2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 单元素养检测（五）Unit 5 Revealing nature（含解析）外研版选择性必修第一册.doc

1、单元综合检测(五).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AForest Conservation Volunteer ProgramVolunteer for the forest conservation(森林保护)program in Madagascar and contribute towards protecting one of the worlds most unique ecosystems.Study wildlife in one of the worlds most biodiverse (生物多样的)regions.Make lifelong frie

2、nds and return with wonderful stories，photos，and memories.Forest volunteers receive training on species identification，carrying out field surveys，fixing equipment and data collection.Youll be guided by professional conservationists during this volunteer trip.Volunteer Roles & ResponsibilitiesStudy t

3、he diversity and quantity of species to identify changes in forest dynamics (动态)，populations，habitat health and identify possible localized threats.Carry out surveys of the local mammals，birds，reptiles，and amphibians that exist in the surrounding forests.MealsThree meals per day are provided seven d

4、ays per week.Each meal is prepared by our onsite cooks，using traditional Malagasy cooking methods，using fresh，locally grown，seasonally available produce.Fruit and vegetables served will change depending on the season and availability of local produce.Cost2 weeks3 weeks 4 weeks5 weeks$695$875$1，055$1

5、，2356 weeks7 weeks8 weeksExtra week $1，415$1，595$1，775$180Please Note：An application fee of $250 is charged over and above the program fee as an application payment.Program RequirementsTo volunteer in Madagascar，you need to be at least 18 years old.There might be exceptions if you can provide the pe

6、rmission of your parents or if you are accompanied by your parents.Volunteers should be highly energetic; have a positive attitude to making a change; possess a certain level of fitness，since the island life is not as easy as it might seem!【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章是为一个马达加斯加森林保护志愿者项目做广告。1What kind of skill w

7、ill volunteers learn by taking part in this program?AHunting.BPlanting trees.CCollecting data.DFeeding wildlife.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Forest volunteers receive training on.data collection.”可知，该项目的参与者能够学习到采集数据的技能。2What do we know about the meals in the program?AThey will serve food made of local produce.BTh

8、ey provide fixed kinds of fruits every day.CThey are cooked by volunteers themselves.DThey are available only on weekdays.A细节理解题。根据Meals部分中的“Each meal is prepared.using fresh，locally grown，seasonally available produce.”可知，该项目的饮食主要取材于当地。3How much does it cost in total to join in a 9week forest conser

9、vation program?A$1，955.B$2，025.C$2，205.D$2，505.C推理判断题。根据Cost部分可知，8 weeks费用为$1，775，Extra week费用为$180，再加上另外收取的报名费 $250，故参加为期九周的项目总共要花费$2，205。BGraduating from college is difficult，but for Morehouse College student Dacavien Reeves，who is graduating with a job offer from JP.Morgan，it is a most important

10、event beyond his wildest dreams.Twentytwoyearold Reeves went through a lot even before making it to college.The whole family became homeless after his mom Tasha Graham fell ill in 2012.Reeves made up his mind he would never be in this position ever again.He believed that he was capable and hardworki

11、ng，so he knew college was his way to go.He chose Morehouse College，the wellknown HBCU (historically black colleges and universities) in Atlanta.The students at Morehouse College were welldressed.They could express themselves clearly.Reeves said he wanted to talk and dress like them and he wanted to

12、have those experiences as well.Reeves was disciplined (守纪律的) and determined to follow in the same footsteps of famous alumni (校友) like Martin Luther King Jr.And filmmaker Spike Lee.He began working hard，juggling (同时应付) a schedule that involved college and taking care of his brothers and sisters at t

13、he same time.Reeves explained that his mother worked until 1：00 in the early morning every day，and he would take care of his brothers and sisters until she returned.“This is a model of the greatest black minds in America，” said Robert Brown，Reeves professor and fellow Morehouse alumnus.Robert Brown

14、witnessed the effort he made，saying Reeves set a typical example to every student in the college.After going through all those struggles，Reeves is more than pleased to receive the amazing job offer and considers it a reward.In addition to doing well in college，Reeves also equipped himself with leade

15、rship and service.“Dont allow your circumstances to decide what you are，” Reeves said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了无家可归的Dacavien Reeves历经困苦，终于从名校毕业，并获得了去摩根大通公司工作的机会。4What happened to Reeves in 2012?AHe became a poor kid with no place to live.BHe made up his mind to be a leader.CHe went to college on a scho

