2023届高考外研版英语一轮复习试题（适用于新高考新教材） 选择性必修第二册　UNIT 1　阅读题组——练速度 WORD版含解析.doc

1、选择性必修第二册Unit 1阅读题组练速度.阅读ASharks are amazing creatures.They are known as the deadliest hunters in the sea.Fortunately most are not,but there are some kinds of sharks that can be extremely dangerous.Look at these short descriptions of four kinds of sharks.The Great White SharkThe Great White Shark is

2、one of the most frightening creatures in the sea.They live in tropical and subtropical waters,and they can grow up to 9 meters long.Most Great White Sharks are actually grey,blue or brown with a white belly,and their powerful teeth are triangles with edges like saws.The Whale SharkWhale Sharks are t

3、he largest kind of shark in the world up to 11 meters in length.They live in tropical waters all around the world,but they are not dangerous.Whale Sharks are brown or grey with white or yellow stripes.They often travel near the surface of the sea.The Mako SharkMako Sharks are fierce predators.They c

4、ome from the same family of sharks as the Great White Shark and they are especially fastthey can swim at speeds of up to 65 kilometers per hour.They are large bluish sharks found in the Atlantic Ocean,Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean.Mako Sharks can grow up to 3 meters long.The Great Hammerhead SharkT

5、he Great Hammerhead Sharks most striking feature is its wide thick head which looks like a hammer.The average size of a Great Hammerhead Shark is approximately 3.5 meters,but it can grow up to 6 meters long.These sharks average over 500 pounds but can weigh as much as 1,000 pounds.Like most sharks t

6、he females are larger than the males.They have several rows of teeth that have 24 to 37 teeth per row.The Great Hammerhead Shark has a very keen sense of smell,which helps it find its prey.1.What can we learn from the text?A.Sharks usually live in icy waters.B.Mako Sharks are fast but not dangerous.

7、C.The Great White Shark has 24 to 37 sharp teeth.D.Whale Sharks are bigger than other sharks in the sea.2.Why is a shark called the Great Hammerhead Shark?A.Because of the size of its body.B.Because of the waters it lives in.C.Because of the shape of its head.D.Because of the function of its teeth.3

8、.From which is the text probably taken?A.A news report.B.A book review.C.An advertisement.D.A biology magazine.BA struggling Waffle House employee who was trying to serve nearly 30 people by himself after midnight got a full serving of kindness when some customers jumped behind the counter to help h

9、im.Ethan Crispo,24,witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov.3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham,Alabama.Crispo told TODAYs Kerry Sanders that he had come to the 24-hour restaurant from a friends birthday party and saw the struggling employee,identified only as Ben,trying to cook the foo

10、d,serve it,bus tables and wash dishes while more than 25 people were waiting to eat.“The look on his face was just confusion,” Crispo told Sanders.An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out,grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.Another customer,Alison Stanley,

11、went behind the counter to make some coffeestill dressed from a night out on the town.“I dont think its anything special,” Stanley told Sanders.“He needed help,so I got up and helped out.”Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focuse

12、d on taking orders and preparing the food.Waffle House told TODAY that Ben was left to support himself due to a scheduling issue.“We had two associates scheduled to leave,however,due to a communication mix-up,their relief did not show up on time,” Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a sta

13、tement.“That left Ben,our cook,alone in the restaurant with hungry customers.He worked the grill (烤架) and got the orders out.”The company was also thankful for the customers who joined in and helped Ben out.“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House famil

14、y,” Warner said.“There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants,and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family.”“We are also very thankful for Ben,who kept the restaurant open.He is a representative of our Waffle House culture by always putting the c

15、ustomers first.”Crispo had his usual order,double plain waffle,as he took in the scene of strangers helping out Ben on his shift.“Humanity truly isnt good;its great!” he said.4.Ben was left to work alone during his midnight shift because .A.his associates asked for leaveB.there was a scheduling mist

16、akeC.few customers needed to be servedD.the restaurant was scheduled to close5.Some customers helped Ben out by .A.washing dishesB.taking photosC.taking ordersD.cooking food6.Why did the customers lend a helping hand according to Pat Warner?A.They shared the same community spirit.B.They were family

