2025版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破 专题3 第1讲 并列句和状语从句课件.ppt

1、第一讲 并列句和状语从句考点突破 精讲即练考点一 并列句的用法并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。并列连词用法例句and,not only.but(also).，both.and.等表并列、顺承或递进关系There the air is clean and the mountains are green.那里空气清新，千山一碧。并列连词用法例句but,yet，whereas等表转折关系The failure was a big blow to him,but he wasnt discouraged and soon got

2、as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有气馁，很快便像以前一样充满热情。并列连词用法例句or,either.or.，not.but.等表选择关系Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。for,so表因果关系(for连接的分句一般不能放在句首，往往表示一种附带的解释、说明或推断)The leaves of the trees are falling,for its already autumn.树叶在飘落，因为秋天已经到了。并列连词用法例句and

3、,or表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句and/or陈述句”中You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.你必须让出路来，否则卡车无法从你身旁通过。while作并列连词，强调两种情况的对比I like black coffee,while he prefers it with milk.我爱喝不加牛奶的咖啡，而他更喜欢喝加牛奶的。【点津】when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时，突然”，常用于下列句式：sb.be about to do/on the po

4、int of doing sth.when.(某人正要做某事，突然)；sb.be doing sth.when.(某人正在做某事，突然);sb.had(just)done sth.when.(某人刚做完某事，突然)。He was about to go out when the telephone rang.他正要出去，这时电话铃响了。He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，突然老板就让他打一封信件。即时演练(一)单句语法填空1The spare room can be

5、 designed as an excellent entertainment center,a playroom,_ a large home office.2Guide dogs offer social,physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind,_ training them is an expensive and long process.3Mo Yan was absorbed in writing his novel _ didnt look up when the reporter came in.orb

6、utand4Another hour _ we will complete the task sent to us.5(2023新课标卷)Its been an honor to watch the panda programme develop _ to see the pandas settle into their new home.andand考点二 状语从句对比记忆9大状语从句项目连接词例句注意事项时间状语从句when,while,as,before，after,since，until,the moment等When I was walking along the street,I

7、met a friend of mine.I will tell him the news the moment he comes.一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时项目连接词例句注意事项地点状语从句where,wherever等Where there is a will,there is a way.We are always welcome wherever we go.注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词项目连接词例句注意事项条件状语从句if,unless,as/so long as,once,

8、oncondition that,in case等You should go to school unless you are seriously ill.He will certainly pass the exam next term if he works hard at his lessons.条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时项目连接词例句注意事项原因状语从句because,since,as，now(that)等He didnt go to school because he was ill.As he is a League member,he

9、 takes the lead in everything in his class.because语气最强，用来说明人们所不知道的原因，回答why提出的问题；since次之，as最弱；as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，用来说明比较明显的原因项目连接词例句注意事项让步状语从句although,though，while,as，even if/though,whatever,however,whoever,no matter what/who/how等Although he is a child,he knows a lot.Tired as/thoughI was,I went on with m

10、y work.I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am.当用though或although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but；as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前项目连接词例句注意事项结果状语从句so.that.，such.that.，so that等He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.It was such an interesting novel that I read it three times.I got up late so that I mi

11、ssed the early bus.在so.that.和such.that.结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词短语项目连接词例句注意事项方式状语从句as,just as,as if,as though等We should work and study as he did.They talked as ifthey had been friends for years.as if,as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气项目连接词例句注意事项比较状语从句as.as，not so.as，比较级than等He

12、 works as hard as everyone else(does)in the class.He is taller thanany other student in our school.可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级thanany other单数可数名词项目连接词例句注意事项目的状语从句so that,in order that,for fear that,in case等She studies hard so that/in order that she can enter a key university.Take an umbrella with you

13、in case it should rain.从句中常用may,might,can,could，should等情态动词即时演练(二)单句语法填空1Though it is 5 years _ he retired from his workplace,the old professor remains active in the academic circles.2Feeling fearful is healthy _ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.sincebecause3.Leave your key with yo

14、ur neighbour _ case you lock yourself out one day.4Therell be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise,so the problems of our environment will get even worse,_ we do something now.inunless集训夯基 素养提能.单句语法填空1(2023全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldnt work,_ somehow thes

15、e two very different worlds make a good combination.解析：考查连词。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldnt work”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。but2(2023浙 江 1月 卷)During Chinas dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing _ arrange

16、d the residential areas according to social classes.解析：考查连词。根据句子结构和句意可知，本句主语为emperors，planned 和 arranged 作并列谓语，且设空前后在语义上为并列关系，因此空白处应用and来连接。故填and。and3(2023 新高考卷)To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出)，_ to put the whole dump

17、ling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.解析：考查连词。whether.or.“是还是”，为固定搭配。故填or。or4(2022 新高考卷)He hung on for a few minutes _screamed for his father,but his father didnt hear him.解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，设空处连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系。故填and。and5(2022全 国 乙 卷)The“First International

18、Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative”issued(发布)at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation _cultural exchanges.解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，international cooperation和cultural exchanges之间为并列关系，应使用and连接。故填and。and6(2021新高考卷)Though it is the on

19、ly unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure _offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，highlights与offers之间为并列关系，都作it的谓语，应使用and连接。故填and。and7(2021全国甲卷)We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was