16、larship.DHe was abandoned by his parents.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Twentytwoyearold Reeves.homeless after his mom.in 2012.”可知，Reeves在2012年变成了一个无家可归的孩子。5What can we infer from the third paragraph?AIts never too old to learn a new skill.BRespect yourself，or no one else will respect you.CThe power of confidence a

17、nd examples is endless.DWe do not know what is good until we have lost it.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He believed that he was capable and hardworking”和“follow in the same footsteps of famous alumni”可推断，自信和榜样的力量是无穷的。6How did Reeves feel about getting a job offer from JP.Morgan?AConfident.BExcited.CHopeless.DIndif

18、ferent.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“it is.beyond his wildest dreams”和第五段“Reeves is more than pleased”可推知，获得这份工作邀请，Reeves 心情十分激动。7What is the best title for the text?AHealth and Hard Work：The Key to SuccessBIs Graduating from a US College Truly Hard?CHomeless to HBCU：An Inspiring Story of a Black BoyDHow Can a Gre

19、at Teacher Make a Successful Student?C标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了无家可归的Dacavien Reeves历经重重困难，终于从名校毕业，并获得良好工作机会的故事。CWe already know that exercise is good for our bodies and fights aging.Daily exercise fights the loss of muscle fitness that tends to creep up with age.And it turns out that it has the same positive ef

20、fects on our brains.A study published in Neurology Clinical Practice examined nearly 100 individual studies on exercise and brain function.It discovered that exercising for an average of 52 hours over six months is “related to improved cognitive (认知的) performance in older adults with and without cog

21、nitive damage.” The types of exercises that are beneficial include strength training and mindbody exercises.Another study published in Scientific Reports also looked at the link between fitness and cognitive performance，this time controlling causes that could misrepresent results，such as body weight

22、，education and age.The group of German scientists began by studying a large database of MRI brain scans (核磁共振大脑扫描)，with an average age of 30 years old.A second round of testing had the volunteers walk as fast as they could for two minutes，followed by cognitive testing.Both tests revealed that a fitt

23、er body is associated with a fitter brain.“It surprised us to see that even in a young population，cognitive performance decreases as fitness levels drop，” said team leader Dr.Jonathan Repple.“We knew how this might be important to an elderly population which does not necessarily have good health，but

24、 to see this happening in 30yearolds is surprising.This leads us to believe that a basic level of fitness seems to be a preventable risk factor for brain health.”In previous studies，neuroscientists have looked at the brain activity of young people and compared it with the brain activity of people ov

25、er 40.While completing cognitive tasks，younger participants had brain activity that was highly localized.Depending upon what they were thinking about，the scans only lit up in either the right or the left hemisphere (半球)of their brain.But the older participants used far more brain power to complete t

26、he same tasks.No matter the activity，the older volunteers tended to use both hemispheres of their brain.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过研究说明了为什么运动对大脑有好处。8What does the underlined phrase“creep up” in Paragraph 1 mean?AFade away. BPause suddenly.CAppear gradually.DChange greatly.C词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“exercise is good.f

27、ights the loss of muscle fitness”，再结合常识可知，此处意为：随着年龄增长，我们的肌肉会慢慢变得越来越不健康。9What can we infer from the two studies?ASix months exercise can treat certain diseases.BBody weight is always irrelevant to brain function.CAbout two hours exercise a week improves brain function.DStrength training negatively af

28、fects cognitive performance.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“exercising for an average of 52 hours over six months.improved cognitive performance”可推知，每周大约两小时的锻炼可提升大脑功能。10Which is the right order of the process of the second study?Comparing two tests results.Asking the volunteers to walk for 2 minutes.Testing the volu

29、nteers cognitive ability.Studying brain scans of young people on a database.ABCDD细节理解题。根据第三段中的“began by.a fitter brain”可知第二个研究的过程是：先研究数据库中年轻人的大脑扫描图片，然后要求志愿者快走2分钟，接着测试这些志愿者的认知能力，最后比对两种测试结果。11The brain activity of younger participants tends to _Ahappen in a specific area related to the thinkingBbe sim

30、ilar to that of the older participantsCshow narrower views about the worldDbe much more organizedA细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“younger participants had brain activity that was highly localized.lit up in either the right or the left.brain”可知，年轻人的大脑活动一般只发生在一个特定区域。DMost adults have lower levels of concern about clim

31、ate change than young people.Yet its adults who have the power to affect the policies contributing to climate change.Now a new study shows that teenagers may be able to raise their parents concerns about human influences on climate.The key is to talk about the issues and share what youve been learni

32、ng at school.For a new study，teachers used a new curriculum (课程) with the students.It involved more than just lessons about climate change.The students also took part in servicelearning projects.Students wrote blog posts about what they learned and shared those posts with others.The students also in

33、terviewed their parents.Someone might ask his or her dad，for example，what changes hed seen in their home towns weather over time.The program made sure students would talk to their parents.However，Dr.Lawson，a scientist of the study team，adds，“At no point did we tell kids what to think or what to say.