17、members of Ben.C.They wanted to serve themselves.D.They were too hungry to wait.7.How did Crispo feel as a witness of the scene?A.Lucky and excited.B.Moved and inspired.C.Relieved and hopeful.D.Content and unbelievable.CCan a fish be depressed?This question has been on my head ever since I spent a n

18、ight in a hotel across from a sad-looking fish.The pleasant woman at the front desk assured me that he was well taken care of.Was I incorrectly assuming his laziness as a sign of being upset?When I sought answers from scientists,I assumed that they would find the question ridiculous,but they did not

19、.New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about fish cognition (认知),building a case that pets and owners are not nearly as different as many assume.The neurochemistry (神经化学) is so similar that its scary,said Julian Pittman,a professor.We tend to think of them as simple li

20、ving things,but there is a lot we dont give fish credit for.Dr.Pittman likes working with fish,in part because they are so obvious about their depression.A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank.If after five minutes it is hanging out in the lower half,its depressed.If its swimming up the top,then it

21、s not.Is depression the right word?Theres an obvious issue that we cannot ask animals how they feel,said Dr.Diego A.Pizzagalli.Neither fish nor rats can catch the entire range of depression as we know it.There is a heated debate about whether “anxious” or “depressed” is a more appropriate term.But w

22、hat has convinced Dr.Pittman and others over the past ten years is watching the way the zebra fish lose interest in just about everything:food,toys,exploration,just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn.The same is true of fish.One of the things were finding is that fish are naturally c

23、urious and seek novel things out,said Dr.Braithwaite.In other words,your goldfish is probably bored.To help get rid of depression,she urges introducing new objects to the tank or switching the locations of items.8.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Fish are considered simple living things.B.Pets and

24、 owners are always assumed to be the same.C.Scientists have learnt a lot about fish cognition.D.Fish and human beings have something in common.9.What does the underlined word “withdrawn” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?A.Quiet and shy.B.Happy and excited.C.Interested and careful.D.Disappointed and surp

25、rised.10.Why can fish become bored according to the text?A.They need oxygen from the air.B.They are not born to be curious.C.They lack new things to explore.D.They cant locate the positions of items.11.What might be the best title for the text?A.Fish Depression Is Not a JokeB.Fish Can Be a Boring Pe

26、tC.Fish Need Better Care MoreD.Fish Cognition Does Not ExistDWith the introduction of its new C40 Recharge on Tuesday,Volvo became the latest automaker to bet that consumers who have so far been uninterested in the idea of an EV (Electric Vehicle) might change their minds if it comes in a form of ca

27、rs they love:the crossover(跨界车).Whether they do may be vital to the success of Californias plan to end sales of gasoline cars by 2035.Volvo joins Ford of Europe and Jaguar in promoting EVs,promising every car it makes and sells by 2030 will be all-electric.In a webcast to introduce the new vehicle,t

28、he company also laid out a new sale strategythe C40 and all electric Volvo cars will be available for purchase only online.A group of electric crossovers have hit the market in recent months,including the Ford Mustang Mach-E,the Tesla Model-Y and the Volkswagen ID.4.Whether customers flock(群集) to cr

29、ossover EVs will signal to regulators how much or how little work they need to do to meet the plans such as Californias.Despite the states aggressive plan,sales of all-electric vehicles remain less than 2% of the U.S.total.“The manufacturers are taking a calculated risk here,”said Matt DeLorenzo of

30、auto market research firm Kelley Blue Book.“Crossovers are popular with the mainstream.Thats where the volume is.”Electric cars sold in the U.S.until recently were short-range ones or high-end luxury cars,neither one a high-volume category.In 2020,2.4 million crossovers were sold in the U.S.“If you

31、cant sell an electric crossover,then youll have trouble selling any kind of vehicle,” DeLorenzo said.To sell in large numbers,the vehicles will in the first place need continued government financial support for the next few years at least,Edmunds market analyst Caldwell said.Although battery costs a

32、re coming down,they still cost significantly more than gas engines.Although crossovers will serve as an early indicator of customer acceptance,Caldwell said she wouldnt call 2021 a make-or-break year for EV makers.12.What does Volvo intend to do with its new C40 Recharge?A.Win more consumers on EVs.

