2020-2021学年高中英语 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World Grammar课时素养评价 外研版必修4.doc

1、Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural WorldGrammar. 用“情态动词+have done”的形式填空1. You shouldnt/oughtnt to have helped (help) him; he could do it by himself. 2. Wang Lin came out. He must have finished(finish) his work. 3. Mike couldnt have found(find) his bike, for he came to school by bus this m

2、orning. 4. The dust cloud may have cut(cut) off the sunlight. 5. Today is Sunday. You neednt have come(come) to school. 6. He must have been (be)to Beijing, for he knows it very well. 7. He cannot have been (be) to the city. 8. We ought to/ should have reviewed (review) lessons last night, but we we

3、nt to the concert instead. 9. There was a time when people may have felt (feel) awkward about ordering one dish in a restaurant. 10. I saw Professor Li in the supermarket the day before yesterday. No, you couldnt have seen (see) him. I heard that he is still abroad. . 单句改错1. What do you suppose has

4、happened to him? I dont know. He should have got lost. (shouldmay/might)2. Jerry doesnt mind lending you his bike. He couldnt. I have borrowed Marys. (couldntneednt)3. I didnt hear the phone. I should have been asleep. (shouldmust)4. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who would have take

5、n it? (wouldcould)5. Great changes must have taken place in the village in the past few years, mustnt they? (mustnthavent)6. He mustnt have watched TV yesterday for I saw him in the lab. (mustntcouldnt)7. Jane didnt come to school yesterday, so she neednt have been ill. (needntmust)8. Who would have

6、 taken away the book I put here yesterday? (wouldcould)9. She is two hours late. What should have happened? (shouldcan)10. There is no sound in the bedroom. Would the two kids have gone to bed? (WouldCan). 阅读理解Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas, or killer whales, and humpback w

7、hales off the coast of Western Australia. To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca, which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales. During the seven attacks,

8、 the orca killed the humpback whale calf (幼兽) on three occasions. But the story doesnt end there. Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures. Pitmans study findings may let people think otherwise. When chased by orcas, humpback whales are known to t

9、ry to outswim orcas. They are thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas cant keep up. On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers boats. These ways often reduced the attack. But at other times, the hum

10、pback whales decided to stay and fight. As the orcas approached, the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side, or lift it out of the water using her head or flippers. She also blew huge breaths of air to disturb the orcas, and lunged or charged at them, slashing(劈) and slapping her

11、tail and flippers. Perhaps most surprisingly, humpback whales also have adult “escorts(护卫队)” that try to protect calves that are not their own, joining the mother in defending the smaller whale. These escort whales either charged at the orcas, or placed themselves between the attackers and calves, s

12、lashing their tails and flippers. Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts, the orcas were more often than not successful in their attacks. But the presence of the escorts did reduce how many times a whale calf was killed. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲的是科学家使用科学仪器来观察杀人鲸是如何追杀驼背鲸及后者是如何反击和保护幼小的驼背鲸的。1.

13、 Whats the purpose of the scientists further research? A. To keep a record of whales living habits. B. To observe orcas hunting humpback whales. C. To see what life-or-death battles whales may face. D. To find out the techniques orcas use when hunting. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“To research further. . .

14、 to use satellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales. . . ”可知, 科学家进行进一步研究的目的是观察杀人鲸追杀驼背鲸的活动。2. Why did the humpback whales swim to shallow water? A. To avoid being attacked. B. To hunt for food. C. To protect thei

15、r young. D. To trick the chasers. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers boats. ”可知, 驼背鲸游至浅水区是出于自身的安全考虑, 为了避免被攻击。3. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A. Why humpback whales

16、 fall victim to orcas. B. How humpback whales protect their calves. C. The great mother love of humpback whales. D. Smaller humpback whales ways of surviving. 【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知, 本段主要讲的是在面对杀人鲸的攻击时, 驼背鲸是如何进行反击来保护自己的幼崽的。4. What does Pitmans study find? A. Orcas are successful in their attacks. B.

17、 Its not easy for orcas to obtain food. C. Humpback whales swim faster than orcas. D. Humpback whales could be active animals. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段提到“Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures. Pitmans study findings may let people think otherwise. ”驼背鲸

18、普遍被认为是大型的但是通常被动的生物, Pitman的研究发现可能会让人不这么认为。下文接着讲了面对杀人鲸的攻击时, 驼背鲸所采取的一些应对方式, 其中包含积极迎击。. 完形填空(2020邯郸高一检测)On March 10, 2019, eight-year-old Tanitoluwa “Tani” Adewumi beat 73 young competitors to win the New York State Chess Championship in his age categorykindergarten to third grade. While the1 is great,

19、 what is even more amazing is that the boy 2learning the game less than a year ago. Tani and his family 3in New York City from Nigeria in 2017. Soon after, Tani started to study at the 4elementary school, P. S. 116, which is near his home. It was here that the young boy was first 5to the chess. 6by

20、the game, the boy begged his mother, Oluwatoyin, to allow him to 7the schools chess club. Considering that the family would be unable to afford the 8, Oluwatoyin emailed chess9Russel Makofsky, who ran the club. To her surprise and 10, Makofsky agreed to charge young Tani nothing. The young boy made

21、up his mind to practice harder in return for his 11. He has won seven important prizes in less than a year, and 12 27 in America in his age category. 13the chess club certainly helps, Tanis success can be largely owed to (归功于) his 14 to the game. The chess player 15 the game for several hours a day.