34、That way，kids didnt feel that there was all this responsibility I put on them to change their parents mind about anything.”Fifteen middle school teachers had been divided into either of two groups.One，the test group，got training on how to use the new curriculum before introducing it to students.Teac

35、hers in the control group taught their schools regular lessons on climate change.These programs also lacked the extra activities.Lawsons team divided the students and their parents into two groups，too.The researchers then surveyed the kids and their parents before and after the school lessons on cli

36、mate change.Parents and students in both groups showed more concern about climate change after the lessons.But families where kids had been in the test group showed the biggest changes.And，Lawson notes，you dont need a special curriculum to discuss climate issues at home.“Talk to your parents about w

37、hat you see going on，” she says.“Dont be afraid to share your thoughts.And dont feel discouraged if you dont change your parents minds after one chat，” she adds.“The important thing is not to give up hope and be willing to have those conversations.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究表明青少年通过和家长交流在学校所学的气候知识，可以影响父母对

38、气候的关注。12How can young people increase parents concerns about climate?ABy making climate policies.BBy showing them scientific findings.CBy sharing their knowledge with them.DBy inviting them to do research projects.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The key is to talk about the issues and share what youve been learning

39、at school.”可知，学生可通过与家长分享他们在学校学习的知识来提升家长对气候的关注度。13What did the students do in the new study?AGave lessons about climate change.BAttended projects on servicelearning.CShared their climate blogs with parents.DInterviewed parents about their lessons.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The students also took part in servicel

40、earning projects.”可知，学生在研究中会参与服务性学习项目。14The study team avoided teaching kids what to say or think because _Athey recognized kids good communication skillsBthey didnt want to put too much burden on kidsCthey had some doubts about their own knowledgeDthey didnt believe kids influence on parentsB细节理解题。

41、根据第三段中的“kids didnt feel that there was all this responsibility.about anything”可知，研究人员不希望给孩子们增加负担，感觉改变父母的想法是他们的责任。15What can we know from Paragraph 4?AParents were surveyed twice during the research progress.BThe test group and the control group showed equal improvement.CStudents were put into a team

42、 to compete against their parents.DTeachers in the control group added extra activities in the lessons.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers then surveyed the kids and their parents before and after the school lessons”可推出，家长参与两次调查。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Phone addiction has a number of negative effects

43、.Here are some ways to remove it.In order not to look at your phone as soon as you wake up in the morning，place your phone in another room or your coat pocket.Then spend at least the first 30 minutes of your day building good habits. 16 Studies show that on average we use the phone 50 to 150 times a

44、 day. 17 You could do some reading，do a crossword puzzle or even something as simple as a walk in the yardanything helping you get rid of your phone is OK.One of the main problems with smartphones is that you worry if you dont check your phone regularly，you may miss out on something important，such a

45、s invitations to events or work emails. 18 When someone has something important to tell you，they may give you a call.Therefore，it is necessary to stay away from your phone sometimes.Whats going on in the real world，right in front of you，is almost always more important than what is happening online.P

46、ut away your phone when you are with someone important. 19 For example，having dinner with friends will become awkward when you always check your phone. 20 That is because being addicted to the phone before going to bed greatly influences your sleep.This can harm your physical and mental health in th

47、e long run.Therefore，make it a rule to stop using your phone an hour before you go to sleep.AAsk your friends or family for help.BHowever，it is almost never the case.CYour smartphone has almost every tool that you need.DSo you should do something meaningful to avoid looking at it.EA good rest should

48、 be more important than your phone at night.FThis could be exercise like a morning run or cooking a good breakfast.GMany relationships have suffered because of our addiction to the phone.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何克服手机上瘾的几种方法。16F该空位于段尾，与前一句内容存在解释关系和指代关系，F项中的this指building good habits，此句对前面的内容作进一步的解释说明。故选F

