2023年英语中考复习 阅读理解技巧.docx

1、阅读理解阅读理解题考查方式: 1.细节理解题 2.词义猜测题3.推理判断题 4.主旨大意题一、细节理解题细节理解题要求对文章中特定细节或具体事实进行判断和认定常见提问方式：According to the passage,when(what、why、how、who.) Which of the following is true./false? From paragraph . what/when.?解题方式:1.划关键词。一般题划题干中的关键词，若题干中无关键词，划选项中的关键词（n.-v.-adj.-adv.）2.定答题区间 定与关键词相关区域3.找选项 正确选项特征 a.完全对应 b.同

2、意替换Exercise :请根据文段选出正确答案。1. Years ago,many zoos kept all kinds of animals in small cages.Small cages made it easy for people to see the animal ,but a small cage is not a good place for an animal to live in.Zoos kept animals in small cages so that people can_A. protect them B.see them better C.feed t

3、hem D.save them2. What do you think of your teachers?Now,American students can say what they think on a new website! Students can rate their teachers .So far ,there there have been 5 million ratings for 365,000 teachers at 21,000 schools in the US and Canada.Where can the students rate their teacher

4、s according to the passage?A. On a website B.At a class meeting C.In the classroom D.Out of the school3. It is most difficult for parents to decide whether to have a second child or not.It is often heard that a single child is likely to be a lonely child There are no other children in the family for

5、 the child to talk or play with.An only child is not able to get along well with children of his age.Some parents regretted making the decision to have only one child.According to the passage,why is a single child likely to be lonely?A. Because his parents dont love him.B. Because he doesnt have hol

6、idays.C. Because he doesnt have a brother or a sister to talk or play with.D. Because there are other children in the family.4. Reduce the paper you use.Make it a habit to write on both sides of your notebook paper.Also try writing your words smaller so you can fit more on the paper The more words y

7、ou can fit on both sides of your paper,the less paper you will need.Dont write too small ,because other need to be able to read your handwriting. In order to reduce the paper we use,which is the advice that the writer gives us?A. Throw the paper into the bin. B.Write on one side of your notebook.C.W

8、rite your words smaller on the paper. D.Recycle the waste paper.5. Sometimes it is hard for teenagers to talk their parents because they dont understand their parents.But their are four tips that may help.Find a time to talk with your parents when they are not doing something else,like dishes,workin

9、g in the office ,talking on the phone,putting other kids on the bed,etc.If not,their mind will be elsewhere and they will either get angry or not give you their attention.When is the best time for you to talk to your parents?A.When they are free B.When they are cooking.C.When they are watching TV. D

10、.When they are talking on the phone.二、词义猜测题阅读理解中不可避免会出现生词或熟词新义，要求根据上下文（语境）或构词法进行选择。常见提问方式The underlined word probably means ? in Chinese The word refers to /probably means. 翻译 Which of the following can best replace the word. What does the underlined word .mean 指代解题方法：1.定义法：对文章中的生词用定语从句、同位语从句或破折号、引号

11、的方式进行解释说明。常有that is 、that is to say、in other words.2.例举法：利用文章中的举例进行猜测，for example、such as.3.因果法:不同原因表示不同结果，从结果分析原因，利用因果关系推测。常见因果词有because、so、as a result、so that.4.构词法:阅读中可以利用合成、转化、派生等构词法知识来猜测词义，通过分析词缀和词根进行猜测。5.语境法:根据上下文语境暗示，运用逻辑推理来猜测生词词义。6.相似法:利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。I.定义法1. The herdsman,who looks after sh

12、eep,earns about 650 yuan a year.What does the underlined words herdsman mean?A.商人 B.工人 C.牧人 D.农民2.He is resolute man.Once he makes up his mind to do something ,he wont give it up halfway.The underlined word means _A. 强壮的 B.意志坚定地 C.友好的 D.聪明的II.例举法1. Cauliflower，like many other kinds of vegetables,can

13、 be grown in this part of the country.Cauliflower is closest in meaning to_ in English.A. vegetable B.fruit C.game D.plant2. Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt ,headlights,and good brakes.What does the underlined word“devices”mean?A.设备 B.规定 C.常识 D.建议III.因果法1. She wanted the hair

14、dresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.What does the underline word “trim” mean? A. cut B.put C.control D.wash2. She loves reading all kinds of books.She didnt hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.The word “engrossed” refers to_.A.专注 B.放弃 C.厌恶 D.漠视IV

15、.构词法1. He said “English is clearly an international language, and it should be accepted by the world”, but I disagree with him.Whats the meaning of “disagree”?A.不赞成 B.不欣赏 C.不否认 D.不阻止2.We must safeguard the world peace,for only in a safe environment can we enjoy a happy life.What is the meaning of “s

16、afeguard”?A.protect B.care C.prevent D.stop3.Car rentals are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the road.What is the meaning of “inexpensive”?A.safe B.cheap C.useful D.easyPractice：1. Kate is dishonest so that nobody wants to make friends with her.The underlined word “

