2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Section Ⅰ夯基提能作业（含解析）新人教版必修第一册.doc

1、Unit 4Section 一、语言基础训练单词拼写1People began to wonder how long the _disaster_ (灾难) would last. 2More than seven million people have been affected by _drought_ (旱灾). 3The firemen _rescued_ (营救) three women from the burning house. 4Great _damage_ (损失) has been caused by the tornado which struck the area l

2、ast week. 5In the 16th century, after the arrival of Europeans, the native people _suffered_ (遭受) greatly. 6They can _destroy_ (摧毁) houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was. 7The south of the country was worst _affected_ (影响) by the drought. 8In the rain people were _sheltering_ (

3、躲避) in the doorways of shops. 9It _shocked_ (震惊) me to see how my neighbours treated their children. 10How to use _electricity_ (电) safely has become general knowledge in our village. 单句语法填空1Several cars were _damaged_ (damage) in the crash. 2It didnt take long before the building was _destroyed_ (d

4、estroy). 3As I was much _affected_ (affect) by the story of Cong Fei，I am also determined to be a volunteer worker. 4He was shocked _at/by_ her smoking. 5We must hold on until people come to our rescue if we _are trapped_ (trap) in an earthquake. 6After the divorce，she buried herself _in_ her work.

5、7People should spare no effort _to protect_ (protect) the environment. 8Hes suffering _from_ a bad cold. 9Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _happened_ (happen) yesterday. 10After the earthquake，the beautiful city was _in_ ruins. 选词填空think of，as if，look up，as usual，suffer from，in ruins，set

6、up，dig out，in shock，go through1Lets _think of_ some questions about life. 2They _have set up_ schools, factories and hospitals in this poor area. 3We all know that we cant live _as usual_ without good health. 4If you cant keep healthy, you will often _suffer from_ your weak body. 5She _went through_

7、 many things and suffered a lot at an early age. 6After the big fire, the main building of the church was _in ruins_ . 7He suddenly rushed out, leaving all the people in the room _in shock_ . 8I often _look up_ the new words while I read and I cant understand the sentence. 9The press watchdogs (狗仔队)

8、 spare no effort to _dig out_ the secrets of those famous people. 10He talks with a stranger _as if_ they were good friends. 二、培优提升训练阅读理解Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world，however，have them regularly. Countries

9、that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的). The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill

10、the most people. In 1755，one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died. In 1923，the Great Kant Earthquake happened in Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquake

11、s hit China in 1976It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China，in which about 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can n

12、ot prepare for them. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上几次强烈的大地震所造成的严重危害，并对其原因进行了阐述。1We can infer from the passage that _C_ . Apeople are not afraid of earthquakesBonly strong earthquakes kill a large number of peopleCa large number of earthquakes often happen next to mountainsDearthquakes happen only in a few p

13、laces along the coast解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Earthquakes are something that people fear. (人们害怕地震)”，可知A项错误，排除A；从文章对有关地震所致伤亡情况的叙述来看，并不只是强地震才会导致伤亡惨重，B项错误，排除B；根据第一段最后一句“Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的). ”可知地震多发生在多山的国家。故选C。2How many people died in the earthquake which

14、 happened in Portugal in 1755？ _D_ A500 B140,000C400,000DAbout 2,000解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Around 2,000 people died. ”可知在1755年，发生在葡萄牙的地震大约有2 000人死亡。故选D。3When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported？ _B_ A1964；Alaska. B1556；China. C1923；Japan. D1976；China. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段三、四句“The worst earthqua

15、ke ever reported was also in China，in which about 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556”可知史上最严重的地震发生在1556年，中国。故选B。4According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true？ _A_ AThe stronger the earthquake is，the more people are killed. BEarthquakes often come un

16、expectedly. CEarthquakes can cause fires. DPeople still dont know when an earthquake will come. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. ”可知“地震越强烈，越多人死亡”这个表述是错误的。故选A。七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to survive an earthquakeIf you are indo

17、ors：Dont run，but protect yourself. Dont try to run out of the building during an earthquake. The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can . _1C_ . DROP down onto your hands and knees. COVER your head and neck with your hands，arms or hard objects. If possible，find a strong shelt

18、er nearby which will cover your whole body. HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops. Find the triangle of life. _2F_ so that if a wall falls down，it will create a space for you to survive. _3A_ ：Move away from anything that can fall. Move to open areas. Buildings，trees，streetlights and power

19、 lines can all fall down during an earthquake. Find a shelter where you can stay. If you are near objects that can fall， _4E_ . Wait a moment before moving to any other place. Objects may also fall after an earthquake and there are always strong aftershocks. Observe carefully before you move away. I

20、f youre in a car：Stop. Stop your car as quickly as you can， _5G_ . Stay seated. Stay calm in your car. The cars metal body can protect you from falling objects. Drive away carefully when the earthquake stops. Avoid bridges that have been damaged or may be damaged by aftershocks. AIf you are outdoors

21、BIf you are in the forestCDrop，cover and hold onDbut you need more patienceEfind a shelter to protect yourself from themFSit on the floor next to a sturdy piece of furnitureGbut avoid stopping near a building or under a tree文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在室内、户外和车里三种情况下遇到地震时，应当采取的措施。解析：1利用关键词复现法可解此题。下文的DROP，COVER和

22、HOLD ON与C选项相呼应。2利用信息前后照应法可解此题。本文开头If you are indoors与F选项中的a sturdy piece of furniture相呼应。3利用文章给出的可解此题。本空前的说明本空与If you are indoors和If youre in a car一样，介绍的是地震时的一种处境。故答案为A。4利用关键词复现法可解此题。上文“Find a shelter where you can stay. ”与E选项构成关键词复现。5利用转折关系法可解此题。G选项中的but说明它与原文中的某句构成转折关系。本空前的Stop your car as quickly

23、 as you can与G选项构成转折关系。故答案为G。语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At 342 a. m. ，everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end！Eleven kilometres _1directly_ (direct) below the city，the _2greatest_ (great) earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, _3which_ is

24、 more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation _4felt_ (feel) it. A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a larg

25、e city lay _5in_ ruins. The suffering of the people _6was_ (be) extreme. Two-thirds of _7them_ (they) died or were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed and many _8children_ (child) were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more tha

26、n 400,000Then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan. More buildings fell down. Water，food，and electricity were hard _9to get_ (get). People began to wonder _10how_ long the disaster would last. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了唐山大地震的发生以及灾难性的影响。解析：1考查副词。句意：就在这座城市正下方11公里处，二十世纪最大的地震开始了。该空修饰介词短语below

27、the city，用副词。所以填directly。2考查形容词最高级。句意同上。文中表示“最大的地震”。所以填greatest。3考查定语从句。“ _ 3_ is more than two hundred kilometres away”是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Beijing，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。所以填which。4考查动词的时态。句意：全国三分之一的人都能感觉到它。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。所以填felt。5考查介词。句意：在可怕的十五秒钟内，一座大城市变成了废墟。in ruins成为“废墟”，该短语是固定短语。所以填in。6考查主谓一致。句意：人民的苦难是巨大的。抽象名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。所以填was。7考查代词。句意：其中三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。of后面如果只有人称代词，就用宾格。所以填them。8考查名词单复数。句意：许多孩子失去了父母。many修饰可数名词复数形式。所以填children。9考查非谓语动词。句意：水、食物和电都很难获得。beadj. to do，不定式主动结构表示被动含义。所以填to get。10考查宾语从句。句意：人们开始在想这场灾难会持续多久。“ _ 10_ long the disaster would last”是一个宾语从句，表示“多久”。所以填how。