2020-2021学年北师大版英语选修8课时分层作业1 UNIT 22 SECTION Ⅱ　LANGUAGE POINTS （Ⅰ） （WARM-UP .doc

1、课时分层作业(一)语言知识练习固基础.单句语法填空1We substituted fish for meat several times a week.2Some people advocated limiting(limit) the number of cars on the main road.3It is time to take action to let(let) our customers understand this.4. But for the meeting, I would have gone(go) home at the time.5He was condemned

2、 to death(die) for murder and later hanged.6Please go back to your classroom in turn.7We train them to make use of reference(refer) books.8I look forward to coming(come) to work every day.9There are(be) a number of Negroes in the city.10I cant go out with all these clothes to wash(wash).单句改错1. He sa

3、t there with his eyes close.closeclosed2. Giving that he was still a boy, I forgave him.GivingGiven3The number of fish in coastal waters have decreased.havehas4I was trapped into tell the police all I knew.telltelling5Their devotion to their children was beyond word.wordwords高考题型练习提能力.阅读理解Tuvalu, a

4、tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea.Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalus nine little islands is more than five metres above sea level. Salt water is already entering the countrys drinking water supply，as well

5、 as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the countrys days are numbered.But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice，a historic city in Italy best known for its canals，has sunk about 24cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will ha

6、ve sunk another 24cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Marks Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays，it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalus rising sea level is caused by global warming.The average glob

7、al temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century，scientists expect it to rise by extra 1. 3 degrees over the next 100 years. Warmer weather makes glaciers (冰川) melt，adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more

8、space，causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen 10.25cm in the last 100 years. The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhous

9、e effect, making the planet even warmer.Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century. Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate re

10、fugees” looking for somewhere to live.【语篇解读】本文介绍一个因为海平面上升而处在危险中的国家，从而引出全球变暖的问题，并陈述了全球变暖的原因，旨在引起人们的关注。1We can infer from the second paragraph that ATuvalu is in danger of being swallowed up by the seaBall Tuvalus islands are about five metres above the sea levelCdrinking water in Tuvalu has been dest

11、royedDTuvalu is often flooded by storms and wavesA推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，在Tuvalu，海水已经进入饮用水供应系统，并且淹没了一些植物，故选项A(Tuvalu处在被海水淹没的危险中)正确。2The author uses Tuvalu and Venice as examples in order to explain Athey are the first places sinking into the seaBthey are both sinking into the mud where they standCthey wil

12、l disappear in the futureDtheir trouble is caused by global warmingD细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，文章列举这两个例子是为了说明，他们的问题都是由全球变暖造成的，故选D。3What does the underlined phrase “climate refugees” mean?APeople who are forced away from their homeland by climate.BClimate changes.CRare animals.DClimate effect.A词义猜测题。根据最后一段所表达

13、的意思：如果上述情况成为现实的话，海面会淹没数百万的家，整个世界都是在寻找地方住的“climate refugees”，故“climate refugees”的意思是“由于气候变化被迫离开家园的人”。故选A。4Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ATuvalus nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea level.BThe average global temperature has risen by 13 centigrade d

14、egrees over the past 100 years.CThe warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise.DThere will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped.B判断正误题。根据第四段可知，在过去的一百年，全球的平均气温几乎增加了0.5摄氏度，而不是B项中的13摄氏度，故选B。.阅读七选五Endangered speciesAn endangered species is any type of plant or animal that is in dan

15、ger of disappearing forever. If a species, or type, of plant or animal dies out completely, it becomes extinct.Animals and plants depend on each other and their environment to survive. When their environment, or habitat, changes or disappears, plants and animals may become endangered. 1 Humans can c

16、ause species to become endangered as well. Humans pollute habitats with garbage, car fumes (尾气), and factory waste. They destroy habitats by clearing land for roads, buildings and farms. 2 The arrival of a new species in a habitat is another threat. 3 The species already in the habitat may not be ab

17、le to compete against the newcomer. For example，mongooses (猫鼬) brought to Jamaica in the 1800s killed many native animals.The list of endangered animals includes many large, wellknown animals. The tiger and both African and Asian elephants are endangered. Several types of whale are also endangered.

18、Endangered plant species range from tiny mosses (蓟类植物) to towering trees.In the 1960s people became aware that many species were endangered. Today many countries have made it illegal to harm, catch, kill, or sell endangered species. 4 The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Re

19、sources keeps lists of endangered species. The Nature Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund help to set aside land for threatened wildlife. 5 Such programs have helped to increase the populations of many endangered animals.AThe panda survives only in remote parts of China and in zoos.BNature prese

20、rves and zoos help endangered animals to reproduce.CThey also may hunt and kill too many of certain types of animals.DOften the new species spreads freely because it has no natural enemies.ENatural disasters or changes in the climate can harm or destroy habitats.FPeople have cut down many of these t

21、rees to build houses, ships and furniture.GIn addition, many organizations work to keep endangered species from becoming extinct.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了濒危物种的相关信息。1E由该空前的“When their environment，or habitat，changes or disappears，plants and animals may become endangered.”可知，E项“自然灾害或气候变化可能危害或破坏动植物的栖息地”符合此处语

22、境。2C由该段中的“Humans can cause species to become endangered”和“Humans pollute habitats with.”以及“They destroy habitats by.”可知，设空处是描述人类导致物种灭绝的做法，故C项符合此处语境。3D由该空前的“The arrival of a new species”以及该空后的“The species already in the habitat may not be able to compete against the newcomer.”可知，设空处是对新物种的描述，故选D项。4G由该

23、空前的“Today many countries have made it illegal to.”以及该空后对国际自然和自然资源保护联盟、自然保护和世界野生动物基金会的描述可知，G项“此外，很多组织也努力保护濒危物种”符合此处语境。5B由该空前的“The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.”和“The Nature Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund.”可知，设空处描述保护濒危物种的举措，故B项“自然保护区和动物园帮助濒危物种繁殖”符合此处语境。

24、.语法填空Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1._ (sun)weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts (烟头) 2._ (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3._(tour) who vis

25、it Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches，I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4._ it should staythe trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5._ pretend that its not there.The dogs or the fish are not to blame 6._ it. It

26、s our fault and we must blame 7._ (we). Everyone has to do his or her part 8._(solve) this problem. It cant be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beach

27、es. More 9._(important), we need to start now before the beaches 10._(damage) beyond repair.【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。1sunny考查词形转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。2buried考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。3tourists考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词

28、复数形式。4where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。5but考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。6for考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。7ourselves考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。8to solve考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表示目的。9importantly考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词importantly，修饰整个句子。10are damaged考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。