20、 old and shaky _did the job.解析：考查连词。did the job和My bike was old and shaky之间是转折关系，应用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。8(2021浙江卷)Although Mary loved flowers,_she nor her husband was known as a gardener.解析：考查连词。根据语境和空后的nor可知，此处是固定句式neither.nor.，意为“既不也不”。故填neither。butneither9(2022全国甲卷)Some of these cultural dining eti

21、quette rules may seem random and strange,_ they are important in various countries.解析：考查并列连词。句意：这些文化饮食礼仪规则中的一些可能看起来随意而奇怪，但它们在不同的国家都很重要。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，根据句意，此处表示转折关系。故填but。but10(2020全国卷)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove，I waited patiently _ the oil was hot.解析：考查连词。句意：之后，我把油倒

22、进锅里，打开炉子，耐心地等待，直到油变热。根据句意和句子结构应用until/till。故填until/till。11(2020全国卷)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces _ put them aside.解析：考查连词。句意：首先我把西红柿切成块，并把它们放在一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces与put them aside之间是并列关系，应使用and连接。故填and。until/tilland12(2020全国卷)Actually，I started to learn kungfu when I was seven year

23、s old，_ I have long been out of practice.解析：考查连词。分析句子可知，此处前句提到“我7岁开始学功夫”，后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折关系。故填but/yet。but/yet13(2020新高考全国卷)They kept their collection at home until it got too big _ until they died，and then it was given to a museum.解析：考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏量变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前

24、后陈述的是两个可能性，应使用连词or。故填or。or14(2020全国卷)_ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist，they smiled and pointed down the river.解析：考查状语从句。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Wh

25、en/As。When/As15(全 国 卷)When I studied chemistry in high school，I reconsidered my goal _ decided to be a doctor.解析：考查连词。句意：在高中学化学的时候，我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定成为一名医生。“重新考虑”与“决定成为一名医生”之间是顺承关系。故填and。16(全国卷)Suddenly a football fell just in front of me _ almost hit me.解析：考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺

26、承关系。故填and。andand17(天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _ he wants their support.解析：考查状语从句。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。根据句意可知填unless。故填unless。unless18(北京卷)_ we dont stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone.解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界

27、上的许多动植物将会消失。此处应该用if引导条件状语从句。句首单词首字母大写。故填If。19(天津卷)Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend _ that they get sweet enough to be eaten.解析：考查状语从句。so that意为“以便，为了”，引导目的状语从句，符合语境。故填so。Ifso20(北京卷)If you dont understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people _ you figure it out.解析：考

28、查状语从句。句意：如果不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与他人探讨，直到弄清楚。until/till“直到为止”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填until/till。until/till.语法填空Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners_ come to China cook much less _ in their own countries once they reali

29、ze how cheap it can be to eat out.I still remember _(visit)a friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked _ I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.1.who/that2.than3.visiting4.when_ regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years，its not with

30、out a cost.The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be affordable _ doing this most days adds up.There could be an even _(high)cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problem

31、s.5.While/Though/Although6.but7.higher_ you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home _ dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health _ in your pocket.语篇导读：本文是一篇说

32、明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价，并建议我们要尝试自己做饭，这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开销。8.If9.for10.but解析：1考查定语从句。先行词是westerners(西方人)，用who或that引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。故填who/that。2考查介词。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，他们做饭的次数就会比在自己国家少得多。根据句意可知，此处为比较级。故填than。3考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.记得做过某事。故填visiting。4考查连词。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”。故填when。5考查连词。句意：近年来，尽

33、管经常出去吃饭对很多年轻人来说似乎已经很普遍了，但这并不是没有代价的。此处引导让步状语从句，表 示“虽 然；尽 管”；句 首 单 词 首 字 母 大 写。故 填While/Though/Although。6考查连词。句意：最明显的问题是钱；每周出去吃一两次饭可能负担得起，但大多数时候都这样做负担会加重。前后语义为转折关系。故填but。7考查形容词比较级。“副词even比较级”表示“更”，强调程度。even higher更高。故填higher。8考查状语从句。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题的困扰，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。故填If。9考查介词。go to yo

34、ur mums home for dinner去你妈妈家吃饭。for表示目的，意为“为了要；为了得到”。故填for。10考查连词。not only.but also.不但而且，为固定搭配，also可省略。故填but。.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意连接词的运用)Dear Peter,Glad to hear from you 1._(欢迎你七月份来中国)Im greatly willing to introduce some significant Chinese customs to you.and youre welcome to China in JulyFirstly,we

35、greet each other by saying“Hello”or asking such questions as“Where are you going?”or“Are you busy?”to express our care.Secondly,2._(当受到表扬时，我们回答“哦，不！”或者“过奖了”来表现出礼貌)Additionally,3._(当收到礼物时，我们通常会说“没必要”，也会说“谢谢”以示礼貌，然后把它收起来)Finally,at dinner parties,we talk loudly and touch glasses 4._(当我们为某人的健康或成功而喝酒时)t

36、o show that were warm.when praised,we reply with“Oh,no！”or“Im flattered.”to showgood mannerswhen receiving a gift,we usually say“Its unnecessary.”as well as“Thanks.”to show politeness and then put it awaywhen drinking to someones health or successAnyhow,different cultures,different customs.5._(如果你入乡随俗，你会在这里享受更多的时光).I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a pleasant journey.Yours sincerely,Li HuaIf you do as the Romansdo when in Rome,youll enjoy more of your stay here