49、。17D该空位于段中，与前一句内容存在因果关系，并且起承上启下的作用，说明做一些有意义的事来避免频繁使用手机。故选D。18B该空位于段中，与前一句内容存在转折关系，说明不频繁使用手机并不会错过什么重要的事。故选B。19G该空位于段中，承上启下，说明对手机上瘾有损人际关系，下句举例说明。故选G。20E该空位于段首，是本段的主题句，本段主要讲晚上入睡前要避免使用手机，好的睡眠是最重要的。故选F。.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)During our shelteringinplace time，I thought complaining was 21 senseless.Compla

50、ining about the possibility of catching the virus didnt make it less 22 All complaining did was to 23 whoever else was around，and it didnt make you much happier either.Problemsolving is a good way to 24 the complaints.Take Eric SYuan，the founder and CEO of Zoom，for example.When Yuan was 25 ，he had t

51、o take a tenhour train ride to visit his girlfriend (now his wife)He really 26 the travel and tried to imagine other ways he could 27 his girlfriend，travelfree.So he worked hard on his 28 after graduation and some 15 or so years later，he was able to finally 29 the virtual platform hed dreamed of for

52、 so long.If Yuan could do it，why not us？Why cant each of us 30 that thing we complain about and turn our complaining 31 to a better use，namely，problemsolving？Complaining about my 32 to attend the ballroom dance lessons wasnt getting the COVID19 limits lifted any faster. 33 I stopped complaining，I de

53、cided to train myself to dance some new patterns.Its 34 I feel that Im being active and 35 practicing in my kitchen，moving towards my ballroom goals.Whats the thing you love to do？Work on it at home instead of complaining!【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为隔离在家期间，与其抱怨不如将精力用于解决问题。21A.sometimesBneverCtotallyDalmost

54、C根据后文语境可知，作者认为隔离在家期间，抱怨是完全没有意义的。22A.noticeableBprobableCcurableDvariableB抱怨有可能感染病毒并不能减少感染的可能性。23A.interestBcomfortCannoy DwarnC根据后文“didnt make you much happier either”可推知，抱怨只会令周围听到你抱怨的人恼火，并且也不会让你感觉更快乐。24A.controlBnormalizeCanalyzeDreplaceD根据后文Eric SYuan的例子可知，作者认为解决问题是替代抱怨的好方法。25A.in collegeBon busin

55、ess Cin preschool Dat homeA由后文“visit his girlfriend (now his wife)”及“worked hard on.after graduation”可推测，此处说的是Yuan在大学时的情况。26A.valuedBdislikedCgot used toDlooked forward toB根据“tried to imagine other ways”及“travelfree”可推断，他不喜欢这样来回奔波。27A.take care ofBkeep watch onCmeet up withDcome up toC他想找到别的办法，可以不用长

56、途旅行就能与女友会面。28A.careerBideaCstudiesDpromiseB根据前后文可知，Yuan大学毕业后为了把自己的想法变成现实而努力奋斗。29A.develop Benter CfindDexpandA根据前文“the founder and CEO of Zoom”可知，他开发出了梦寐以求的虚拟平台。30A.acceptBignore Cadmire DdropA根据前文描述以及“If Yuan could do it，why not us？”可推断，作者建议我们接受自己所抱怨的事。31A.wordsBhabitsCinfluence DenergyD作者认为我们应该把自己

57、用来抱怨的精力用于解决问题。32A.misfortune BinabilityCpressure DexhaustionB根据后面的“the COVID19 limits”可推测，作者因疫情无法上交际舞课。33A.IfBAlthoughCUnless DOnceD作者一停止抱怨，就决定自己练习一些新的舞步。once引导时间状语从句。34A.embarrassingBshockingCamazingDmovingC由后文“Im being active”可推断，作者自己在家练习舞蹈取得了令人惊喜的效果。35A.productive Battractive Ceasygoing Dhotheade

58、dA根据“moving towards my ballroom goals”可推知，作者觉得自己的练习卓有成效。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Scientists believe they have found help for older people 36._ (suffer) from poor eyesight.The 37._ (solve) is shining a special red light in the eyes for several minutes.However，they said not every red light will help

59、improve 38._ problems that are related to age.Professor Glen Jeffery，the coauthor of a study into the effects of the red light and vision in older people，explained why.He said，“I 39._ (strong) suggest that people should not just buy a red light online.The red light should produce the right wavelengt

