2019年英语新同步外研选修八讲义：MODULE 4 SECTION Ⅳ OTHER PARTS OF THE MODULE WORD版含答案.doc

1、Section_Other_Parts_of_the_ModuleStep 1True (T) or False (F) passage on P50.1The population who speak English as a second language in the world is larger than that in UK and US._T_2The future of English will still be determined by Englishspeaking countries._F_3The future of English will hardly chang

2、e except that there will be some new dialects._F_Step 2Choose the best answers according to the passage on P53.1Why are some English expressions hard to understand?AThey dont make sense.BThey are oldfashioned.CThey may refer to ideas beyond the simple meanings of the words.DTheir meanings are amusin

3、g and exaggerated.2Whats an advertising slogan?AAn amusing saying in an advertisement.BA reply to a customer in a shop.CSomething like many other expressions.DAn expression which is associated with a product in an advertisement.3A proverb means _ according to the passage.Aan expression to suggest so

4、meone or something which is superior to someone or something elseBa saying to describe behaviours and customsCa wellknown expression which reflects on life and gives adviceDan everyday saying which everyone agrees with答案：13CDCStep 3Complete the following form according to the passage on P55.Chinese

5、as a Foreign LanguageWho wants to learn ChineseJust about 1.everybody in the world.Why people want to learn ChineseFor 2.business opportunities.For better understanding about Chinese 3.culture_and_traditions.Regarding it as a 4.challenge.Why people think Chinese is difficultThe tone system is diffic

6、ult because it is plicated and also very different to other languages.An international exam system the HSK test6.Established in 1990, it was initially7.meant_for those regarding Chinese as a second or foreign language. Later, it was introduced 8.abroad.一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.media n新闻媒体，传媒2.acqui

7、re v. 得到，获得3.furthermore adv. 此外，而且4.splendid adj. 极好的；优秀的5.dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困难的抉择6.convey v. 传达，传递7.thus adv. 因此；因而8.withdraw v. 收回；撤销(说过的话)9.potential adj. 潜在的；可能的10.abuse v. 辱骂；恶语11.betray v. 对不忠12.overcome v. 征服；战胜13.prejudice n. 偏见；歧视14.conflict n. 抵触；冲突15.moral n. 寓意；教育意义16.superior adj. 更好的

8、；更强的17.initially adv. 起初18.candidate n. 投考者，应考人.拓展词汇plain v抱怨；不满complaint n抱怨2.investigate v调查investigation n调查3.convinced adj.确信的，信服的convince v使确信；说服convincing adj.令人信服的4.clarify v弄明白；澄清clarification n澄清；说明5.tendency n趋向；倾向tend v倾向，易于6.reject v拒绝接受rejection n拒绝7.oppose v反对；反抗opposed adj.相反的；反对的oppo

9、sition n对抗；反抗opposite adj.相对的；对面的 n反义词，对立的事物8.resist v抵抗；对抗resistance n抵制，抵抗resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的9.approval n赞许；赞成approve v赞成10.curiosity n好奇心curious adj.好奇的curiously adv.好奇地1.media n新闻媒体，传媒单数medium联想数据：datum (单数)data (复数)细菌：bacterium (单数)bacteria (复数)2.acquire v得到，获得词块acquire good habits养成好习惯acqu

10、ire knowledge 获得知识同义obtain, gain, attain3.furthermore adv.此外，而且同义besides, whats more, in addition4.splendid adj.极好的；优秀的同义wonderful, magnificent, excellent5.thus adv.因此；因而同义therefore6.withdraw v收回；撤销(说过的话)(withdrew, withdrawn)词块withdraw ones remarks收回某人的话7.investigate v调查串记To get more evidence, the l

11、awyer investigated many witnesses. After investigation, he got some useful proof.8.convinced adj.确信的，信服的串记His convincing words finally convinced me, and I was convinced that he was innocent.9.curiosity n好奇心词块out of curiosity 出于好奇satisfy ones curiosity满足某人的好奇心串记The audience were curious about the bla

12、ck box; to satisfy their curiosity, the magician opened it.二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块plain about .对抱怨2find ones way into 进入3in conclusion 总之4a huge number of 大量的5be relevant to 与相关6get down to sth. 开始做某事7let sb. down 使某人失望8be associated with 与有关，与有联系9be superior to 比好/强1.ever since自从那时起2on the Internet 在网上

13、3go away 离开4Englishspeaking countries 说英语的国家5in English 用英语6go through a door 通过一扇门7grow fast 快速增长8spoken Chinese 汉语口语9be meant for those learners 为那些学习者而设三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.It is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050.据估计到2050年，将会有13亿人把英语作为母