17、dishonest”means _ in Chinese.A. 不善良的 B.拘谨的 C.满意的 D.不诚实的2. The color of Hawaii in summer is unforgettable.What does the underlined word“unforgettable”mean?A.淡忘的 B.清晰的 C.难忘的 D.高兴的3.Last night she had a terrible toothache and asked me to buy her some painkiller .What does the underlined word“painkiller

18、”mean?A.止痛药 B.杀虫剂 C.保健药 D.饮品4.Information is received into our brain by attention,and its quality decides how well it will be processed,saved and used afterwards.The underlined word “it”refers to_?A.information B.brain C.attention D.quality5.My parents have kept lots of pets since I was little.We ha

19、ve experienced many things together,good and bad,happy and sad.These stories have always stayed in my mind. One day, I will share them with people by drawing and writing books.What does the underlined word“them”refer to _? A.parents B.pets C.stories D.books6. As they go around town, the police help

20、people. Sometimes they find lost children .They take the children home If the police see a fight ,they put an end to it right now.In the text,“put an end to”means_A.stop B.cut C.kill D.fly7.The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house.Her neighbors all called her an eccentric

21、 lady.The underlined word “eccentric ” means_A. 善良的 B.慷慨的 C.古怪的 D.有规律的8.He felt sorry for Mr.Baker and wanted to apologize to his old friend.What does the underlined word“apolize”mean in Chinese?A. 道歉 B.挑战 C.回答 D.邀请三、推理判断题推理判断题考查推理能力，要求根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。常见提问方式:1、细节推理：We can infer/conclude/learn from t

22、he passage that. The passage/ author/paragraph implies.2、态度推理：Whats the authors attitude towards. a)positive、supportive、agree、optimistic.b)negative、disagree、critical、doubtful.c)objective、uncertain.How did the writer feel about.happy、sad、angry、lonely.3、出处推理：The passage is most probably taken from.解题方

23、法：（1）通过文章陈述的事实进行推断（2）根据文章所提供的背景，人的表情、动作和语言进行推断（3）根据意图和态度进行推断选项特征：正确选项：源于原文，高于原文错误选项：（1）原词干扰：选项是原文的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论（2）无对应句：根据常识以为是正确的，而文章没有提及。（3）含义极端：常为干扰项的极端词：only、most、never.1.Some supermarket are encouraging customer to reuse their plastic bags.But this is not just about supermarkets.It is about all

24、 of us.We have learned to associate packing with quality.This is especially true of food. But many other products often have far more packing than necessary.As more of us recycle,we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting.We need to face the wastefulness of our con

25、sumer culture,but we have a mountain to climb.What can be inferred from this paragraph?A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.B. Supermarkets care more about packing.C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.D. Other products are better packaged than food.2. What would you do if you were in

26、visible? Do you think this can be true? With recent talks of making invisibility a reality, this fun question could actually become a real problem for people and their governments to consider.“Is it science fiction? Well, its theory and that already is not science fiction,”said Professor John Pendry

27、. Its possible in theory to create an invisibility cloak similar to the one that Harry Potter received from his father, but we should face the challenge, that is our engineering ability.Though the idea sounds great, it could be bad thing if it is used in wars. What is the authors attitude toward inv

28、isibilitys becoming a reality? A. Agree. B. Disagree. C. A little worried. D. We dont know.3. You think a computer is the best thing in the world, right? You think it works at a super speed and can do everything? Well, its not! In fact, the brain is much more powerful than any super computer! Think

29、about when a glass is just about to fall off the table. Your brain controls everything that you need to do to save that glass from falling. First your eyes check out whats going on then tell your brain, and your brain decides how quickly you need to react and then your muscles go into action. That i

30、s just from your brain. No computer could ever come close to that!In which magazine can the passage most probably be found?A.Business weekly B.Medicine C.Science D.Sports四、主旨大意题从宏观上分析文章内容的核心，考查对文章主题和中心思想的领会和理解能力。分类：文体：说明文主旨题、议论文主旨题、记叙文主旨题提问方式：提问大意（main idea/mainly talk about/topic）文章主旨段落主旨提问标题（best title）提问写作目的(purpose)选项特征：正确项：围绕中心无细节观点态度与原文一致干扰项:以偏概全主题扩大张冠李戴无中生有说明文主旨题解题方法：识别文体：文章开头提到某特殊事物或现象，无作者态度。找主旨：1）关注首尾段或首尾句 2）分析篇章结构3）找关键词高频词或转折词解题关键：1）把握说明对象，重点关注说明对象的特征。2）注意语言的精准性，抓住关键句。3）根据每段的关键句，归纳文章主旨。关键句：文章第一段和各段第一句（所谓关键句即一些中心句）注意事项：对现象分析性说明文，要找出1）“现象”2）“造成这种现象的原因”3）“解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议”