22、 Every Saturday, Tani and his mother 16to Harlem for a free 3-hour class to help further sharpen his game skills. He is now busy17the National Elementary Championships, which will be held in Nashville, TN. Winning the 18will bring the chess player closer to his dream of becoming the worlds 19chess g

23、rand master (大师). The record is now held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin, who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12. We have no 20 that the determined boy will achieve his goal soon! 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一个极具国际象棋天赋的8岁男孩的故事。1. A. agreementB. achievementC. treatmentD. argument【解析

24、】选B。agreement同意, 协议; achievement成就; treatment治疗; argument争论。此处是指虽然他的成就(achievement)很突出, 但更加令人惊奇的是这个男孩开始学习下棋才不到一年。2. A. began B. enjoyed C. missed D. minded【解析】选A。句意: 虽然他的成就很突出, 但更加令人惊奇的是这个男孩开始学习下棋才不到一年。began开始; enjoyed享受; missed错过; minded在意。根据下文的内容可知, 这个男孩开始(began)下棋不到一年。3. A. stayedB. workedC. layD

25、. arrived【解析】选D。句意: Tani和他的家人在2017年从尼日利亚到达纽约。stayed待着; worked工作; lay位于; arrived到达。4. A. religiousB. localC. strictD. distant【解析】选B。句意: 不久之后Tani开始在当地的一所小学上学。religious宗教的; local当地的; strict严格的; distant遥远的。根据语境可知, 此处是指“很快, Tani开始在当地的(local)一所小学上学”。5. A. introducedB. comparedC. invitedD. directed【解析】选A。句

26、意: 正是在这所学校, 这个男孩第一次接触到了国际象棋。introduced介绍, 使初次了解/接触; compared比较; invited邀请; directed指导。根据下文可知, 正是在这所学校, 这个男孩第一次接触(introduced)到了国际象棋。6. A. ConfusedB. EncouragedC. AttractedD. Beaten【解析】选C。句意: 由于被这项游戏所吸引, 他恳求他的母亲让他加入学校的象棋俱乐部。Confused使迷惑; Encouraged鼓励; Attracted吸引; Beaten击打。根据第一段提到Tani在象棋方面取得的成绩, 以及下文“他

27、加入学校的象棋俱乐部”可知, 他被这项游戏所吸引(attract)。7. A. foundB. runC. joinD. visit【解析】选C。found建立; run经营; join参加; visit参观。上文说非常喜欢象棋, 因此男孩恳求母亲让他加入(join)象棋俱乐部。8. A. billsB. tripsC. mealsD. fees【解析】选D。句意: 考虑到家庭负担不起这些费用。9. A. teacherB. customerC. learnerD. farmer【解析】选A。句意: 此处是指他的母亲给象棋俱乐部的老师Russel Makofsky发了一封邮件。 teacher

28、老师; customer顾客; learner学习者; farmer农民。根据下文“ who ran the club”以及“Makofsky agreed to charge young Tani nothing. ”可知Russel Makofsky是俱乐部的老师(teacher)。10. A. sadnessB. happinessC. puzzlementD. anger【解析】选B。句意: 令她感到吃惊并高兴的是, Makofsky同意减免了她儿子的所有费用。sadness悲伤; happiness快乐; puzzlement迷惑; anger生气。11. A. rescueB. w

29、ishC. helpD. service【解析】选C。句意: 这个小男孩下决心更加努力训练来报答他的帮助。rescue拯救; wish希望; help帮助; service服务。根据前一句可知“俱乐部减免了男孩的费用”, 可知, 小男孩努力训练来报答他的帮助(help)。12. A. losesB. setsC. hasD. ranks【解析】选D。句意: 目前男孩在他所在的年龄组排名全美第27位。loses损失, 丢失; sets布置; has有; ranks排名。根据语境可知, 在年龄组排名(ranks)全美第27位。13. A. IfB. UnlessC. ThoughD. Becaus

30、e【解析】选C。句意: 尽管有象棋俱乐部的帮助。If如果; Unless除非; Though尽管; Because因为。分析前后两句, 可知, 此处是转折关系。指的是“尽管(though)有象棋俱乐部的帮助, 但是Tani的成功很大程度上是归功于他对这项比赛的挚爱”。14. A. devotionB. actionC. receptionD. return【解析】选A。句意: Tani的成功很大程度上归功于他对比赛的挚爱。devotion投入, 奉献, 挚爱; action行动; reception接待; return返回。根据上文的内容可知, 男孩恳求妈妈让他参加象棋俱乐部, 可知 Tani

