2019年高考一轮复习高考英语语法综合训练10.doc

1、2019年高考一轮复习语法综合训练（十）一 语法填空A 篇 【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第二十次考试】Beijing was once a city of bikes, known as the Bicycle Kingdom, 41 cars were reserved for official business and the politically powerful. However, decades of economic 42 (grow) led to a huge flowing of cars in the city. Owning one became not jus

2、t a marker of reaching the middle class but also a requirement for marriage. As the economy developed, autos pushed bikes off the roads, 43 (create) heavy pollution and miserable traffic.44 (fortunate), now Beijing may be returning to its roots. Thanks to about 20 technology companies, brightly colo

3、red shared bikes 45 (flood) into Beijing in the last two years. Many local residents welcome the shared bikes 46 the flexibility and freedom they offer. They pick up the bikes and then ride and drop 47 off anywhere they like, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place.Analyses in Chi

4、na say it is three factors that contribute to bikes 48 (increase) rapidly: a lot of cash looking for a home, a good idea and government support. “As the citys population grew, traffic jams got 49 (bad).” Cai, the Ofo spokeswoman, said, “Shared bikes could solve the last mile problem in 50 environmen

5、tally friendly way.”【解析】 本题是语法填空。要注意所填的词在句子中所作的成份，尤其是在具体语境中的固定搭配，从而选择正确的词形词性。41where考查非限制性定语从句。分析Beijing was once a city of bikes, known as the Bicycle Kingdom, _1_ cars were reserved for official business and the politically powerful可知，本句是一个定语从句。先行词为Beijing,在定语从句中作地点状语，放入后面的从句中为in Beijing，故为in whic

6、h，表示地点时用where。42growth考查名词。分析句子decades of economic _2_ (grow) led to a huge flowing of cars in the city.可知，本句的动词grow在句子中被形容词economic修饰，做介词of的宾语，因此要用其名词形式，故填growth。43creating 考查非谓语作状语。分析句子As the economy developed, autos pushed bikes off the roads,_3_ (create) heavy pollution and miserable traffic.由于经

7、济的发展，汽车代替了自行车，从而造成了重大的污染和糟糕的交通。 汽车代替了自行车，自然而然地导致了后面的污染与糟糕的交通。前面的事情自解而然地产生了后面的结果，这种情况要用动词ing形式作结果状语，故填creating.44Fortunately 考查副词作状语。幸运的是，现在北京可能会回到原来的状态。分析本句可知，形容词fortunate在本句中作状语修饰整个句子，修饰整个句子作状语要用副词形式，故填fortunately。45have flooded/have been flooding考查现在完成时。句意：在过去两年里，颜色明亮的共享自行车涌入北京。分析句子brightly colore

8、d shared bikes _5_ (flood) into Beijing in the last two years.可知，本句中含有现在完成时时态标志“in the last two years.”，根据句意可知共享自行车从两年前到现在一直在北京。动作从过去一直持续到现在，这个运用正在进行并有可能进行下去，可以用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，故填have flooded/have been flooding。46for考查介词。句意：因为自行车提供的灵活性和自由，当地许多居民接受了共享自行车。介词for在此的意思为“因为”。(表示理由、原因)因为.My head aches for wa

9、nt of sleep.我因为睡眠不足而头痛。Thank you for your help。谢谢你的帮助。47them 考查代词。分析句子They pick up the bikes and then ride and drop _7_anywhere they like，可知，上文说人们拿起自行车骑完后把自行车（它们）放在他们想放的地方。分析句子可知，本小题填them。48increasing考查非谓语作宾补。分析句子factors that contribute to bikes _8_ (increase) rapidly可知，本句的动词increase在此to的宾语bikes补语，与

