2020版高考英语新设计大一轮江苏版精讲义 优习题：第一部分 模块二 UNIT 3 WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 3Amazing people.单词语境记忆1.preserve the peace维护和平2.water with a low salt content 含盐量低的水3.What a coincidence! 太巧了！4.Sorry to disturb you. 对不起打扰一下。5.a travelling companion 旅伴6.swallow the last of his coffee 咽下最后一口咖啡 .词汇转换与派生记忆1.signal n.信号vi.&vt.发信号；表明2.superior n.上级，上司adj.更好的3.desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望vt.期

2、望，渴望4.connection n.联系，关联connect v.联系，连接connected adj.相连的，相关的5.death n.死亡dead adj.死的，已故的die vi.死亡dying adj.垂死的6.explorer n.探险家；勘探者explore vt.探测；勘探exploration n.探测7.curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的curiosity n.好奇curiously adv.好奇地8.fortune n.大笔的钱，财富；运气fortunately adv.幸运地fortunate adj.幸运的9.punishment n.惩罚punish vt.

3、惩罚10.scientific adj.科学的science n.科学scientist n.科学家11.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸breath n.呼吸12.inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞inspired adj.受到启发的inspiring adj.令人振奋的inspiration n.灵感；激励13.organization n.组织；机构organize v.组织organizer n.组织者14.devotion n.奉献；忠诚；专心devote vt.献出，付出；专心于devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的15.murder vt.&n.谋杀murdere

4、r n.谋杀者，凶手16.various adj.各种各样的variety n.种种；多样化17.apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用application n.申请applicant n.申请人18.optimistic adj.乐观的，抱乐观看法的optimism n.乐观；乐观主义optimistically adv.乐观地19.requirement n.要求，规定require v.要求20.discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻courage n.勇气encourage v.鼓励encouragement n.鼓励21.survival n.幸存，存活survive v.幸存

5、survivor n.幸存者；生还者联想记忆1.词根“serve”单词一览conserve vt.保存；保守deserve vt. 应受，值得observe vt. 观察；遵守preserve vt. 保存，保护reserve vt. 保留；预订2.“性格”形容词集锦outgoing 外向的easygoing 随和的optimistic 乐观的humorous 有幽默感的modest 谦虚的generous 宽宏大量的selfish 自私的selfless 无私的sensitive 敏感的stubborn 顽固的，固执的3.看似复数，实则不同content 内容contents 目录art 艺

6、术arts 文科arm 手臂arms 武器brain 脑袋brains 脑力custom 风俗customs 海关paper 纸papers 文件wood 木头woods 树林work 工作works 作品short 短的shorts 短裤force 力量forces 军队4.“打扰，麻烦”的多种表达disturb v. 打扰，扰乱trouble n.& v. 麻烦，使烦恼bother v. 烦扰，打扰interrupt v. 打扰，打断5.“联系”常用词connect vt. 连接，使联系connection n. 联系relate vt. 使联系，涉及relation n. 关系link

7、vt.& n. 联系；连接contact vt.& n. 联系，接触1.be/become curious about对感到好奇2.set sail 启航e across (偶然)遇见；发现4.as well as 也，以及5.in connection with 关于，与有关6.result in 导致，结果是7.pay_off 带来好结果；得到回报e_into_use 开始使用9.thanks_to 多亏，由于10.be_in_control_of 掌管，控制(某物)11.go_down_in_history 载入史册12.look_up_to 敬佩联想记忆1.“as.as”短语集锦as

8、far as至于；远至as well as 也，和，以及as long as 只要as soon as 一就as much as 和差不多as good as 和几乎一样2.各种“偶遇”come across run across/intomeet with happen to meetmeet.by chance/accident3.“导致”短语小结result in 导致，结果是lead to 导致，造成contribute to 促成，有助于bring about 导致，引起1.By_the_1920s，he had_become an explorer，searching for th

9、e tombs of the Egyptian kings.到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。2.He too visited the tomb，only_to_catch_a_high_fever the next day.他也去了陵墓，结果第二天就发高烧了。3. Would you rather be famous，or be very helpful but unknown?你想成为名人呢，还是想成为一名默默无闻的奉献者？4.In 1932，she became the_first_woman_to_fly alone across the Atla

10、ntic.在1932年她成为第一个独自飞越大西洋的女性。5.it_was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of Chinas first astronaut.他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。 核心要点突破1.curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的(1)be/become curious about对感到好奇be curious to do sth 极想做某事Its curious that. 真奇怪(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心ou

11、t of curiosity 出于好奇with curiositycuriously 好奇地meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心Sally did not answer，but looked at her with curiosity/curiously.萨莉没回答，却好奇地看着她。He was curious about Australian cities，so he read the book written by Dr Johnson.Curious_about_Australian_cities，he_read_the_book_written_by

12、_Dr_Johnson.(用形容词短语作状语改写)The children who are crazy about playing computer games are all driven by _ at first.A.discount B.beliefC.curiosity D.satisfaction答案C句意：那些热衷于玩电脑游戏的孩子们一开始都是被好奇心所驱使。discount折扣；belief信念；curiosity好奇心；satisfaction满意。2.preserve vt.维护；保留；保存；保护 n.保护区preserve .from/against.保护免受be wel

13、l/strictly preserved 被很好/严格地保存/保护preservation n. 维护；保护；保养；保存I think these interesting old customs should be preserved .我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该被保留下来。自然资源有限，我们应采取行动保护资源不被浪费。With the limited natural resources，we should take action to preserve_them_from_being_wasted.(preserve)With the limited natural resources，we

14、 should take action to stop_them_from_being_wasted.(stop)With the limited natural resources，we should take action to keep_them_from_being_wasted.(keep)With the limited natural resources，we should take action to protect_them_from_being_wasted.(protect)The 2015 World Secondary School Students Track an

15、d Field Championships will be held in Wuhan No.4 Middle School，partially because the cultural relics here such as the Clock Tower and the Church are well _.A.preserved B.deservedC.reserved D.observed答案A句意：2015年世界中学生田径锦标赛将在武汉四中举行，部分原因是这里的文化遗产如钟楼和教堂保护得很好。preserve保护，保存，符合句意。deserve值得，应该；reserve预留，预定；ob