33、B.Help prevent Californias 2035 plan.C.Change the shape of vehicles.D.Put peoples cool ideas into reality.13.Which of the following best describes the current EV market?A.Promising.B.Declining.C.Risky.D.Attractive.14.What do we know about the EVs sold in the U.S.?A.Their sale strategies are special.

34、B.They entered the market recently.C.Their information is available only online.D.They arent of a high-volume category.15.Whats vital for the sales of EVs according to Caldwell?A.Improving the service of crossovers.B.Promoting the quality of batteries.C.Getting the governments financial support.D.Ma

35、king 2021 a make-or-break year.七选五Are you failing school?Do you have trouble finding and holding on to a job?Are you unhappy at work?Have you been accumulating many personal debts?Are you concerned about your weight? 1 Here are some suggestions.Stop being self-absorbed and search for a purpose that

36、will add meaning and excitement in your life.Move to a new neighborhood,a new town.Go to a new school;find a new gym.2Make new friends.They will appreciate who you are,and help you find your passion,which you might not even know you possess.3 To change yourself,youve got to change habits.According t

37、o researchers,habits account for about 40 percent of our behaviors on any given day.When you learn to change your habits,you can change your life.Change the “Choice Architecture” of your life.Make the desired choice most accessible to you.4 If you are good at sports,you may want to live near a sport

38、s centre,and so on.If you arent happy with your life,change your lifestyle,your personal attitudes,and the circumstances you live in.5A.Develop good habits.B.Show them your personality.C.If so,you had better make some changes.D.In a new place,you can appreciate ways of thinking.E.In a word,you must

39、find your element by taking action.F.Dont constantly blame others for failing to get ahead in life.G.If you are a good dancer,you want to live near a theatre district.答案：.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。鲨鱼是令人惊奇的生物。它们被称为海洋中最致命的猎手。幸运的是,大多数鲨鱼都不是,但有一些鲨鱼是非常危险的。本文介绍了大白鲨、鲸鲨、灰鲭鲨和无沟双髻鲨这四种鲨鱼的有关信息。1.D解析 细节理解题。根据The Whale Shark

40、部分的第一句“Whale Sharks are the largest kind of shark in the world”可知,鲸鲨是世界上最大的鲨鱼,即鲸鲨比海里的其他鲨鱼要大。2.C解析 细节理解题。根据The Great Hammerhead Shark部分的第一句可知,无沟双髻鲨最显著的特征是它的宽而粗的头部,看起来像一把锤子。故可知,它因其头部的形状而得名。3.D解析 推理判断题。本文向我们介绍了四种鲨鱼的有关情况,结合选项可推知该篇文章应该摘自生物杂志。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。一家华夫饼屋由于人员安排的失误,导致只剩一名员工招待顾客,鉴于此,顾客们纷纷主动帮助该员工。4

41、.B解析 推理判断题。由第十段“We had two associates scheduled to leave,however,due to a communication mix-up,their relief did not show up on time,Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement.That left Ben,our cook,alone in the restaurant with hungry customers.He worked the grill and got the orders o

42、ut.”可判断出,因为换班人员的安排出了问题,导致Ben一个人在工作。5.A解析 细节理解题。由第五段“An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out,grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.”和第八段“Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taki

43、ng orders and preparing the food.”可知,一些顾客帮忙洗盘子,收拾桌子。6.A解析 推理判断题。由第十二段“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House family,Warner said.There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants,and we appreciate the fact that they consider our ass

44、ociates like family.”可知,店里的顾客将自己视为华夫饼屋的成员,大家都有一种社区意识,彼此互相帮忙。7.B解析 推理判断题。由第二段“Ethan Crispo,24,witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov.3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham,Alabama.”可判断出,他目睹了这一切,被感动,被激励,发出了对人性的感叹。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。最新科学研究发现鱼也会有抑郁情绪出现,颠覆了人们以往的认知。8.D解析 段落大意题。根据文章第三段中的“building a