60、h and be 40._ (rely)We are looking for a partner to do this and to make them affordable(负担得起的)for almost everyone.”The study 41._ (do) by a university.Researchers conducted tests 42._ men and women aged between 28 and 72.They said some cells 43._ help process light had worsened in old people.Researc

61、hers said their red light helped those with poor eyesight improve the ability 44._ (recognize) different colors，particularly blue.Doctor Jeffery said，“Poor eyesight is going to be a major issue in the future.We need to make 45._ (preparation) for it.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现的一种帮助老年人改善视力的方法。36suf

62、fering考查非谓语动词。此处older people和suffer构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填suffering，作后置定语。37solution考查名词。冠词the后接名词，且从句缺少主语，故填solution。38the考查冠词。problems后面有定语从句，表示特指，故填定冠词the。39strongly考查副词。修饰动词suggest要用副词，故填strongly。40reliable考查形容词。be动词后跟形容词作表语，故填reliable。41was done考查动词的时态和语态。study和do之间是被动关系，且根据后句的conducted可知用一般过去时，故填was don

63、e。42on考查介词。test on sb./sth.意为“给某人/物做测试”，是固定搭配，故填on。43that/which考查定语从句。限制性定语从句修饰cells，且引导词在句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。44to recognize考查非谓语动词。句子成分齐全，故填to recognize，作ability的后置定语。45preparations考查名词的数。make preparations for是固定搭配，意为“为做准备”。.应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是李华，正在悉尼参加交换生活动。你在旅游网上看到了大堡礁两日游的海报，请你给该网站负责人写一封邮件咨询此次行程的

64、相关细节，内容包括：1是否有周末两日游；2哪种交通方式；3学生是否有优惠。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear Sir or Madam，Im an exchange student studying in Sydney.Interested in your twoday tour to the Great Barrier Reef，Im writing to ask for some details about it.As I dont have any free time on weekdays，I wonder whether you have

65、 a tour on weekends.And how will we visit it，by ship or by helicopter？Besides，will a student like me get a discount？I would be grateful if you could answer my questions.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua.读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Once，there was a rich ma

66、n.He had earned the money through fishing.He had a son named Karim.He used to say to his son，“Karim，you are my only son and all my wealth is yours.You are supposed to increase the wealth by working hard and should not waste it.”“Dont worry，Father！I will not waste the money unnecessarily.” Karim assu

67、red (向保证) his father.However，Karims assurances were false.He had fallen in the company of bad friends.He got used to wasting money in drinking and gambling (赌博)Being angry with his sons bad habits，the father fell ill.One day，he asked his son to his bed and pointed at a closed room，“If someday you ar

68、e in trouble，open the door and you will find some relief there.” After a few days，the rich man died.Karim felt sad for a while but soon he forgot，and was lost in his old bad habits.When his money was used up，his friends didnt visit him anymore and even refused to talk to him.Karim was helpless and r

69、emembered his fathers words about the closed room.“Perhaps Father had kept money for emergency，” he thought.So he went up to the room.After opening the room，he saw a fishing net hanging from the roof，with a piece of paper attached to it.It read，“You are desperate and have lost all hope for the money

70、 now and this fishing net is meant for you.”“I will start a new life as my father expected.” Karim went out of the room thinking what he should do.Suddenly he felt very hungry，but there was nothing to eat in the house.So he decided to ask friends for help but none of them gave him any food.Karim ret

71、urned home in sorrow (悲伤) and thought，“Now I should work hard to live on my own.This is how I can get rid of all my troubles.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Then Karim tried to pull the fishing net down from the roof._Karim started his fishing business with the help of the wealth found in the bag._【参考范文

72、】Then Karim tried to pull the fishing net down from the roof.As he pulled the fishing net with all his strength，it fell down to the ground along with a heavy bag.Karim picked up the bag and opened it.He was surprised to find that the bag was full of gold coins.There was also a piece of paper in the

73、bag which read，“Since you have decided to depend on yourself to lead a new life，my boy，I hope this money could help you.Try hard to get rid of your old bad habits.”Karim started his fishing business with the help of the wealth found in the bag.After working hard for several years，he earned a lot of money and his business became more and more successful.His selfish friends rushed to see him when they heard about his success.However，Karim didnt want to meet them because he had come to know the difference between right and wrong and made up his mind to be a better man.