14、语或第二语言。It is estimated that .“据估计”，其中it为形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。Its_estimated_that 3,000 people will attend the meeting.据估计有3 000人要参加这次会议。2.English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand.英语中有大量绚烂华丽但可能很难懂的表达。“主语系动词形容词不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。The chair is_c

15、omfortable_to_sit_on. 这张椅子坐着很舒服。1(教材P48)What does the man complain about? 这个人抱怨什么？complain v抱怨；不满；投诉；控告(1)complain to sb. about/of sth.向某人抱怨某事complain that . 抱怨complain of 申诉；诉说(病痛等)(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉；控告make a complaint 对提出投诉These days some students are complaining that the classroom is too noisy

16、.这些天有些学生一直在抱怨教室里太吵闹。You complain of/about having too much to do. If it comes to that, we are all busy.你抱怨工作太忙。如果说忙，我们大家都很忙。If you want to make a complaint, you should see the manager.如果你要投诉，你应该去找经理。2(教材P51)Experts are convinced that this will happen in the future as more and more people learn Englis

17、h and call it their own. 专家们确信将来随着越来越多的人学习英语并把它称为自己的语言时，这种情况将会发生。convinced adj.确信的，信服的(1)be convinced确信(2)convince v. 使确信(信服)，说服convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某物(事)convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事convince sb.that . 使某人相信(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on p

18、hysical and mental health.科学家们确信笑对人的身心健康有积极影响。Up to now nobody has come up with a convincing (convince) explanation of why dinosaurs died out.恐龙为什么灭绝，至今为止，还没有人提出一条让人信服的解释。The expression on Roberts face obviously convinced her of his innocence.罗伯特脸上的表情显然让她相信了他的无辜。I tried to convince him to_change (ch

19、ange) his mind but failed.我试图说服他改变主意但没有成功。3(教材P53)Thus, to talk turkey means to get down to business.因此，“to talk turkey(谈论火鸡)”的意思是开始做正事。get down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事get across (to)被传达；使人理解get away from 逃跑，跑掉；离开get in 收获，收割；到达get rid of 摆脱，扔掉get through 完成；通过；接通电话get over 克服；从中恢复过来Its time we got

20、down to doing some serious work.我们该认真干点正经事了。We can surely get over all difficulties that may come up.我们一定能够克服可能发生的一切困难。If you keep disturbing him, he will never get through his work.如果你一直打扰他，他永远也做不完他的工作。联想发散短语get down to中to为介词，其后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。类似的短语还有：be/get used to, be accustomed to, stick to, look

21、forward to, object to, devote .to .等。4(教材P53)Get your tanks off my lawn! means Back off! Withdraw your threats! and was first said by a British prime minister, rejecting the threat of a potential strike by a trade union leader.“Get your tanks off my lawn(把你的坦克从我的草坪上开走)！”意思是“退后！收回你的恐吓！”最初是英国的一位首相在抵制一

22、位贸易联盟领袖发起潜在的罢工威胁时说的。reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用，拒绝接纳Its up to you to accept or reject the proposal.接受还是拒绝该提议都由你决定。Ive been_rejected (reject) by all the companies.所有的公司都没有录用我。辨析比较reject, refuse, declinereject用于正式场合，如外交或商业条款之类，另外还有“抛弃，剔除”之意，后常接名词refuse普通用词，后接双宾语、名词或不定式decline常用于婉转地拒绝，近似汉语的“谢绝”，后接名词、动词、不定式

23、选用上述单词填空He wont refuse to give you his help.The government rejected the diplomatic note from that country for its unclear attitude to the trade between them.He declined my offer of help.5(教材P53)With friends like these, who needs enemies? means a friend has betrayed your trust or let you down.“With f

24、riends like these, who needs enemies(有这样的朋友，谁还需要敌人)？”意思是你的朋友辜负了你的信任或者让你失望。let sb. down 使某人失望let alone更不必说；不管，不干涉let out 放出；使出去；泄露let in 使进入；放入Although the pressure increased day by day, students devoted themselves to their study not to let their parents down.尽管学生的压力一天天增加，但他们还是努力学习不让他们的父母失望。He could

25、barely keep body and soul together, let alone support his family.他连自己的生活都难以维持，更不用说养家了。We opened the windows to let out the foul air. 我们打开窗子，让污浊的空气流出。6(教材P53)We shall overcome dates from the American Civil War, and is used almost like a prayer by the Civil Rights movement in the USA, meaning we will

26、oppose prejudice against black people and resist conflict between Americans.“We shall overcome(我们会克服)”源于美国内战，并且被美国民权运动几乎像祈祷文一样广泛使用，它的意思是：我们将反对对黑人的歧视并将阻止美国人民之间的冲突。oppose v反对(1)oppose doing sth.反对做某事be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj. 相反的，反对的opposition n. 对抗，反抗opposite adj. 相对的，对面的n. 反义词