45、 case that pets and owners are not nearly as different as many assume”及“The neurochemistry is so similar that its scary”可推知,该段主要讲鱼和人类有一些共同之处。9.A解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn”可知,该画线词描述患抑郁症的人的特点,结合常识可推知,A项(安静且羞怯)符合语境。10.C解析 推理判断题。根据题干中的fish become bored定位至文章

46、最后一段中的 “One of the things.seek novel things out”及“To help get rid of depression,she urges introducing new objects”,由此可推知鱼出现厌烦情绪的原因是其没有新奇的事物去探索。11.A解析 主旨大意题。根据文章首段中的“Can a fish be depressed?”,第三段中的“When I sought answers from scientists,I assumed that they would find the question ridiculous,but they d

47、id not.”及第六段中的“The same is true of fish.”可知,全文的主题是鱼也会抑郁,故A项“鱼会抑郁不是一个笑话”可作文章的最佳标题。【破解长难句】When I sought answers from scientists,I assumed that they would find the question ridiculous,but they did not.【分析】本句为并列复合句,but前第一个分句为复合句,When引导的是时间状语从句,that引导的是宾语从句;but后第二个分句为简单句。【译文】当我向科学家寻求答案时,我以为他们会觉得这个问题很荒谬,但

48、他们没有。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沃尔沃公司最新推出的一款电动汽车C40 Recharge以及为推行这款电动车所做出的努力。12.A解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知,沃尔沃汽车公司认为目前对于电动汽车不感兴趣的消费者可能会因为以他们喜欢的跨界车形式出现的汽车而改变想法。由此可推知,Volvo公司推出C40 Recharge是为了在电动汽车领域获取更多的顾客。13.C解析 细节理解题。根据第四段内容尤其是第一句中的“The manufacturers are taking a calculated risk here”可知,汽车生产制造商正承担着风险。由此可知,目前的电

49、动汽车市场存在风险。14.D解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Electric cars sold in the U.S.until recently were short-range ones or high-end luxury cars,neither one a high-volume category.”可知,在美国售卖的电动汽车到目前为止都是短距离车或是高端豪华车,两者都不是大容量类型的汽车。15.C解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“To sell in large numbers,the vehicles will in the first place need con

50、tinued government financial support for the next few years at least”可知,在Caldwell看来,电动汽车销售的最重要的一步是持续得到政府的经济支持。【破解长难句】With the introduction of its new C40 Recharge on Tuesday,Volvo became the latest automaker to bet that consumers who have so far been uninterested to the idea of an EV (Electric Vehicl

51、e) might change their minds if it comes in a form of cars they love:the crossover.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。that 引导宾语从句;who 引导定语从句,先行词是consumers;if引导条件状语从句。【译文】在周二新产品C40 Recharge的介绍会上,沃尔沃成了最新的汽车制造商,他们笃定如果电动汽车以消费者喜欢的跨界车的形式出现的话,那些一直以来对电动汽车不感兴趣的消费者可能会改变他们的想法。.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。你在学校学习不及格吗?你是否很难找到一份工作并一直坚持下去?你工作不开心吗?你

52、是否积累了大量的个人债务?你担心你的体重吗?如果是这样,你最好做一些改变。本文主要给我们提出了一些改变生活中不如意事情的一些建议。1.C解析 空处前面是几个问句,而空处后面说“下面是一些建议”,故该空处应填“如果你有这些问题,那么你最好做出一些改变”,C项符合语境。2.D解析 此空前分别建议了:搬家、转学、去新的体育馆,都是强调去新的地方,换新的环境,故空处应该表总结:在一个新的地方,你可以领会思维的方式。3.A解析 此条建议中,多次提到habits,故空处应该与习惯相关,A项“养成好习惯”符合语境。4.G解析 此空处前面在说根据你最适合什么来做选择,空处后面举了一个事例“如果你擅长运动,你可以在体育中心附近居住”,故空处也应列举一个事例,G项“如果你是一个好的舞者,你会想居住在剧院附近”符合语境。5.E解析 最后一段是对全文建议的总结,故选E项。10