舍()8.employee Hn.the willingness to work hard and give your energy and time to a job or an activity()9.dormitory In.家具()10.furniture Jn.雇员答案15BAECD610HFJGIB短语匹配()1.make senseA发迹；出人头地()2.get onB退出，脱离；辍学()3.drop out C有意义；解释得通()4.turn ones back onD赠送；捐赠()5.give away

11、E不理睬；背弃答案15CABED.默写单词1symbol n象征，标志2optimistic adj. 乐观的，乐观主义的3committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的4ambitious adj. 有抱负的，有雄心的5appreciate vt. 欣赏；赏识6hunger n. 饥饿，饥荒7guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的8professor n. 教授.语境填词hunger；guilty；professor；dormitories；optimistic；means；ambitious；symbol；appreciate；career1In this poem the buddin

12、g flower means youth.2They are cautiously optimistic that the reforms will take place.3Only ambitious students get the best marks.4The white colour is a symbol of purity.5You cant appreciate English poetry unless you understand its rhythm.6My uncle entered upon a diplomatic career at the age of thir

13、tyfive.7Three hundred people in this town are dying of hunger every day.8Bob felt guilty that he had not made an attempt to save her.9The professor adapted his lecture to his audience.10Most of the students of this college live in dormitories.语法填空之派生词1I felt guilty(guilt) about not visiting my paren

14、ts more often.2Thousands are going hungry(hunger) because of the failure of this years harvest.3I put a pillow on the saddle so that I could ride comfortably(comfortable)4Every single employee(employ) turned up at the meeting，even people who usually stayed away.5He was determined(determine) to give

15、his family a secure and solid base.6The government is committed(commit) to protecting the interests of tenants.7The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious(ambition) when we graduate than when we got admitted.8He was very appreciative(appreciate) of his colleagues support durin

16、g his illness.9Hes been out of action for 16 months with a serious knee injury(injure)10The meeting discussed how to promote cooperation(cooperate) between the two countries.1They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect，and the rest of their ti

17、me thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。2However，there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms of success in their lives.然而有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。3He was tired of being regarded as

18、living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.他厌倦了被认为是一个拥有一切的人，过着成功的生活，而许多人却一无所有。4They didnt have the chance to learn and get on in life.他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。5Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little m

19、oney made him free.詹森哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。词语助读become a millionaire成为百万富翁a symbol of success成功的象征ultimate goal最终目标dream up虚构，凭空想出think about考虑get the sense of success获得成功感look for寻找worry about担心work hard努力工作become wealthy变得富有make money赚钱lose the sense of success失去成功感turn ones back on不理睬；背弃o

20、ther forms of success其他形式的成功a college professor大学教授a fortune of two million dollars两百万美元的财产a small dormitory room小宿舍secondhand furniture二手家具take care of照料grow some vegetables种些蔬菜charity shops慈善商店appreciate this change欣赏这种变化be pleased to do.很高兴做某事give up放弃be tired of厌倦，讨厌regard.as认为是make the choice t

21、o do.决定做give all.money away把钱财都捐赠出去bring sb.happiness给某人带来快乐live simply过简单生活be helpful to others帮助别人millions of people数百万人die of hunger饿死have the chance to learn有机会学习get on发迹；出人头地feel very guilty感到很内疚without doing anything什么都不做give away.to把赠送给more than超过bank notes钞票homeless people无家可归的人a kind of sat

22、isfaction一种满足mean doing.意味着a wellpaid job一份高薪工作a sense of achievement成就感come from来自；出生于true meaning in life生活的真谛live comfortably生活舒适have no worries没有烦恼drop out of this kind of lifestyle放弃这种生活方式be much happier更快乐according to ones values按照某人的价值观原文呈现MONEY VS SUCCESSAngela Johnson interviews exmillionai

23、re Jason HarleyFor a lot of people，becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect，and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once th

24、ey become rich.(1) But do all millionaires get the sense of success they were looking forafter they achieve their goals？(2) Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires they worked hard to become wealthy，but then they need to continue making moneyso they dont lose the sense of su