16、serve遵守，观察，庆祝。3.content adj.满意的，满足的 n.满足；内容；所含之物；目录vt.使满足(1)be content with对满足/满意be content to do sth 乐于做某事(2)content oneself with 满足于；使(某人)自己对感到满足(3)to ones hearts content 心满意足地；尽情地Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got.安迪对这个玩具很满意，这是他得到的最好的玩具。我们不应该使自己仅仅满足于课本知识。We shouldnt be_co

17、ntent_with_the_knowledge learned from the books.(content adj.)We should never_content_ourselves_with_the_knowledge learned from the books.(content vt.)Nowadays teenagers are not _ to stand and appreciate works of art；they prefer to participate in them.A.content B.controversialC.confident D.absolute答

18、案A句意：如今，青少年不满足于只是站着欣赏艺术作品；他们更喜欢参与到艺术作品中。content满足的，满意的，符合句意。controversial有争议的；confident自信的；absolute绝对的。名师指津(1)content作形容词时，只用作表语；若用于名词前作定语，要用contented。(2)content作“目录”解时总是用其复数形式，用于名词前作定语也是如此，如：the contents page目录页。4.disturb v.打扰；扰乱；干扰；妨碍(1)It disturbs sb to do sth做某事使某人不安be disturbed by 为感到不安；被打扰(2)d

19、isturbed adj. 感到不安的；心理不正常的；烦恼的，心烦意乱的disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的(3)disturbance n. 骚乱；失常He is a naughty boy and his classmates are often disturbed by him in class.他是个淘气的男孩，在上课时同学们经常被他打扰。We were very _ at the loud noise made by the working machines throughout the night.A.disturbing B.disturbedC.amused

20、D.amusing答案B句意：整个晚上，我们被机器工作的巨大噪音所打扰。disturbed困扰的，心神不安的，符合句意。disturbing引起烦恼的；amused愉快的；amusing有趣的，好玩的，与句意不符。辨析比较 disturb，interruptdisturb“打扰；妨碍；扰乱”，侧重对某人的动作或行为的干扰或干预，给别人带来较长时间的耽搁或使别人不能专注于某事interrupt“中断，打断”，主要指对别人的谈话或某一活动的打扰，使对方活动停下来或不能继续选用上述单词填空I dont mind being interrupted by the students in class b

21、ut I do hate being disturbed by the noise made by the machines from the construction site near my school.5.desire n.渴望；欲望；渴求；渴望的人或物 vt.希望得到；想要；渴望；期望(1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth渴望做某事desire sb to do sth 希望某人做某事desire that.(should) do. 渴望(3)desirable adj. 令人向往的It is obvious that they have

22、 no desire for peace.很明显，他们没有和平的愿望。他母亲希望他当老师。His mother desired_him_to_be a teacher.His mother desired that he_(should)_be_a_teacher.名师指津 desire后接宾语从句或同位语从句，从句中谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略。6.apply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求(1)apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某物apply to 适用于apply sth to sth 把某物应用(涂抹)于apply onese

23、lf to 致力于/集中精力于(2)application n. 申请(书)；用途applicant n. 申请人My name is Li Hua.And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our school English association.(2018浙江高考书面表达)我的名字是李华。我写信想申请成为校英语协会的一名志愿者。He has applied to the school for scholarship.他已向学校申请了奖学金。If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you

24、ll soon finish it.Applying_yourself_to_the_job_in_hand，youll_soon_finish_it.(改为简单句)Apply_yourself_to_the_job_in_hand_and_youll_soon_finish_it.(改为“祈使句and陈述句”)John，I think honesty is the best policy for my coming interview.Well，that rule _ everyone.But be flexible then.A.caters to B.appeals toC.applie

25、s to D.objects to答案C句意：约翰，我认为对于即将到来的面试，诚实才是上策。噢，这个原则适用于每个人，但到时要灵活。cater to迎合(的爱好)；appeal to呼吁，对有吸引力；apply to适用于；object to反对。7.superior adj.(在品质上)更好的，占优势的；高级的，有优越感的n.上级，上司be superior to超过；优于；胜过have superiority over/to .in. 在方面比有优势superiority n. 优势；优越感Your computer is far superior to/is much better th

26、an mine.你的电脑比我的好得多。Humans have_superiority_over/to other animals in intelligence.人类比其他动物具有智力上的优势。Zhao Liying is my favorite film star.I consider her _ other stars.A.more superior to B.more superior thanC.superior to D.superior than答案C句意：赵丽颖是我最喜欢的电影明星。我认为她比其他明星优秀。be superior to比更好，superior没有比较级。名师指津

27、superior用作形容词时，本身含有“较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式，用“superior.to.”表示“两事物的比较”。能这么用的词还有：inferior(劣于；次于)，previous(以前)，senior(高级)，junior(低级)，prior(优先)等。8.set sail 启航set sail from.for.从启航去set about (doing)sth 开始/着手(做)某事set down 记下；放下；让(乘客)下车set out to do sth 着手(做)某事set off 动身；出发；使(烟花、炸弹)爆炸set up 建立；创立set aside 留出；把

28、放在一边；不理会选用上述短语填空We set_about discussing when and how we should finish the task.As a traditional way to celebrate the New Year，setting_off firecrackers is welcomed by most Chinese people.We set_sail at dawn and headed for New York.So set_aside some time each day to write，even if it is only five minut

29、es.e across 偶然碰到；发现；被理解come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)come up 走近；发生；被提及/讨论；发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起come about 发生；造成come along 跟着；前来；参加come on 出场；快点；加油come out 显出；出版；结果是选用上述短语填空The sky was dark blue when the moon came_up.I came_across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.Day after day I kept coming_up

30、_with solutions，but none of them worked.Theres a barbecue tonight and youre very welcome to come_along.That came_about when we went to New York last year.10.result in 导致；结果是(1)as a result结果as a result of 由于；作为的结果without result 毫无结果地(2)result from 由引起As_a_result，people will eat more food to try to ma