10、而bikes与increase二者是主动关系。因此用动词的ing形式。句意：在中国有三个因素促进自行车的快速增加。49worse 考查形容作表语。分析句子可知，本句中的bad在句子中作系动词got的表语，分析句意可知，本句中是说随着城市人口的增长，交通拥堵变得更糟，可知要用比较级，故填bad的比较级worse50an 考查冠词。本句的意思是以一种环保的方式解决最后一英里的路程问题。因此表示数量“一”，environmentally是以元音开头的，故填an。B篇【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第六次考试】Brighton is the51(health) city in Britain wi

11、th the highest level of personal trainers, yoga clubs and health food stores, according to a survey released on Friday.The survey,52looks at 19 statistics covering health,53(fit)and environment, says Brighton has the highest number of residents54(eat) at least five kinds of fruit and vegetables a da

12、y.The survey,55(conduct) for the Sky Travel channel, has compared 15 cities across the UK. It says Brighton residents live56an average age of 78 years old. They are twice as likely57(walk) or cycle to work as the people living in other parts of Britain.In58(compare)with the national average, Brighto

13、n has nearly a third more health food stores and personal trainers than59in any other city in Britain. It has twice many yoga clubs, and the level of fat residents is below the national average.Meanwhile,60survey also finds that Brighton residents have the best levels of cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood

14、pressure in Britain.【解析】51the前面用最高级，所以用healthiest。52整个句子缺主语，而且用逗号隔开，说明是非限定性定语从句，故用which.53根据and environment可知前面也是个名词，and连接的成分相同，故用fitness。54一个句子中不能有两个谓语，用eating非谓语动词的形式表示一种状态。55调查肯定是被人实施，所以用非谓语动词conducted形式表示过去被动的一种状态。56考察固定搭配，live to 活到。57根据后面的cycle to walk 可知前面用 to walk 表示并列。58in comparison with 固

15、定搭配，表示与什么做比较。59代替前面的那些。60最后总结，同时，这个调查，所以用this。C篇【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第十二次考试】Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman who always dreamed of becoming rich. He wished to become a millionaire, and 41 did his wife. He had heard from some old men before that several ships 42 (load) with diamonds and gold

16、 43 (sink) in the nearby seashore. Because of this, for a long time he kept searching that whole area 44 this treasure. One day, while he was sitting on the boat daydreaming, he suddenly felt that the fishing rod 45 (weigh) down by a heavy object. He 46 (excite) pulled hard at it, and 47 he saw made

17、 him exclaim, “Wow! A big, shiny gold chain!” He pulled hard at the gold chain to get it into the boat, but 48 seemed to be no end to it. His boat started to get over-loaded and the sea water filled his boat. However, he had begun dreaming of a big house, a big piece of land and buying horses and 49

18、 (ox). He kept pulling in the chain 50 the boat kept sinking. The boat was finally submerged and he struggled to stay afloat. Unfortunately his feet were entangled in the gold chain and he drowned.【解析】本文主要讲了一个贪心的渔夫，总是梦想着自己可以成为百万富翁，他寻找到了财宝，但他不顾船一直在下沉，不断地往船上装金链子，最终导致船沉没，自己溺亡的故事。41考查固定用法。他希望成为百万富翁，他妻子也

19、是。表示“某某人也是”，用so +be/ 助动词 +主语结构，所以填so。42考查非谓语动词。several ships与load之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，填loaded。43考查时态。表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，所以填had sunk。44考查介词。因为这个原因，为了这个财宝，在很长一段时间，他一直在这个地区寻找。表示“为了”，所以填for。45考查时态和语态。表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，且the fishing rod与weigh down之间是被动关系，用被动语态，综上所述，用过去进行时的被动语态，所以填was

20、being weighed。46考查副词。修饰动词pulled，用副词，所以填excitedly。47考查主语从句。_7_ he saw作句子主语，所以_7_ he saw是一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作saw的宾语，表示“他看到的东西”，所以填what。48考查固定句型。there seemed to be似乎有,是固定句型，所以填there。49考查名词单复数。他梦想着买马买牛。“牛”是复数意义，用名词复数，所以填oxen。50考查连词。尽管船在下沉，但是他仍然不断地把金链子拉到船上。表示“尽管”，所以填though/although/but。名师点睛：小题7考查主语从句。在句中作主语的从