25、ccessthey have achieved.(3)However，there are people who have turned their backs ontheir millions and found other forms of successin their lives(4)Jason Harley is one example.(1)句中they expect为定语从句，修饰先行词success，they will do也是定语从句，修饰先行词things，once they become rich为时间状语从句。(2)句中they were looking for为定语从句

26、，修饰先行词success，after they achieve their goals为时间状语从句。(3)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句，when they become millionaires为时间状语从句，they have achieved为定语从句，修饰先行词the sense of success。(4)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。Sixteen years ago，Jason was a college professorwith a huge sixbedroom house and a fortune of two mil

27、lion dollars.Today he lives in a small dormitory roomwith only secondhand furniture.There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful man(5)！There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees，which Jason enjoys taking care of(6)He also grows some vegetablesand a few flowers.He get

28、s his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops.(5)that引导同位语从句。(6)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fruit trees。But Jason appreciates this change.He is pleased togive upthe lifestyle of a rich man.He was tired ofbeing regarded asliving a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people

29、 had nothing.(7) He made the choice togive all his money away.And this，he said，brought him happinessand a sense of success in life.(7)句中while引导表示对比关系的并列句，第一个分句中who had everything为定语从句，修饰先行词person。“I dont need a lot of money.I dont want to buy more things.I have enough，” said Jason.“What I want(8) is

30、 to live simplyand be helpful to others.A few years ago，I was a millionaire，but I knew millions of peopledied of hungerevery year，and there were places with no schools and no teachers.So many people could never go to school.They didnt have the chance to learnand get onin life.This worried me a lot a

31、nd I felt very guiltybeing a rich man without doing anything.”(8)what引导主语从句。Therefore he gave away all his money tocharities.Whenever he had more thantwo thousand dollars(9)，he would give away small bank notesto homeless peoplein the streets of local areas.“It was a kind of satisfactionand a real se

32、nse of success that I had never felt before(10)，” said Jason.“Sure，many people think that success means havingmillions in the bank or a wellpaid job(11)But I think my sense of achievementcomes fromhelping others and finding true meaning in life(12)”(9)whenever引导时间状语从句。(10)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词success。(11

33、)that引导宾语从句。(12)省略that的宾语从句，其中and连接两个动名词短语作come from的宾语。Most people believe when they are living comfortablyand earning enough money，they will have no worries.(13) However，most people never feel they have earned enough(14)Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered t

34、hat having only a little money made him free(15)Are there any things he misses from his past(16)？“No，Im much happier now，because I am living according to my values(17)Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.(18)”(13)Most people believe后为宾

35、语从句，其中when.enough money为时间状语从句。(14)省略that的宾语从句。(15) that引导宾语从句。(16)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词things。(17)because引导原因状语从句。(18)句中how much money you have和how you understand the true meaning of life都作介词by的宾语。译文参考金钱与成功安吉拉约翰逊采访前百万富翁詹森哈利对很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为他们的最终目标。他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财

36、他们会干什么。但是，是否所有的百万富翁在实现他们的目标后都获得了他们所追求的成功感呢？有些人在成为百万富翁后仍然担心钱的问题他们努力工作成为富人，但之后他们需要继续赚钱，这样他们就不会失去已经获得的成功感。然而有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。詹森哈利就是一个例子。16年前，詹森是一名大学教授，拥有一幢六间卧室的大房子和两百万美元的财产。今天他住在一个只有二手家具的小宿舍里。没有任何迹象表明詹森是一个富有和成功的人！ 外面有一个小花园，里面有几棵果树，詹森喜欢照料它们。他还种了一些蔬菜和花。他的衣服和其他很多东西都是从慈善商店买的。但是詹森很欣赏这种变化。他很乐意放弃富人的生

37、活方式。他厌倦了被认为是一个拥有一切的人，过着成功的生活，而许多人却一无所有。他决定把自己的钱财都捐赠出去。他说，这给他的生活带来了快乐和成功感。“我不需要很多钱。我不想买更多的东西。我拥有的已经够多了，”詹森说。“我想要的是简单的生活和帮助别人。几年前，我是一个百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿。有些地方没有学校，没有老师。那么多人永远无法上学。他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。这让我很担心，我为自己是一个有钱人而什么都不做而感到很内疚。”因此他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。只要他有两千多美元，他就会把小面额的钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。“这是一种我从未有过的满足感和真正的成就感，