31、ke up for that something missing.结果，人们会吃更多的食物来弥补失去的东西。He was careless.As a result，he died.He died as_a_result_of his carelessness.His carelessness resulted_in his death.His death resulted_from his carelessness.11.“by时间点”与完成时连用By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyp

32、tian kings.(教材原句)到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。“by时间点”构成的介词短语，表示“到时候”。这一结构通常用于完成时态的句中作时间状语。(1)by过去时间点，主语谓语(过去完成时态)宾语(2)by现在时间点，主语谓语(现在完成时态)宾语(3)by将来时间点，主语谓语(将来完成时态/将来时态)宾语(4)By now，five villagers have been attacked by the hairy creature.到现在为止，已经有5个村民被那个多毛动物袭击了。By the time Dale was a senior，he

33、had_won every top honor in speech.到戴尔是一个高中生的时候，他在演讲上已赢得了每一项最高荣誉。Silk _ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A.had become B.was becomingC.has become D.is becoming答案A句意：到大约公元前 100 年时，丝绸就已成为沿丝绸之路进行交易的主要货物之一。“by过去时间”作状语，谓语应用过去完成时态。根据句意可知选A。12.the first /second/./last(n.)to

34、 do sthIn 1932，she became the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic.(教材原句)在1932年她成为第一个独自飞越大西洋的女性。(1)当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及the only，the very修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式可以用来修饰人或物，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，即作后置定语。(3)to come将来的；to spare剩余的。这两个短语常放在时间名词后面作后置定语。He is the only one to survive the accident.他是这次事故中唯一的幸存者。T

35、he deal，_ next week，will allow Charney to make a great fortune in the stock market.A.completedB.being completedC.to be completedD.having been completed答案C句意：下周将要完成的交易，会使查尼在股市大赚一笔。由时间状语next week可知，此处用动词不定式的被动形式，表示将来。13.强调句型 .it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the s

36、tatus of Chinas first astronaut.(教材原句)他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。(1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他部分(若被强调的是人，可用that或who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一律用that)。另外要注意：强调句型不能用来强调谓语动词，对谓语动词的强调一般是在动词前加do，does，did。(2)强调句的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他部分？(3)强调句的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is/was itthat其他部分？(4)对not.until.句型中的时间

37、状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他部分。It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.(江西高考书面表达)是诚信让我们创造了一个和谐的气氛。直到作为交流生去了美国他才意识到学好英语的重要性。He didnt_realize_the_importance_of_learning_English_well_until he went to America as an exchange student.(not.until)It_w

38、as_not_until he went to America as an exchange student that_he_realized_the_importance_of_learning_English_well.(not until的强调句)Not until he went to America as an exchange student did_he_realize_the_importance_of_learning_English_well.(倒装句)Its the gap year before going to university _ students can ma

39、ke friends and work on meaningful projects _ may help them understand college life better.(2019常州市教育学会学业水平监测)A.when；that B.which；thatC.when；which D.where；which答案A句意：在上大学之前的间隔年里，学生们可以交到朋友，做一些有意义的项目。正是这样的间隔年有可能帮助他们更好地了解大学生活。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词是the gap year，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when；整个句子是一个强调句，对主语th

40、e gap year进行强调，故用that代替被强调部分。故选A项。 多义词汇专练选出语境中加黑词汇的含义1.superiorA.adj.更好的，更强的B.adj.更高的，上级的C.adj.高傲的D.n.上级，上司These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding，but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.AIll report you to y

41、our superior officer if you do that again.BThey feel it necessary to obey their superior.DDont be so superior，for you are just a learner here.C2.applyA.vi.申请B.vt.使用，应用C.vt.致力于D.vt.涂抹，敷Mark would do very well if he applied himself to his work.CI applied to four universities and was accepted by all of

42、 them.AYou should apply the medicine evenly over the skin in order that it absorbs easily soon.DNew technology is being applied to almost every industrial process.B3.contentA.n.内容B.n.目录C.adj.满意的，满足的D.v.使满足E.n.所含之物，所容纳之物She is reluctant to discuss the content of the play.ABut he is not content to sim

43、ply record these voices before they disappear without record._CHe wisely contented himself with his family and his love of nature.DI emptied the contents of the fridge into carrier bags.EThere is a table of contents in the front of a dictionary.B.用所给词的适当形式填空1.The jazz audience continues to shrink an

44、d grow older，and the music has failed to connect(connection) with younger generations.2.Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity(curious) and a natural drive to explain their worlds.3.Fortunately(fortune)，Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridges closed.4

45、.Viewing childhood development as a scientific(science) investigation throws light on how children learn.5.Ive finished the application(apply) form and personal resume.6.Listening to his inspiring speech，we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)7.

46、He devoted his life to his work，and his devotion to his job is admired by everyone，including some of his devoted friends.(devote)8.Its better for students to take a variety of courses so as to taste various kinds of subjects to find their interest.(vary)9.He wanted to have an organization set up to

47、help those in need，whose organizers could make its work well organized.(organize)10.Having lost his both legs in a severe accident，the young man survived at last，whose survival is really a miracle.(survive) .完成句子1.By the time of tomorrow morning，I will_have_been_on_the_way_to_Beijing.明天早晨的这个时间，我将已在去

48、北京的路上。2.The flowers will die unless_watered every day.这些花如果不能每天浇水就会死去。3.He made_a/his_fortune in the coal and iron business before he went into politics.他从政以前在煤铁业中发了财。4.Although many of the stones have fallen off，the monument remains very_well_preserved.尽管许多石头都已经掉下来了，那个纪念碑仍保存良好。5.Where_was_it_that y

49、ou saw her cell phone yesterday?昨天你是在什么地方看到她的手机的？.句型转换1.That rich man is tired of city life，so he is pleased to live in the country.That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live in the country.2.The organization was set up to protect endangered species from extinction.The organization

50、 was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.3.He was fortunate enough to get to the station within five minutes and caught the last train.Fortunately，he got to the station within five minutes and caught the last train.4.New problems were put forward when they went into the discussion.