27、，对立的事物Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.(2017全国卷)许多农民反对这个计划，因为他们担心狼会杀死他们的农场动物或宠物。Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees working a lot of overtime.大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员频繁加班。They hit a truck coming in the opposite (oppose) dire

28、ction.他们撞上一辆迎面开来的卡车。resist v反抗；抵抗(1)resist doing sth.抵制做某事(2)resistance n. 反抗，抵制；抵抗力，抵抗性resistance to sb./sth. 对的抵制/反对(3)resistant adj. 抵抗的，抗的，耐的be resistant to 对有抵抗力A balanced diet will increase your ability to resist infection.均衡的饮食可以增强你抵抗感染的能力。While shopping, can you resist being_persuaded (persu

29、ade) to buy anything that you dont really need?购物时，你能抵住推销人员的游说，不买任何你确实不需要的东西吗？I prefer the plants that are resistant (resist) to bad climate.我比较喜欢那些对恶劣的气候有抵抗力的植物。名师点津resist后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不接不定式。It is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050.据估计

30、到2050年，将会有13亿人把英语作为母语或第二语言。(1)It is estimated that .“据估计”，句中的it为形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。It is estimated that he has known the truth of the matter.据估计他已经知道事情的真相了。类似的结构有：Its said that .据说Its reported that . 据报道Its believed that . 人们相信Its expected that . 一般预料Its thought that . 一般认为Its supposed that . 大家推测

31、Its known that . 众所周知Its suggested that . 人们建议Its reported that the car accident took place sometime yesterday.据报道这起交通事故是昨天某个时候发生的。It_is_believed_that health is above wealth.人们都相信健康重于财富。(2)下列三种句型可以相互转换：It is said that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.Greenhouse gases are_said_to

32、_be the main cause of global warming.People_say_that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.据说温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。(3)表示命令(order, command)，建议(suggest, propose, advise 等)，要求(require, request, demand, insist) 的动词用于本句型时，从句要用“should动词原形”，should 可以省略。It is ordered that all the injured (should)_b

33、e_treated (treat) without any delay.命令就是所有的伤员必须得到及时的救治。.单句语法填空1It is estimated (estimate) that China will be the largest car consuming market in the world.2I didnt want to drive all the way to New York by myself, so I convinced Anna, my best friend of ten years, to_ride (ride) with me.3Weve just mov

34、ed into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets get down to it.4The local people opposed building (build) the new hotel because of the great cost.5I told myself to learn to be patient, and not complain of pressure of work.6He was_rejected (reject) by the army because he was under age.7As far as

35、I know, Tom is a person to depend on. He will never let you down.8Its required that all the students be (be) on time tomorrow.单句改错1Our football team is firmly convinced its victory over the visiting team.convinced后加of2Im too exhausted to walk any more, and let alone run.去掉and3After the holiday, Im g

36、oing to get down to do some research on animals.dodoing4At first he was opposed against our suggestion, but we managed to bring him round.agaistto5Plants that grow in deserts are resistant water loss.resistant后加to一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练习.单词拼写1There is a growing tendency (趋势) for people to work at hom

37、e instead of in offices.2When the weather is fine, the view from the hotel is splendid (极好的)3She was in a dilemma (困难的抉择) as to whether to stay at school or get a job.4First we need to identify actual and potential (潜在的) problems.5Gradually they acquired (获得) experience in how to guide the work.6Ini

38、tially (起初), I disagree with his proposal, but later I changed my mind.7His tone conveyed (传递)his real feelings more truly than his words.8This new discovery of oil is of great significance (意义) to this areas economy.9I want to make it clear that I have no prejudice (偏见) against you.10The guests mad

39、e a complaint (抱怨) that the fish was too small.单句语法填空1Silence is required of all examination candidates (candidate)2The police have completed their investigations (investigate) into the accident.3This is the most convincing (convince) evidence that I can find to prove my point.4How can I get it acro

40、ss to you how important this is?5The books in the library are_classified (classify) according to subject.6Sam always tried hard to win his fathers approval (approve)7Children often ask questions out of curiosity (curious)8The skirt is a bit small, so it needs letting down.选词填空in conclusion, a huge n

41、umber of, get through, let in, be relevant to, be superior to, associated with, convince . to .1Please open the window and let_in some fresh air.2What you say is not relevant_to the matter in hand.3In_conclusion,_Id like to thank you for all youve done for me.4A_huge_number_of money has been spent o