38、”詹森说。“当然，许多人认为成功意味着银行里有数百万美元或者有一份高薪工作。但我认为我的成就感来自帮助别人并找到生活的真谛。”大多数人相信，当他们生活舒适，并挣到足够的钱时，他们就不会有任何烦恼。然而，大多数人总是觉得自己挣得不够。詹森哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。他怀念过去的东西吗？“不，我现在快乐多了，因为我是按照自己的价值观生活的。成功不是看你有多少钱，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。”速读课文，完成下列任务.阅读判断判断下列句子提供的信息正确还是错误，还是没有提及：1Some millionaires do not get the sense of succ

39、ess after they achieve their goals.ARight. BWrong. CNot mentioned.2Jason Harley has turned his back on his wealth.ARight.BWrong. CNot mentioned.3Jason Harley is pleased to have the lifestyle of a rich man.ARight.BWrong. CNot mentioned.4Jason Harley has never felt a kind of satisfaction and a real se

40、nse of success.ARight.BWrong. CNot mentioned.5Most people will drop out of this kind of lifestyle like Jason Harley soon.ARight.BWrong. CNot mentioned.答案15AABBC.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：Abeing regarded as living a successful lifeBtaking care ofCbeing a rich man without doing anythingDbecoming a m

41、illionaireEhelping others and finding true meaning in lifeFhaving millions in the bank or a wellpaid job1For a lot of people， is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.2There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees，which Jason enjoys 3Jason was tired of ，as a person wh

42、o had everything while many people had nothing.4This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty 5Sure，many people think that “success” means 6But I think my sense of achievement comes from 答案16DBACFE.表格填空Angela Johnson interviews exmillionaire Jason HarleyMost peopleSet becoming a 1.millionaire as thei

43、r ultimate goal.Spend half of their time 2.dreaming up ways of getting rich and the rest of their time 3.thinking about what they will do once they become rich.Angela Johnson interviews exmillionaire Jason HarleySome millionairesWorry about 4.money when they become millionaires.Continue making money

44、 so they dont lose 5.the sense of success they have achieved.Jason HarleyHe is 6.pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.He gave all his money away to 7.charities.He thinks the sense of achievement es from helping others and finding 9.true meaning in life.He is happy to live 10.simply and be

45、helpful to others.细读课文，完成下列任务.主旨匹配段落主旨大意1.Para.1A.Jason appreciates this change.2.Para.2B.Jasons past and present.3.Para.3C.Jason gave away all his money.4.Para.4D.Jasons belief in life.5.Para.5E.Jason lives simply and helps others.答案15BAECD.课文理解1What do some millionaires usually do after becoming r

46、ich?ADream up ways of getting much richer.BTry to get the sense of success.CGo on making money.DLook for their new life goals.2How does Jason feel about the lifestyle of a rich man?ATired.BPleased.CExcited.DPuzzled.3What does Jason want to do now?ATo buy more things.BTo get more education.CTo become

47、 a millionaire again.DTo help those people in need.4What is Jasons opinion of success?ASuccess means having millions in the bank.BSuccess means having a wellpaid job.CSuccess means finding true meaning in life.DSuccess means living comfortably and freely.答案14CADC.读后续写微技能读后续写微技能(三)人物感受A阅读文中含有表示人物感受的语

48、句1Some continue to worry about money when they become millionairesthey worked hard to become wealthy，but then they need to continue making money so they dont lose the sense of success they have achieved.2He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.3He was tired of being regarded as living a

49、 successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.B判断下列语句中哪个不是表示人物感受的？1This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.2Therefore he gave away all his money to charities.3“It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that

50、I had never felt before，” said Jason. 4Im much happier now，because I am living according to my values.答案21determine vt.决定，确定determined adj.坚定的，坚决的determination n决心，毅力2discipline n自制力 vt.惩罚，处罚disciplined adj.遵守纪律的3commit vt.犯(罪/错)；承诺；保证committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的commitment n投入忠诚，奉献；承诺4ambition n雄心；野心；抱负a