51、New problems came up when they went into the discussion.5.She didnt mention her own plan until near the end of the letter.It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.单项填空1.Chinas Sun Yang won two gold medals at 2012 London Olympic Games.His hard work has finally_.Lets

52、 congratulate him.A.put off B.shown offC.got off D.paid off答案Dput off意为“推迟，延期”，show off意为“炫耀”，get off意为“下车”，pay off意为“成功，带来好结果；还清”。此处指“孙扬的刻苦努力终于带来好结果了”。2.We did all we could to _ his creative thinking，expecting that he could think up some new ideas for the project.A.expand B.inspireC.present D.instr

53、uct答案B句意：我们倾尽全力鼓励他的创造性思考，期待他能为这个工程想出一些新的点子来。inspire鼓舞，鼓励，符合语境。expand扩张，膨胀；present呈现；instruct指导。3.Beethoven is my favourite musician.I regard him as _ other musicians.A.superior to B.more superiorC.more superior than D.superior答案Abe superior to优于，比更好。故选A。4.When I talked with my grandma on the phone，s

54、he sounded weak，but by the time we _ up，her voice had been full of life.A.were hanging B.had hungC.hung D.would hang答案C句意：当我与祖母通电话时，她听起来很虚弱，但是当我们挂电话时，她的声音已经充满活力。主句用了过去完成时，因此从句用一般过去时。5.In Zhejiangs Zhoushan，all water traffic and tourist attractions _ by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year

55、was on the way.A.has been closed B.were closedC.had been closed D.have closed答案C此句时间的参照点是was，再根据by Tuesday常和完成时连用，因为这儿表示过去，故用过去完成时。又因为all water traffic and tourist attractions与close间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。6.Did your son go to the dentists to have his bad tooth pulled out?Yes，though_.A.contentedly B.

56、reluctantlyC.earnestly D.controversially答案B句意：你儿子去医生那儿拔牙了吗？是的，尽管很不情愿。reluctantly不情愿地，符合语境。contentedly满足地；earnestly热切地；controversially充满争议地。7.Share prices are falling sharply，which _ investors from buying and selling shares.A.prevents B.protectsC.discourages D.persuades答案C句意：股票价格的急剧下跌大大挫伤了投资者买卖股票的信心。

57、discourage表示“使泄气”，符合句意。prevent阻止；protect保护；persuade说服。8.We hurried to the school shop，only _ that our favourite food had been sold out.A.being told B.tellingC.to be told D.to tell答案Conly to do sth常用来作结果状语，且表示出乎意料的结果。而B项动词ing形式作结果状语时，表示一种自然的结果。9.She has little time for her hobbies and interests becau

58、se she shows great _ to her work.A.attention B.desireC.devotion D.respect答案Cdevotion在此句中意为“专心”。她对工作非常专心，所以几乎没有时间从事自己的兴趣爱好。这与“注意”、“愿望，渴望，欲望”、“尊敬”无关。10.Such knowledge is still useful when _ to similar situations in other countries.A.applies B.to applyC.applying D.applied答案D句意：当在其他国家，这种知识被应用于相似的情况时仍然有用

59、。此处是省略的状语从句，补充完整应该是when it is applied to.。在状语从句中，如果从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，且谓语动词是be动词的时候，可以将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。11.He accumulated a _ by buying and selling used cars and became one of the richest persons in the town several years ago.A.fortune B.formatC.fountain D.friction答案A句意：几年前，他买卖旧汽车积累了一笔财富，这使他成为了镇上最富有的人之一。

60、fortune财富；format格式，结构；fountain泉水，喷泉；friction摩擦，不和。12.Personally，it was his laziness rather than his intelligence that _ the failure.A.resulted from B.resulted inC.made up for D.gave in to答案B句意：我个人认为，是他的懒惰而不是智力导致了失败。根据句意应选择result in导致；result from由引起；make up for弥补；give in to屈服于，向让步。13.Music grows and

61、evolves through the _ of different cultures and styles.A.interaction B.competitionC.connection D.interpretation答案A句意：音乐是通过不同文化和风格的互相影响而发展和演变的。interaction互相影响，互相作用，符合语境。competition竞争；connection联系；interpretation理解，演绎。14.The economy of our country is in trouble at present，but we are _ about its future.

62、A.cautious B.scepticalC.curious D.optimistic答案D句意：虽然我们国家的经济目前处于困境中，但我们对它的未来非常乐观。cautious谨慎的；小心的；sceptical怀疑的；curious好奇的；optimistic乐观的。15.Now there are more parks in the area，the largest of which was created to _ some of the forests in the north of the state.A.expand B.multiplyC.preserve D.strengthen

63、答案C句意：现在这个地区有更多的公园了，而其中最大的公园是为了保护该州北部地区的一些森林而建的。preserve保护，保留，符合语境。expand使扩大，扩展；multiply使繁殖；strengthen加强。.完形填空(2019盐城市高三三模)Stephen Hawking dies at 76 today，the day coinciding with the birthday of another legend of science，Albert Einstein.His _1_ are in a state of deep shock and have tweeted that the

64、 death of the greatest scientist is _2_ for they believed the man to be immortal.Theres one thing thats certain and its death，_3_ how and when it comes is something that cant be in ones hands.Or can it be？Looking at how Hawking survived over half a century of being _4_ the death sentence，the scales

65、are tipping toward a yes.And he indeed just didnt _5_it；he succeeded.“However difficult life may seem，there is always something you can do and _6_ at，”he said.During the course of his rare disease，his _7_ to the field of physics stands out miraculously.Now，what made the man a genius of mind？Was it h

66、is willpower or his _8_ misfortune that strengthened his mind？He was _9_ with a crippling disease at the age of 21，which progressively disables the individual.In the _10_ of his genius，however，fortune _11_ him since then.His scientific work got _12_ and better.The man，whose body was so fragile and s

67、eemed to _13_ his genius，never gave up.Some experts say perhaps Hawking was _14_ diagnosed and this is the reason of his surviving over half acentury.Also，doctors say the disease spread _15_ than it does in most of the patients，giving him more time.Hawking himself said，“I have been lucky that my con