21、句叫主语从句，主语从句是一种重要的名词性从句，在高考试题中频频出现，那么高考对它考查的重点是什么? I.由what等连词引导的从句在主语从句中, what = the thing(s) that,它本身在从句中充当某个成分,或是主语,或是宾语,其含义为所做/说/想的.II.由that引导的主语从句that在主语从句中不充当具体的句子成分,也无实际词义,只起连接作用,而且当它在句首时,不能省略.III.由whether或if引导的主语从句whether与if皆可引导主语从句,但放在句首常用whether. IV.由whoever, whatever等引导的主语从句whoever = the pe

22、rson who或anyone who.who也可以引导主语从句,但只表示谁,如:Who will win is not important.anyone与the person皆不能引导从句.V.由it作形式主语引起的主语从句that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而把that引导的主语从句放到句后.在下列情况下,一般使用形式主语it,将主语从句放在句尾.1)谓语是seem, appear, be (im)possible, be a pity, be a wonder, be likely等.如:It seemed certain that this would win the prize

23、.It appeared that he was right.2)在It is known. ; It is said. ; It is hoped. ; It is believed.等句型中.如:It is said that our school football team won.3)主语从句也可以用it作形式主语,以wh-连接的句子作真实主语,放到句子后面.如:It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.It doesnt matter what you say.注意:1)有时在It is necessary(i

24、mportant, suggested等)+ that从句结构中, that从句常用should +动词原形形式来表示虚拟语气,其中should常可省去.二 短文改错A篇【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第二十次考试】One month before, with the College Entrance Examination around the corner, I was nervous and in low spirit because of my poor performance. When I was at the loss and on the point of giving u

25、p, my head teacher comforted me and discuss with me the reasons for my failure in the exam. More unforgettable, he managed to help me with my study and inspired us. Determined to live up the expectations of my teachers and my parents, I devoted myself to solve all the problems in my study and then m

26、ade progress. lm more than grateful for that he has done for me. Ive got to know it is never too much late to get back when there is still hope.【答案】1. before ago 2. spirit改为spirits 3. the改为a 4. discuss改为discussed 5. Unforgettably 6. us改为me 7. up后加to 8. solve改为 solving9. that改为what/all或that前加all 10.

27、删除much【解析】文章主要讲述了作者高考前紧张焦虑，得到校长的鼓励安慰努力投身学习的事。第一处考查时间状语。根据语境可知在考试前的一个月，由于高考临近，作者紧张焦虑。一月前用one month ago，而不能用before。第二处考查名词。情绪低落为in low spirits，为固定短语。第三处为固定短语，不知所措用at a loss，不用the。第四处为时态错误。此句中and 连接两个并列谓语comforted and discussed，所以discuss 用一般过去时。第五处为副词错误。更令人难忘的，在句中做状语，所以用副词unforgettably。第六处为代词错误，根据前面he

28、managed to help me with my study and inspired us.他帮助我，鼓励我，而不是我们。第七处为固定短语。根据语境可知是为了不辜负校长的期望，Live up to 为固定短语不辜负某人的期望。第八处为非谓语错误。Devote。 to 献身于，to 为介词，后面要用doing。第九处为宾语从句的连词错误。根据语境可知我感激他为我做的一切。For 为介词，后为宾语从句，从句缺宾语，所以用what。第十处much 多余， 根据语境never too late to get back 意为只要有希望，再晚回头也不晚。B篇【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第六次

29、考试】Hi, Jon,I know you didnt see much on Sunday. I watch it on the scene. Remember how well our sides did when they reached the final last year? Well, this time they played match well than the other team. The stadium was absolute packed with supporters cheered the much in excitement. Tom broke rules