51、mbitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的5appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识appreciative adj.感激的appreciation n欣赏；感激，感谢6injure vt.损害；伤害injury n伤，损害injured adj.受伤的7cooperate v合作，协作cooperation n合作，协作cooperative adj.合作的；同心协力的8employ vt.雇佣employee n雇员employer n雇主employment n雇佣，就业9hunger n饥饿，饥荒hungry adj.感到饥饿的；挨饿的10guilt n有罪；对罪行有责任guilty

52、adj.内疚的，羞愧的commitment n承诺；许诺；允诺承担；保证；(对工作或活动的)献身，奉献，投入；已承诺(或同意)的事；不得不做的事She doesnt want to make a big emotional commitment to Steve at the moment.承诺A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent commitment.投入Women very often have to juggle work with their family commitments.不得不做的事Words and Phras

53、esdetermined adj.坚定的，坚决的(教材P28) be passionate and determined about what you do对你所做的事情要有激情和决心例She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。知识拓展(1)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态)(2)determine vt. 决定；确定；下决心determine (3)determination n. U决定；

54、决心即学即练单句语法填空He determined to learn(learn) Chinese.We were determined to win(win) the game.I have determined on/upon spending my holiday at home.She has the determination(determine)to overcome all the obstacles to succeed.小片段填空My sister Lily has determined/is determined to go to Beijing University.Sh

55、e is a determined girl，so we know that once she has determined upon/on doing something，she will make her dream come true with great mitted adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的(教材P28) committed and focused坚定和专注例He is regarded as a committed supporter of a radical freemarket economics policy.他被视为激进的自由市场经济体制政策的坚定支持者。知识拓展(1)c

56、ommit vt.投入；使承诺；做不好的事commit sb.to (doing) sth. 使某人承诺(做)某事commit oneself to (doing) sth. 答应(做)某事commit suicide/a crime/murder 自杀/犯罪/谋杀commit sth.to sth. 调拨；投入(2)commitment n. 承诺，保证，承担义务即学即练单句语法填空Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to taking(take) out a loan.The council has c

57、ommitted large amounts of money to housing projects.It is an open question how long that commitment(commit) can last.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的(教材P28) enthusiastic and ambitious热心并雄心勃勃的例She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain.她对去西班牙更是不感兴趣。知识拓展(1)be enthusiastic about对某事热心be enthusiastic to

58、 do sth. 喜欢做某事(2)enthusiasm n. 热情；热心；热衷的事物即学即练单句语法填空He is enthusiastic about both study and physical labour.And as you can see，the children were really encouraged，and they were also enthusiastic to read(read) all of these books.Without correct leadership，the enthusiasm(enthusiastic) of the masses ca

59、nnot be sustained.小片段填空He was a boy of great heart and enthusiasmMy friend was an enthusiastic musician，who was enthusiastic about composing new songs.make sense 有意义；解释得通(教材P106)Yes，that makes a lot of sense.是的，这很有道理。例Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky ma

60、ke sense.只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能解释得通。知识拓展make sense of.弄懂的意思make no sense 无意义in a sense 在某种意义上in no sense 决不；决非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)theres no sense in doing sth. 做是没有道理/作用的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I cant make sense of this poem，but perhaps I will，if I read it again.In a sense，his suggestion is very practical.Pl

61、anning so far ahead makes no senseso many things will change.那么早计划是没有意义的那么多事情会发生变化。名师点津make sense的主语常是“物”，而make sense of 的主语常是“人”。小片段填空In a sense，the sentence underlined in the passage was difficult.He couldnt make sense of it.At last，the teacher told him it didnt make sense，so there is no sense in

62、analyzing its structure.injury n伤，损害(教材P106) Despite many injuries in his career，he always remained determined and focused.尽管职业生涯中多次受伤，但他始终保持着决心和专注。例The injury to their key player could be a decisive factor in the game.他们主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。知识拓展(1)do sb.an injury伤害某人do an injury to sb. 伤害某人(2)inju

63、re v. 伤害，损害injured adj. 受伤的即学即练单句语法填空Smoking does an injury to health.The injured(injure) man mounted his horse with difficulty.小片段填空The accident caused serious injury to the passengers.The injured were soon rushed to the nearest hospital.appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识(教材P31) But Jason appreciates this change.