68、dition has _16_ more slowly.But it shows that one need not lose _17_.”Hawking seemed unaffected by the drawbacks life _18_ at him.He calls all his accomplishments that followed his disease a _19_.He indeed is a unique example of two mind powers _20_an astonishing willpower and a strong sense of dete

69、rmination.These two helped him fight against all odds.【语篇解读】本文介绍了伟大的物理学家霍金的生平。1.A.ancestors B.doctors C.opponents D.followers答案D霍金的崇拜者们陷入极度震惊中，他们在推特上对他的去世表示难以置信，因为他们认为这个人应该是永恒的。ancestor意为“祖先”；opponent意为“对手”；follower意为“追随者”，选D。2.A.unavoidable B.unreasonableC.unbelievable D.unpredictable答案Cunavoidable

70、意为“不可避免的”；unreasonable意为“不合理的”；unbelievable意为“难以置信的”；unpredictable意为“无法预测的”。根据上一题解析可知选C。3.A.or B.butC.so D.for答案B有一件事是必然的，那就是死亡。不过，死亡什么时候、以什么方式出现不是人可以控制的。根据句意可知选B，前后表示转折关系。4.A.handed over B.turned overC.taken over D.run over答案Ahand over本义为“递交”，符合语境，即霍金的死刑判决在半个世纪之前就已经传达给他了(指他身患难以恢复的疾病)。故选A。turn over意

71、为“打翻”；take over意为“接管”；run over意为“碾压”。5.A.share B.controlC.change D.survive答案Dsurvive意为“挺过去；幸存”。文章开头提到他去世了，所以没有“挺过去”。选D。6.A.succeed B.wonderC.point D.laugh答案A无论生活看起来多么困难，你总可以做些什么，并可以成功。与前文的he succeeded相对应，选A符合语境。7.A.explanation B.distributionC.contribution D.attention答案C在身患罕见疾病期间，霍金对物理学的贡献是非常突出的。expl

72、anation意为“解释”；distribution意为“分配”；contribution意为“贡献；捐助”；attention意为“注意”。根据句意可知，选C。8.A.mental B.emotionalC.financial D.physical答案Dmental意为“精神的”；emotional意为“感情脆弱的”；financial意为“财政的”；physical意为“身体的”。根据该空后面的misfortune可知，选D符合语境，即身体上的不幸。9.A.infected B.occupiedC.diagnosed D.concerned答案C21岁时，他被诊断为患有一种致残性疾病。根据

73、句意可知，选C正确，diagnose意为“诊断”。infect意为“感染”；occupy意为“占据”；concern意为“使关心，涉及”。10.A.respect B.eventC.face D.name答案A句意：然而，在天赋方面，命运从此开始青睐他。in the respect of意为“在方面”，符合语境。in the event of意为“万一，倘若”；in the face of意为“面对”；in the name of意为“以的名义”。11.A.tricked B.favoredC.rejected D.abandoned答案B根据上题解析可知，选B项正确，favor此处意为“偏爱

74、，喜爱”。trick意为“欺骗，把戏”；reject意为“拒绝接受”；abandon意为“离开，放弃”。12.A.thicker B.tougherC.simpler D.lighter答案Athicker此处指“(领域)更宽广的；(研究)更深入的”，符合语境，即他的科研工作越来越深入。选A。13.A.corrupt B.failC.spot D.strike答案Bfail his genius意为“辜负他的天分”，符合语境，fail在这里指“辜负”。corrupt意为“使腐烂”；spot意为“找出，辨出”；strike意为“击打，攻击”。14.A.precisely B.entirelyC.

75、luckily D.wrongly答案D有些科学家说，霍金可能是被误诊了。选D。precisely意为“精确地”。15.A.easier B.harderC.slower D.quicker答案C根据后半句话的giving him more time，以及后面霍金说的那句话可知，医生说，疾病在霍金身上的扩散比其他人要慢。16.A.evolved B.progressedC.recovered D.improved答案Bprogress此处是指“扩散”，很幸运的是，他身上的疾病扩散很慢。选B。evolve意为“形成”；recover意为“恢复”；improve意为“改善”。17.A.fate B

76、.hopeC.health D.fortune答案B我的病表明，人不能失去希望。选B。18.A.screamed B.barkedC.threw D.shot答案C霍金似乎不受扰于生活丢给他的不幸。scream意为“尖声喊叫”；bark意为“叫骂”；shoot意为“射中，射击”选C。19.A.bonus B.depositC.reward D.gain答案A这句话的大意是，他把患病后他所取得的成就看作是额外奖励。bonus意为“奖金；额外津贴”；deposit意为“存款；定金”。根据句意可知，A项正确。20.A.multiplied B.combinedC.exploited D.separa

77、ted答案B霍金是两种精神力量相结合的独特个案。multiply意为“乘，增加”；combine意为“结合”；exploit意为“开发，剥削”；separate意为“分离，分开”。根据句意可知，选B符合语境。.阅读理解(2019宿迁、徐州六市高三第二次调研)Zelda DAprano was an unstoppable force，and if you didnt like it，you best got out of the way.Its through my work as a director of the Victorian Womens Trust that I got to k

78、now Zelda，and she has been a personal hero of mine ever since.I feel lucky for every conversation we had together.Each time I walked away feeling like I could do anything，and she used those powers very skillfully.She told me to ask for more from the world，even if I wanted the sun.So，to honour my fri

79、end：Ill have your moon too，thanks.As a staunch feminist(女权主义者)，labour unionist，and pay justice advocate，Zelda had an everlasting impact on the womens movement and labour movements within Australia.She also took the time in her later years to help and nurture young feminists.I，and many others，are ben

80、eficiaries of that kindness.She left school at 14 to join the workforce，and it was in this factory work that she began to witness the firsthand inequality between male and female workers.With each job she took she would point out the injustice of this disparity(悬殊) to her employers and would be swif

81、tly dismissed.She didnt care about personal consequences，she cared about fairness.In 1969，fed up with the lack of progress for women，Zelda secured herself to the doors of the Commonwealth Building to protest the dismissal in the arbitration court of the equal pay case，of which she was a test case wi