31、的成功很大程度上归功于他对象棋比赛的挚爱。15. A. appreciatesB. practicesC. watchesD. creates【解析】选B。句意: 他每天都要练习好几个小时。appreciates欣赏; practices练习; watches观察; creates创造。根据语境可知, 他每天都要练习(practices)好几个小时。16. A. returnB. leadC. pointD. head【解析】选D。句意: 每个星期六, Tani和他母亲都会去Harlem免费上3个小时的课。return返回; lead引导; point指出; head前往。根据上文的语境可知,

32、 妈妈和Tani前去Harlem那儿免费上3个小时的课。head在此用作动词, 意为“前往, 去”, 符合句意。17. A. preparing forB. waiting forC. caring forD. searching for【解析】选A。句意: 他现在忙于为National Elementary Championships做准备。preparing for为作准备; waiting for等候; caring for关心; searching for寻找。根据下文“which will be held in Nashville, TN. ”可知, 比赛还没有举行, 因此他现在忙于

33、为National Elementary Championships做准备(preparing for)。18. A. friendshipB. warC. praiseD. competition【解析】选D。friendship友谊; war战争; praise表扬; competition比赛。根据文章可知, 赢得这场比赛(competition )将会使他距离成为世界上最年轻的象棋大师的梦想更近一步。19. A. smallestB. strongestC. youngestD. tallest【解析】选C。句意: 赢得这场比赛将会使他更接近成为世界上最年轻的象棋大师的梦想。small

34、est最小的; strongest最强的; youngest最年轻的; tallest最高的。根据下一句“The record is now held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin, who won the title in 2002 at the age of 12”以及第一段第一句可知, 与Sergey Alexandrovich Karjakin相比, 如果他赢了, 他就是最年轻的象棋大师。20. A. doubtB. wonderC. problemD. sign【解析】选A。句意: 毫无疑问, 不久之后这个

35、坚定的男孩一定会实现自己的目标。doubt怀疑; wonder奇迹; problem问题; sign标志。 “no doubt”为固定搭配, 意为“毫无疑问”。. 语法填空 Why dont birds get lost on their long flights from one place to another? Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely 1. the sun to guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds 2. fly at night? Tests

36、 with artificial stars have proved that certain night flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long distance flights. A dove had spent its lifetime in a cage and never flown under a 3. (nature) sky. Yet 4. showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance. The birds cage 5. (place) un

37、der an artificial star-filled sky. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that 6. (take) by his outdoor cousin. Any change in the position of the stars caused 7. change in the direction of his flight. Scientists think that doves, when 8. (fly) in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But the s

38、tars are apparently their principal means of navigation (领航). What do they do 9. the stars are hidden by clouds? Apparently, they find their way by such land marks as mountain ranges, coastlines, and river courses. But when its too dark to see these, the doves circle 10. (help), unable to get their

39、bearings (方位). 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文中科学家们用实验证实了鸟类在从一个地方到另一个地方的长途飞行中不会迷路的奥秘。1. 【解析】on。考查介词。rely on为固定短语, 意为“依靠”。句意: 实验表明, 白天鸟类依靠太阳来引导它们。 2. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。birds为先行词, 在从句中作主语, 应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。句意: 但是那些在晚上飞行的鸟呢? 3. 【解析】natural。考查形容词。修饰名词sky应用形容词。句意: 一只鸽子在笼子里度过了它的一生, 从来没有在自然的天空下飞过。 4. 【解析】it。考查代

40、词。it指代上文中的a dove。句意: 然而, 它显示出一种天生的能力, 利用星星来引导。 5. 【解析】was placed。考查时态和语态。此处place用作动词, 意为“放置”, 与主语cage之间为被动关系; 且结合上下文语境可知应用一般过去时。句意: 鸟笼被放置在布满星星的人造天空下。 6. 【解析】taken。考查过去分词。过去分词taken作后置定语修饰that, 与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系。句意: 这只鸟试图向他的户外堂兄飞的方向飞去。 7. 【解析】a。考查冠词。change用作名词, 表示“变化”时为可数名词, 应用不定冠词a修饰。句意: 星星位置的任何变化都会引起他飞行方向的变化。 8. 【解析】flying。考查现在分词。此处fly用作状语, 与句子的主语doves之间为主动关系。句意: 科学家认为, 鸽子在白天飞行时, 利用太阳作为导航。 9. 【解析】when/if。考查状语从句。此处引导时间状语从句用when或用if引导条件状语从句。句意: 当(如果)星星被云遮住时, 他们会做什么? 10. 【解析】helplessly。考查副词。结合句意, 此处需要表达的意思为“无助”, 且修饰动词, 故用helpless的副词形式。句意: 但当天太黑看不见这些时, 鸽子就会无助地转圈, 无法辨别方向。