64、但是詹森很欣赏这种变化。例I appreciate your help very much.我非常感谢你的帮助。知识拓展(1)appreciate (ones) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；鉴别；感激in appreciation of. 作为对的感谢；为感谢即学即练单句语法填空I really appreciate your thinking(think) highly of my work.I would appreciate it if you could give

65、me some advice on how to solve these problems.We would appreciate you letting(let)us know of any problems.名师点津appreciate用法需注意的两点：(1)appreciate后接动名词，而不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以“人”作宾语。(2)appreciate 后面若跟when/if引导的从句作宾语时，从句前应用it作形式宾语。类似用法的动词还有hate，love，like，dislike等。hunger n饥饿，饥荒(教材P31).I was a millionaire，but I kn

66、ew millions of people died of hunger every year.我是一个百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿例Around fifty people die of hunger every day in the camp.集中营里每天大约有五十人饿死。知识拓展(1)have a hunger for渴望die of hunger 死于饥饿(2)hunger to do sth. 渴望做某事hunger for/after sth. 渴望得到某物(3)hungry adj. 饥饿的；挨饿的即学即练单句语法填空I dont know about the rest

67、 of you，but Im hungry(hunger)She hungered for some contact outside her own circumscribed world.New Zealanders are still learning，still have a hunger for answers and are still on the journey to discovering their own identity.get on 发迹；出人头地(教材P31) They didnt have the chance to learn and get on in life

68、.他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。例She is ambitious and eager to get on.她雄心勃勃，迫切地想出人头地。知识拓展get along/on with进展；相处get into 染上(坏习惯)，陷入get across 通过；被传达；被理解get over 克服，从中恢复过来get through 接通；完成；通过get down to 记下；开始get away with 干(坏事)而未受惩罚即学即练完成句子This mistake will get him into difficulties.这一错误将使他陷入困境。Dont attempt to che

69、atyoull never get away with it.别想着作弊对作弊者会严惩不贷。A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人中找到朋友。Its impossible to get on/along with him.根本无法跟他相处。小片段填空Parents in China are eager for their children to get onBut it is not easy for child

70、ren to get down to their study.Some of them even get into bad habits，which makes them hard to get along withdrop out 退出，脱离；辍学(教材P31)Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.詹森哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。例The window

71、was open，and the pot just dropped out.窗户开着，花盆就掉了出去。知识拓展drop back/behind落后，被抛在后面drop in 顺便拜访drop into 顺便进入(某处)，随意到(某处)看看drop off 不知不觉睡着即学即练完成句子They would unexpectedly drop in on us.他们会突然顺道来访。The colt was struggling to stay with the pace and started to drop back/behind那匹小马奋力要跟上，但还是开始落后了。Struggle as sh

72、e might，she kept dropping off尽管她拼命挣扎，还是不停地打瞌睡。Sentence Patternswhenever引导让步状语从句(教材P31)Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.只要他有两千多美元，他就会把小面额的钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。句式分析：本句中Whenever he had more than two thousand d

73、ollars是让步状语从句，其中Whenever相当于no matter when。例1Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.每当我们遇到困难时，他们总来帮助我们。例2Give us a call whenever you need our service.什么时候需要我们的服务，打个电话就行。知识拓展(1)“疑问代词 ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句。引导状语从句时相当于“no matter疑问代词”。(2)“no matter疑问代词”只能引导让步状语从句。即学即练单句语法填空Whatever

74、 happened，he wouldnt say a word.Whichever dictionary you (may) take，you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.You may invite whoever you like.make复合宾语结构(教材P31) Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free詹森哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只

75、拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。句式分析：句中made him free为make 宾语形容词(作宾语补足语)的复合宾语结构。例1But I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and white people equal.但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。例2The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，not to make it more difficult.新技术的目的是使生活变

