2020-2021学年人教版英语选修8习题：课时作业19 UNIT 5 LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE .doc

1、.阅读理解Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 025 drops of water or juice as a reward.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols t

2、o get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone，who led the team，described the experiment：In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.On one part of the screen，a symbol would appear，and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown.For exam

3、ple，the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice；if they went for the circle，they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers17 in this example.Af

4、ter running hundreds of tests，the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time，indicating that they were performing a calculation，not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely，they noti

5、ced that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in valuesometimes choosing，for example，a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.The underestimation was systematic：When adding two numbers，the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two，and t

6、hen added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，”Dr Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验，实

7、验发现猴子能进行基本的加法运算。1What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?AThey fed them.BThey named them.CThey trained them.DThey measured them.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys.”和“The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to

8、 get the reward.”可知研究者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。其他三项均未提及。2How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?ABy drawing a circle.BBy touching a screen.CBy watching videos.DBy mixing two drinks.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven d

9、rops of water or juice.”可知猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到奖励的，故选B项。其他三项均不是猴子所做的事。3What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys?AThey could perform basic addition.BThey could understand simple words.CThey could memorize numbers easily.DThey could hold their attention for long.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴

10、子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。4In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment.BHealth.CEducation.DScience.答案：D解析：推理判断题。全文围绕科学实验展开研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。.语法填空I ran my first race when I was nine.My dad, _1_ was a marathon runner,

11、entered my siblingsand me into the race.I started running half marathons less than two years ago.I wanted to run theNYC Marathon _2_ memory of my father, who ran it when I was two years old and always talked about it as I _3_ (grow) up.He passed away almost two years ago on the date of _4_ marathon,

12、 soI wanted to run it for him.He _5_ (frequent) said that running that race was the greatest feeling.He would describe running over the Verrazano Bridge and the sense of friendship among runners.I was looking forward to _6_ (gain) the experience of running through the various _7_ (district) and seei

13、ng so many people who came out.Ive always done it for physical fitness and stress management.But when my dad suffered a stroke _8_ couldnt run anymore, it was the most upsetting thing for him.Seeing _9_ happened to him made me want to run more.I think Ill be running as long as I _10_ physically do i

14、t.1who解析：考查定语从句。dad后的从句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为dad，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导该非限制性定语从句。2in解析：考查介词。in memory of是固定短语，表示“为了纪念”。3grew解析：考查时态和语态。本句中的“always talked about it”暗示，这里指在作者的成长过程中，父亲总是跟自己谈到马拉松。因此用一般过去时。I与grow为主谓关系，故填grew。4the解析：考查冠词。定冠词the在此表示特指。5frequently解析：考查词性转换。所填词在句中修饰动词said，因此用副词。6gaining解析：考查非谓语动词。look f

15、orward to中的to是介词，其后接名词、动名词或代词。故此处用gain的动名词形式gaining。7districts解析：考查名词的数。由句中的修饰词“various”可知此处用复数名词districts。8and解析：考查连词。suffered a stroke和couldnt run anymore是承接关系，故用and连接它们。9what解析：考查名词性从句。“Seeing”后的宾语从句缺少主语，所填词表示“的事”，因此用what引导该从句。10can解析：考查情态动词。依据“Ill be running”可知，这里指作者对未来的想法，as long as引导条件状语从句，can在从句中表示能力。