82、th the Australasian Meat Industry Employees Union (AMIEU).In an alltoofamiliar pattern，for this “outspokenness” she was fired from the AMIEU.The legislation Zelda fought for has been all but eroded(逐渐消失的).The Equal Pay Act of 1972 has been aggressively watered down to become the “Fair Work Act” and

83、no longer even mentions “pay equality”，“gender discrimination” or “equal pay”.We_allowed_ourselves_to_be_the_frogs_in_the_hot_water.Zelda noticed，and Im heartbroken she couldnt stay long enough to see us fix it.But fix it we will.When Zelda was chained to the doors of parliament，a police officer beg

84、an to criticize her.“Arent you embarrassed？Its just you on your own，”he said.Without hesitating，she replied “No.Because soon there will be three，then there will be five，and then there will be.”She was right.Ten days after her protest she was joined by Alva Geikie and Thelma Solomon.From that action，

85、the three women founded the Womens Action Committee and the Womens Liberation Centre，from which the Womens Liberation Movement in Melbourne was born.This changed the landscape of feminist organising in Australia forever.In her 1995 biography，Zelda described wanting to get more women involved in acti

86、vism，because “we had passed the stage of caring about a ladylike image because women had for too long been polite.and were still being ignored”.She didnt care about what people thought of her，she cared about fairness.The Womens Action Committee organised the very first prochoice rally in 1975，with a

87、n impressive turnout of over 500 women.It was reported by the media as a “horde of angry barefoot women” taking to the streets.Zelda assured me they were definitely wearing shoes.She really did walk the walk，throughout her entire life.In 2015，the Victorian Trades Hall Council introduced the Zelda DA

88、prano Award for union activism.In a bittersweet coincidence，the nominations(提名) for the 2018 award opened on the very day she passed away.The flag at Trades Hall was lowered to half mast in her honour.The legacy(遗产) of Zelda DAprano cannot be contained within memorial writings，and it cannot die.It l

89、ives within the hearts of feministsyoung and oldwho，inspired by her spirit，will continue to fight for equality and fairness.It lives in the fire in our bellies.It lives in the smirk(假笑) we wear when we are doubted.Even through the heartache of loss，it lives.【语篇解读】文章介绍了女权主义运动领袖Zelda的有关经历和事迹。1.The ope

90、ning paragraph is mainly intended to_.A.provide some key information about Zelda DApranoB.direct the readers attention to the powerful symbolC.express great admiration for the great feministD.prove the popularity of the great feminist答案B推理判断题。根据第一段结合全文大意可知，该段是为了引出女权主义运动领袖Zelda这位传奇人物，因此选B项符合题意。2.Whic

91、h of the following is the correct order of the major events in Zeldas life?a.She was fired from the AMIEU.b.She left school at 14 to join the workforce.c.She cofounded the Womens Action Committee.d.The Womens Action Committee organised the very first prochoice rally.e.The Zelda DAprano Award for uni

92、on activism was introduced.A.e，a，b，d，c B.b，c，d，a，e C.b，a，c，d，e D.e，b，c，d，a答案C排序题。分析文章大意可知，作者按时间顺序介绍了女权主义运动领袖Zelda的有关经历和事迹。结合第三段第一句、第四段最后一句、第六段倒数第二句、第八段第一句、第九段第一句可知C项正确。3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 imply?A.Zelda DApranos efforts were far from enough.B.The authorities approved th

93、e The Equal Pay Act of 1972.C.People could hardly put up with the inequality and unfairness.D.People submitted to the worsening situation about womens rights.答案D句意猜测题。根据第五段第二句可知，画线句子说的应该是人们已经屈从于那些针对女性应有权利的不公平现象。因此选D项符合语境。4.Which of the following can best describe Zelda?A.Determined，tolerant and real

94、istic.B.Determined，ambitious and optimistic.C.Conservative，stubborn and aggressive.D.Independent，narrowminded and generous.答案B推理判断题。通读全文可知，Zelda是一个有决心、有雄心壮志而且积极乐观的人。A项中的tolerant未提及，C项中的stubborn，D项中的narrowminded都与原文不相符。因此选B。5.We can infer from the last paragraph that the author_.A.appeals to people t

95、o follow in Zeldas footstepsB.encourages people to doubt the governments decisionC.calls for the feminists to value the hardwon peaceful lifeD.urges people to get over their heartache of losing Zelda答案A推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，最后一段主要是呼吁大家追随Zelda的脚步。所以选A。6.What is the best title for the passage?A.A Terrible

96、 Loss of Human JusticeB.An Unrealized Dream for Fair PayC.A Review of Australian Social PrejudiceD.A Pioneer in Gender Equality and Fairness答案D标题选择题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了女权主义者Zelda的事迹和经历。所以选D项符合题意。.阅读理解A(2019苏、锡、常、镇四市高三教情调研二)Fun is hard to have.Fun is a rare jewel.Somewhere along the line people got the mode

97、rn idea that fun was there for the asking，that people deserved fun，that if we didnt have a little fun every day，we would turn into puritans(清教徒). “Was it fun？” became the question that overshadowed all other questions.When the pleasure got to be the main thing，the fun fetish(迷恋) was sure to follow.E

98、verything was supposed to be fun.If it wasnt fun，then we were going to make it fun，or else.Think of all the things that got the reputation of being fun.Family outings were supposed to be fun.Education was supposed to be fun.Work was supposed to be fun.Walt Disney，church and staying fit were supposed

99、 to be fun.Fun got to be such a big thing that everybody started to look for more and more thrilling ways to supply it.One way was to step up the level of danger so that you could be sure that，no matter what，you would manage to have a little fun.Big occasions were supposed to be fun，such as Christma

100、s，Thanksgiving and Easter.But we ended up going through every big event we ever celebrated，waiting for the fun to start.So I should tell you just in case youre worried about your fun capacity while you are sitting around waiting for the fun to start，that not much is.I dont mean to put a damper on th

101、ings.I just mean we ought to treat_fun_reverently.It is a mystery.It cannot be caught like a virus.It cannot be trapped like an animal.When fun comes in on little dancing feet，we probably wont be expecting it.In fact，I bet it comes when were doing our duty，our job.I remember one day，long ago，on whic