76、得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。知识拓展make作使役动词，意思是“使成为，使作为，使变成”，其后的复合宾语(即宾语宾语补足语)有以下表达方式：(1)make宾语名词(作宾语补足语)(2)make宾语不带to的不定式(作宾语补足语)(3)make宾语形容词(作宾语补足语)(4)make宾语过去分词(作宾语补足语)(5)make宾语介词短语(作宾语补足语)(6)make宾语从句(作宾语补足语)(7)make形式宾语it形容词或名词(作宾语补足语)带to的不定式(作真正的宾语)(8)make形式宾语it形容词或名词(作宾语补足语) 从句(作真正的宾语)即学即练完成句子Most pop singer

77、s make music their career大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time.没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。We will soon make our school what your school is now我们不久就要把我们的学校发展成你们学校目前的样子。Everyone should make it a rule to go to

78、 bed early and get up early.人人都应该养成早睡早起的习惯。They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作是重要的，是必不可少的。1Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires they worked hard to become wealthy，but then they need to continue making money

79、 so they dont lose the sense of success they have achieved.分析句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句，when they become millionaires为when引导的时间状语从句，they have achieved为省略that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the sense of success。 翻译有些人在成为百万富翁后仍然担心钱的问题他们努力工作成为富人，但之后他们需要继续赚钱，这样他们就不会失去已经获得的成功感。 2He was tired of being regarded as

80、living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.分析句中while引导表示对比关系的并列句，第一个分句中who had everything为定语从句，修饰先行词a person。 翻译他厌倦了被认为是一个拥有一切的人，过着成功的生活，而许多人却一无所有。 教材高考1.enthusiastic and ambitious(2020全国卷)I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three bo

81、oks a day as a child.2.enthusiastic and ambitious(2020全国卷)The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.3.But Jason appreciates this change.(2020全国卷)This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served.4.I was a

82、 millionaire，but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year.(2020天津卷)For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence.单句语法填空1Whenever I visited him，he was always busy working.2The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.3Next time you are in Guangzhou，please

83、 drop in on me.4Leonidas family had been poor，he went hungry(hunger) for years.5And what is the key to expressing gratitude and appreciation(appreciate)?6The injured(injure) captain，lying in the bow of the boat，said nothing.7There is no sense in worrying(worry) about such a thing.8He wants to make s

84、ure that schools are committed to providing(provide) alternative education.9There was an expression of fierce determination(determine) on her face.10But he said he is willing to be patient and he remains optimistic about the future.短语填空get on；drop out；make sense；turn ones back on；give away；be tired

85、of1She gave away all her furniture when she went abroad.2He turned his back on his wife when he became famous.3Politics is seen as a mans world.It is very difficult for women to get on4They were tired of the doctor airing his knowledge.5I dropped out of high school.It bored me to death.6I didnt know

86、 what he was talking about.It didnt make sense.课文语法填空There are certainly no signs 1.that Jason is a rich and successful man! However，sixteen years ago，Jason was 2.a college professor with a fortune of two million dollars.Today he 3.lives(live) in a small dormitory room with only secondhand furniture

87、.He gets his things from charity shops.But Jason is pleased 4.to give(give) up the lifestyle of a rich man.He gave away all his money to 5.charities(charity)And this brought him 6.happiness(happy) and a sense of success in life.Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small

88、bank notes to 7.homeless(home) people in the streets of local areas.He thinks his sense of achievement comes from helping others and 8.finding(find) true meaning in life.Most people believe when they are living fortably(comfortable) and earning enough money，they will have no worries.However，most peo

89、ple never feel they have earned enough.Jason Harley said，“Success is not measured by how much money you have 10.but by how you understand the true meaning of life.”动名词观察例句1Fighting broke out between the South and the North.2Would you mind turning down your radio a little，please?3She is washing，clean

90、ing and taking care of the children.4Do you object to Li Pings joining the physics group?5My walking stick is the same length as yours.归纳用法一、动名词的作用动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。1作主语(1)动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。Swimming is my favourite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。Collecting stamps is his hobby.集邮是他的爱好。名师