42、n this project, but it needs more money.5I phoned him several times, but I couldnt get_through.6Of the two books, I think this one is_superior_to that one. 7He wanted to move in the direction. Instead, Alison convinced him to move in a different direction.8There are many serious health hazards assoc

43、iated_with smoking. 本单元语言点温故练习.单句语法填空1As a matter of fact, TV provides people with many educational programs.2There should be a debate on the subject in the next meeting concerning the Development Agenda.3Several workers complained of feelings of sickness and headaches.4My father was violently oppos

44、ed to my going (go) abroad.5Seeing the toy, she couldnt resist reaching (reach) out to touch it.6Convinced (convince) of the accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion.7Young as she is, she can do a lot of skilled work.8We will select two students to_represent (represent) our school to attend

45、 the match.选词填空tell apart， count on， get down to， it is said that， the first time， let sb. down， in conclusion， as long as1These two signatures are very similar.Can you tell them apart?2You cant be defeated as_long_as you hold together.3I wont put up with any more of your nonsense now get_down_to wo

46、rk.4After a broken promise, it is hard to count_on a person.5The children were so excited the_first_time they were taken aboard.6As a student, you should study hard and dont let your parents down.7In_conclusion,_we should like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result. 8I

47、t_is_said_that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解The number of speakers of English in Shakespeares time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada,

48、Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.In fa

49、ct, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and s

50、till more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its presentday importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of importa

51、nt works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.

52、It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for i

53、nternational communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.语篇解读：本文主要讲了英语的发展变化情况，说明英语最后成为世界语言的原因及英语在当代社会中的重要性。1What would be the best title for this passage?AThe Difficulties of Learning EnglishBInternational CommunicationsCThe Standard Varieties of Engli

54、shDEnglish as a World Language解析：选D标题归纳题。根据第三段第一句“English is its presentday importance as a world language”及全文的内容可推知答案为D项。2Which of the following statements is NOT true?ASome 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.BThere are some 260 million native speakers of

55、English in the world.CIt is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.DPeople learn English for a variety of reasons.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句及第二段的第一句的描述可推知答案为A项。3According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?AIt

56、was popular during Shakespeares time.BIt is used in former British colonies.CIt serves the needs of its native speakers.DIt is a world language that is used for international communication.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知英语在国际交流中起重要作用，故答案为D项。4What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?AThe ability to

57、 read a newspaper.BIt is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.CBeing multilingual.DBeing a native speaker.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知答案为B项。.语法填空At fifteen years old, I was a confident girl. One day, when I was trying to get the bottled (瓶装的) gas to work, _1_ fire exploded in my face.

58、I suffered the consequences of my _2_ (careless). It was my neighbors who came to rescue, _3_ (help) to put off the fire and arranged emergency medical attention. _4_ I survived the fire, the damage for me was longlasting. Within a month, I went from a beautiful girl with perfect skin _5_ an ugly la

59、dy.After several months of persuasion (劝导), I agreed to go back to school. But I found it difficult _6_ (raise) my head and look people in the face. Then I realized that I first had to learn to accept myself if I wanted to _7_ (accept) by others. As time went on, I gained strength and confidence, an

60、d began to _8_ (gradual) lift my head up and look people in the face again.Instead of _9_ (hide) from the world, I forced the world to pay attention to and take notice of the person behind the scars. As a saying goes, “Nobody can put you down without your permission.” Now, more than three decades la

61、ter, I am a confident adult. Who would have thought that such a _10_ (pain) experience helped me to grow up?1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._语篇解读：本文作者通过讲述自己的亲身经历，告诉我们当面对挫折与磨难时，我们应该拿出勇气去面对它们。1afire在这里指火灾，为可数名词，而且是首次提到，故用不定冠词a修饰。2carelessness作者的粗心引起了大火，让她尝到了苦头。carelessness意为“粗心”。3helpedand连接三个并列的动词，时态应该保持一

62、致。根据空前的 “came to rescue”和空格后的“arranged emergency medical attention”可知此空的动词需用一般过去式。4Although尽管作者活了下来，但是大火对她的伤害是永久的，这里用although引导让步状语从句。5tofrom . to .意为“从到”。6to raisefinditadj./n.to do sth.意为“发现做某事是的”，it是形式宾语，后面的不定式“to raise my head and look people in the face”是真正的宾语。7be accepted作者意识到想要被别人接受首先要做到自我接受，所以此空需用被动语态。8graduallygradually在这里意为“逐渐地”，修饰后面的动作“lift my head up and look people in the face”。9hidinginstead of 意为“代替；不是而是”，of为介词，后跟v.ing形式。10painfulpainful意为“痛苦的”，修饰后面的名词experience。