102、h I had an especially good time.Pam Davis and I，aged 12，walked into a store that morning to buy some candy.She got her BitOHoney.I got my malted milk balls，chocolate stars.Then we started back to her house.It was a long way to Pams house but every time we got weary，Pam would put her hand over her ey

103、es，scan the horizon like a sailor and say，“We ought to reach home by nightfall，”at which point the two of us would laugh until we thought we couldnt stand it another minute.Then after we got calm，shed say it again.You should have been there.It was the kind of day and friendship and occasion that mad

104、e me deeply regretful that I had to grow up.It is fun.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍找到快乐的方法。1.What does the author mainly want to talk about in this passage?A.The definition of fun.B.The importance of fun.C.The best way to find fun.D.The common occasions to find fun.答案C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述发现乐趣的方法。故选C。2.When the au

105、thor tells us to “treat_fun_reverently”，she is encouraging us to_.A.look forward to having fun B.show great respect for funC.have fun less frequentlyD.teach others how to have fun答案B推理判断题。根据第七段倒数第三、四句可知，画线句子是指我们要从内心尊重自己可得到的快乐。3.Who would benefit most from the article?A.Those who have great fun in bi

106、g occasions.B.Those who prefer friendship to having fun.C.Those who are worried about not having fun.D.Those who regret having grown up.答案C推理判断题。根据第七段第三句可知，文章适合给那些担心找不到快乐的人看。因此选C。B(2019南京市高三9月学情调研)Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol is an absolute classic.And even if you dont want to write exactly lik

107、e Dickens，theres something，a technique，an idea，a theme，etc.，that every writer can pull from Dickens writing.“Make them laugh，make them cry，make them wait，”was Dickenss motto and his method.Unfortunately，the use of humor escapes many writers today，especially those who seek to write serious fiction.Di

108、ckens was a master of high humorsatire，puns，wordplay，and a curious method of characterizing that made fun of his own creations even as he fleshed them out with life.You can use the same techniques employed to such good effect by Dickens to add humor to your work.Try to exaggerate your characters a b

109、it.Underline passages that strike you as particularly，funny.Then use a similar tone or approach when describing one of your own characters，especially people you wish to make fun of.This type of humor will not，it is important to stress，detract_from the high tone or seriousness of your subject.Instead

110、，it will add a much appreciated human element to otherwise serious writing.The second element of Dickens famous motto focuses on his use of strong emotion.As Aristotle pointed out in his Poetics，emotional appeals are one of the chief devices of the lecturer and，by extension，of the novelist.Novels we

111、rent invented back in Aristotles time，but drama was，and he pointed to examples from the ancient Greek dramatists where arousing the audiences pity and fear was planned in advance by the dramatist.In a similar way，a novelist can learn from Dickens how to make readers feel strong emotions.We may find

112、it harder to cry，but Dickens was a master of situations that bring on the sympathy needed to cause reader emotion.The very memorable death of Nell in The Old Curiosity Shop (1841) had greatly moved American readers.In composing that scene，he went back in his mind to the great pain he had suffered wh

113、en he watched helplessly as seventeenyearold Mary Hogarth，his sisterinlaw，died in his arms some years earlier.The message is clear：to create emotion you must feel emotion.In a wonderful little book，Charles Dickens as Serial Novelist (1967)，Archibald C.Coolidge Jr.says the serial(连载小说) form of public

114、ation put certain pressures on Dickens that forced him to solve a typical novelists problems (such as how to maintain readers interest) in strikingly bold ways.One of his most important techniques and one which is often overlooked by writers who prefer literary fiction is the use of an element of my

115、stery and suspense.Dickens called it his mystery story technique.An example of the mystery that runs through Bleak House (1853) is the identity of Esthers mother.By the time the truth is revealed，the reader is worked up to great interest.To provide a mystery in your mainstream novel，you might choose

116、 some aspect of the story that can be concealed from the reader.Then do not reveal too much.only tell as much as is needed.You can use the same Dickensian mystery story technique in your own work.You can even lead readers in the wrong direction，provided one of the characters reasonably believes the

117、wrong thing，as Pip does when he suspects that his benefactor(捐助者) is Miss Havisham.Sometimes，the less you tell，the more readers love it.So，by all means，make them wait.【语篇解读】虽然每个作家都有自己的写作风格，但是查尔斯狄更斯的作品还是能够使每个作家从中受益，尤其是他的幽默和强烈的情感等写作技巧很值得借鉴。4.The underlined phrase “detract from”in Paragraph 3 means “_”

118、.A.make fun of B.lay emphasis onC.reduce the level of D.adopt the technique of答案C词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的add a much appreciated human element to可知，画线短语的意思是“贬低，减损”。故选项C符合题意。5.Aristotles idea is mentioned in Paragraph 4 to_.A.explain the similarities between novels and dramasB.show ancient Greek dramatists a

119、bility to use strong emotionC.display Charles Dickens talent to use strong emotion in his worksD.emphasize the necessity of using strong emotion in writing novels答案D推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，第四段提及亚里士多德的观点是为了强调在写作小说时使用强烈的情感的必要性。故选项D正确。6.What is the purpose of using Dickensian mystery story technique?A.To mis

120、lead the target readers.B.To portray the main characters.C.To maintain readers interest.D.To reveal important information.答案C推理判断题。根据最后一段前三句可知，使用狄更斯式的怪诞小说技巧的目的是保持读者的阅读兴趣。故选项C符合题意。7.What is the best title of the passage?A.Write Just Like Charles DickensB.Analyze Charles Dickens PersonalitiesC.Highlig

121、hts of Charles Dickens WorksD.Introduction to Charles Dickens Writing Techniques答案A标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了查尔斯狄更斯的几种值得每一个作家学习和借鉴的写作技巧。作者希望大家能够像查尔斯狄更斯那样写作。故选项A符合题意。.任务型阅读(2019苏州市高三第一学期期末考试)Are we more narcissistic than ever before?Like the flower，narcissism (自恋) has continued to flourish in modern civili

122、zation，which has become such a part of culture.But narcissism in psychology is more than a single question can capture，which really has three types of narcissism.Problems arise when people discuss narcissism without identifying the form.Grandiose(浮夸) narcissism is the outgoing，extraverted (外向) form.