91、点津动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾语时的情况也是如此。Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(泛指)Be careful！To play with fire will be dangerous.小心点！玩火会带来危险。(指一具体动作)(2)在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time/fun等后需用动名词作真正的主语。Its no use waiting for him any longer

92、.再等他是没有用的。Its a waste of time arguing about it.争论此事是浪费时间。(3)当句型“There is no.”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动名词作主语。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。即学即练单句语法填空It is a waste of time persuading (persuade) such a person to join us.Raising(raise) your hat to a lady is good manners.2作宾语(1)作动词的宾语。可接

93、动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住：避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建议完成多练习(advise，finish，practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，cant help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？(2)英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动名词作宾语。常见的跟动名词作宾语的动词短语有insist on，object to，be good at，

94、lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，devote to，get used to，pay attention to，be worth等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。I have never looked forward to visiting that place.我从未盼望过要参观那个地方。(3)有些动词或词组后跟动名词或不定式都可以，但意思不同。(4)下列动词可接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/d

95、eserve doingneed/want/require/deserve to be doneThe bike needs这辆自行车需要修一下。即学即练单句语法填空Although it started to rain，the farmers went on working(work) in the field.He was afraid of being abandoned(abandon) by us.3作表语动名词作表语时句子的主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。Your task is cl

96、eaning the windows.(Cleaning the windows is your task.)你的任务就是擦窗户。What I hate most is being laughed at.(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。4作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。a walking sticka stick for walkinga stick which is used for walkinga washing machinea machine for washinga machine which i

97、s used for washinga reading rooma room for readinga room which is used for readingsleeping pillspills for sleepingpills which are used for sleeping即学即练单句语法填空Their work is repairing(repair) solids control equipment.We have a playground，a swimming(swim) pool and two tennis courts.二、动名词的逻辑主语带有逻辑主语的动名词称

98、为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。Her coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们。(That she came to help encouraged all of us.)Janes being careless caused so much trouble.简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦。(That Ja

99、ne was careless caused so much trouble.)三、动名词的时态和语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时writingbeing written完成时having writtenhaving been written名师点津其否定形式是在doing前加上not。1动名词一般时表示的动作通常是一般性动作，即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作，或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。I hate talking with such people.我讨厌与这样的人说话。Being careless is not a good habit.粗心不是一个好习惯。2动名词的完

100、成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。I dont remember having met him before.我不记得以前见过他。Thank you for having taken so much trouble to help.谢谢你费力帮忙。3动名词的逻辑主语同时也是动名词动作的承受者，动名词用被动语态。(1)它的一般时表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，或在其前发生。I appreciate being given this opportunity.我很感谢给了我这个机会。(2)它的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。I am very pleased at your having

101、been honoured with a medal.我很高兴你能获得这样的奖牌。(3)在某些时候，我们常用动名词的一般时表示完成时，尽管动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，这似乎是一种习惯。Excuse me for being late.我来晚了请你原谅。即学即练单句语法填空Im sorry for not having kept(keep) my promise.He was afraid of being left(leave) at home.单句语法填空1My sister insisted on going(go) to school in spite of her bad cough.

102、2Most students hate being given(give) lessons on line.3You may drink，smoke，be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying (die)early by running.4I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes.5Travelling(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and

103、rewarding experience.6I didnt mean to eat (eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help trying it.7I still remember visiting (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years.8Fast food is full of fat and salt；by eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt.9But unlike he

104、r school friends，16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm resting(rest)10Ignoring(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst.短文语法填空Every time I mention 1.taking(take) an exam at home，my parents cant help 2.predicting(predict) the result of the exam，at the risk

105、of 3.ruining(ruin) the harmonious atmosphere.But it is difficult to avoid 4.talking(talk) the topic at home.Parents are busy 5.working(work) to support the family.They devote their heart and soul to 6.giving(give) us a comfortable home.Nowadays，parents and children have difficulty in municating(communicate) with each other.Experts suggest we should try 8.to have(have) a chat with them and achieve our 9.ambition(ambitious)Otherwise，we would feel 10.guilty(guilt)