30、in the first ten minutes and was given a yellow card by the male judge. The fans went wild though they thought their decision was a bit unfair. Luckily, he didnt get send off. Anyway, our team won, so we will be promoted to the first division in next season. Hope to see you on Friday when you get ba

31、ck.Yours,Li Hua【解析】1. match前加the 考查冠词。句意：我知道你星期日没看那场比赛。根据句意可知是双方说话人都知道的比赛，是特指，要加定冠词the。因此在match前加the。2 watch-watched 考查动词的时态。分析句意可知本文主要讲述过去的事，要用一般过去时，因此把watch改为watched。3. sides-side 考查名词的数。句意：记得我们的球队在最后一场比赛中表现得有多好吗？根据句意可知，本句中我们的球队（our side）是个单数，因此要把sides改为side。4. well-better考查副词的比较级。句意：，这次他们比其他球队打得好

32、得多。本句中含有than”，根据句意是打的比别的队好，因此要用比较级。所以要把well改为better。5. absolute-absolutely考查副词。句意：体育场里全挤满了支持者，他们兴奋得欢呼起来。分析句子可知absolute用于修饰形容词crowded，而absolute是形容词，本句要用副词修饰，故把 absolute改为absolutely。6. cheered-cheering 考查非谓语中的动词ing形式作定语。根据上句的句意可知，cheered在句子中修饰名词支持者（supporter），修饰人要用ed形式而ing形式用于修饰物的，因此要把cheered改为cheerin

33、g。7. though-because/as 考查连词。 句意：球迷们要疯了，因为他们认为他的黄牌处理有点不公平。分析句意可知前后是因果关系而非转折关系，故把though改为because/as。8. their-his 考查代词。根据第7小题的句意可知，是Tom被罚黄牌的决定，因此是对Tom的，要用代词his而非their，故把their改为his。9. send-sent 考查被动。根据句意：幸运的是，他没有被罚下。他是被罚的，因此要用被动，get sent off，所以把send 改为sent. 10. 去in考查有无介词。句意：不管怎样，我们队赢了，所以下个赛季我们将被提升为甲级队。分

34、析句意可知是下一个赛季，表将来时时不要用介词in，故要去掉in。C篇【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第十二次考试】Last week I noticed Jack coughing on our math class. See this, I offered to take him to a clinic. There the doctor asked Jack how he had coughed sometimes for long time. Jack nodded his head immediate. The doctor then wrote a prescription wi

35、th instruction on how to take the Chinese medicine. When Jack tasted the medicine, he almost brings it up. 1 comforted him with an old saying “Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth”. Jack managed to swallow them unwillingly. But when he had recovered three days later, he felt amazing a

36、t the effect of the Chinese medicine.【答案】1. on 改为 in 2. See 改为 Seeing 3. how 改为 if/whether 4. long time 前加 a 5. immediate 改为 immediately 6. instruction 改为 instructions 7. brings 改为 brought 8. them 改为 it 9.had 去掉 10. amazing 改为 amazed【解析】本文主要讲了外国学生Jack看中医的一次经历，深刻体验了中药的神奇疗效。考查介词。表示“在我们的数学课上”，应该用in。考查非

37、谓语动词。See与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，see改成seeing。考查宾语从句。Jack if / whether he had coughed sometimes for a long time.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，表示“是否”的意思，所以how改成if/whether。考查固定用法。a long time很长一段时间，是固定短语，所以long之前加a。考查副词。修饰动词nodded，用副词，所以immediate改成 immediately。考查名词单复数。然后医生写了一个药方说明。“药方说明”是复数意义，所以instruction 改成instructions。考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以brings改成brought。考查代词。指代“the Chinese medicine”，medicine是不可数名词，所以them改成it。考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以删除had。考查v+ed。v+ing修饰物，而v+ing修饰人，这里修饰人，所以amazing改成 amazed。