123、The narcissistic individual believes he or she is smarter，better looking and more important than others.And，of course，he or she gets special treatment for this fact.In fact，some of them can be very charming，likable and enjoy people.On the opposite side，narcissistic relationships are often not very e

124、motionally warm or caring.Vulnerable(脆弱) narcissism is the second flavor of narcissism.It is harder to see than grandiose narcissism.Vulnerable narcissists think they have the right to get special treatment and greatness but actually have low selfconfidence and are not typically extraverted.Imagine

125、someone living in his mums small room.He spends his evenings watching X Factor believing he should be the next famous star singing act.Unfortunately，he hasnt the confidence to do it and instead becomes a net citizen，who posts offensive，controversial，or divisive materials on an Internet community.The

126、 third form of narcissism occurs when narcissism is extreme and causes clinically serious problems in a persons lifemarriages fall apart，friends are lost，a career is over.When this occurs narcissism can be identified as a personality disordernarcissistic personality disorder(also known as NPD)，conta

127、ining a mix of both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism.Can you change narcissism or NPD？There is no simple answer to this.For grandiose narcissism，what I often do is suggest practicing caring and compassion，doing what you are passionate about rather than what gets your attention and being responsib

128、le for your mistakes as well as successes.For vulnerable narcissism I would add to this list with practices that reduce depression and anxiety.Develop a sense of belonging or a friendship network；participate in physical exercise；or practice a form of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings.For N

129、PD，there is no single，scientifically affirmed treatment of choice.But pay attention to the following.First，people with NPD are often reluctant to enter treatment because in their mind they do not have a problemeveryone else does.Second，it is challenging for doctors to keep individuals with NPD in tr

130、eatment.Narcissism is increasing and while social media hasnt been proven to actually create narcissists，it does give them a new platform to gain attention and admiration.Still，I remain optimistic that people can change if they are motivated，have the right tools，and know what type of narcissism they

131、 are dealing with.Are we more narcissistic than ever before？Current situation about narcissismNarcissism has developed to become a part of culture.Narcissism is more (1)_ than expected in psychology.(2)_ of narcissism in divided typesA narcissist is outgoing and socially confident，sometimes showing

132、loveliness.A narcissist considers himself to be such an unusual person as to be treated (3)_.A narcissist is often cold and likely to (4)_ care in emotion towards others.Vulnerable narcissism is more (5)_than grandiose one.A narcissist isnt actually confident though in his opinion he (6)_ special th

133、ings.Narcissism is quite extreme to cause serious problems in clinic，affecting the personal life.The approaches to treating narcissism or NPDBe more considerate，do favorite things and take (7)_ for whatever they do.Try to (8)_ by making more friends，doing exercise and so on.Help people with NPD to r

134、ealize they have problems and not to (9)_ treatment.The future trendNarcissism is increasing perhaps because of social media.Narcissism can be (10)_ if handled actively in proper ways.【语篇解读】就如同花儿一样，自恋也一直不断地在现代文明中“绽放”，而且成为文化的一部分。自恋可分为浮夸型自恋、脆弱型自恋以及极端的自恋。本文从自恋的现状、自恋类型的特点、治疗自恋或者自恋型人格障碍的方法以及未来的趋势这四个方面来论述

135、了我们是否比过去更自恋。plicated/complex根据文章第一段的But narcissism in psychology.types of narcissism可知，心理学上的自恋并不是一个简单的问题就能够断定的，比预计的更为复杂。故complicated/complex符合题意。 2.Features/Characteristics综合文章第二、三、四段的内容可知，该部分主要介绍了不同类型的自恋的特点。故Features/Characteristics正确。 3.specially根据文章第二段的And，of course，he or she gets special treatme

136、nt for this fact可知，自恋者认为自己与众不同，应该得到特殊的待遇。由special treatment可知specially正确。 4.lack根据文章第二段的On the opposite side，narcissistic relationships are often not very emotionally warm or caring可知，另一方面，自恋者与他人的关系常常缺乏情感上的温暖和关怀。根据not very emotionally warm or caring可知lack符合题意。 5.hidden/concealed根据文章第三段的It is harder

137、to see than grandiose narcissism可知，比起浮夸型自恋，脆弱型自恋较难察觉。显然，脆弱型自恋比浮夸型自恋更会隐藏。故hidden/concealed符合题意。 6.deserves根据文章第三段的Vulnerable narcissists think.not typically extraverted可知，脆弱型自恋者认为自己有权享受特殊待遇和荣耀时刻，但实际上他们不甚自信，通常也不属于典型的外向型人格。根据have the right to get special treatment and greatness可知，deserves符合题意。 7.respon

138、sibility根据文章第五段的For grandiose narcissism.as well as successes可知，对于浮夸型自恋，我通常的做法是建议实践关怀和同情，做你所热衷而不是让你受人瞩目的事情，对自己的错误和成功负起责任。根据being responsible for可知responsibility正确。take responsibility for为固定短语，意为“对负责”。 8.relax根据文章第五段的For vulnerable narcissism.thoughts and feelings可知，对于脆弱型自恋，我会建议在这个单子上增加些能减少压抑和焦虑的事情。培

139、养归属感或者朋友圈，参加体育锻炼，或者是练习冥想。显然，这样做的目的就是尽量让自己放松。故relax符合题意。 9.refuse根据文章第五段的First，people with NPD.everyone else does可知，患有自恋型人格障碍的人通常不愿意接受治疗，因为他们认为自己没问题，有问题的是其他人。根据reluctant to enter treatment可知refuse符合题意。 10.changed/changeable根据文章最后一段的Still，I remain optimistic.are dealing with可知，我仍然乐观地认为人们可以改变，只要他们有充足的动机，使用正确的方法，并且清楚意识到自己面对的是哪一种类型的自恋。根据people can change可知changed/changeable正确。