人教版高一英语第五单元语法 定语从句 关系代词和关系副词教案.doc

1、第五单元语法 定语从句 关系代词和关系副词适用学科英语适用年级高一适用区域全国课时2课时知识点关系副词的用法，关系副词=介词+关系代词教学目标知识：1、掌握定语与定语从句的区别。2、 能准确使用关系副词的具体用法。3、 关系副词=介词+关系代词方法：1、要总结、熟记重要定语从句的用法；要学会在实际中灵活运用。教学重点关系副词的具体用法教学难点掌握并运用定语从句教学过程 一、课堂导入之前学过的课本中，我们一定碰到不少定语从句的练习，那么今天我们将系统性地讲解这个语法知识点，将定语从句一攻而破。二、复习预习词语辨析1. fight for/against/with 2. reward / awar

2、d3. accept / receive4. since / because / as / for词形变化1. cruel adj. 残暴的, 残忍的cruelty n. 残暴, 残忍2. hope n. v.希望; 期望hopeful adj. 有希望的, 顺利的, 有前途的hopeless adj. 没有希望的; 令人绝望的3. educate vt. 教育education n. 教育; 教育体制educated adj. 受过教育的; 受过训练的重点单词1. devote vt. 投入；献身 2. vote v. 投票（决定）；选举n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数3. reward

3、n. 报酬，奖金vt. 酬谢，给以报答4. equal adj. 平等的；相等的5. advise v. 建议重点词组1. be in prison 在狱中，被监禁2. out of work 失业,出问题3. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心重点句子1.We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government. 2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.三、

4、知识讲解考点/易错点1 关系副词的具体用法在定语从句中，关系词的选择要根据先行词在定语从句中所作成分来决定，如果关系词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语和表语时，关系词用关系代词；如果作状语则选用关系副词。关系副词的用法： when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语关系副词 where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语 why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语 when，where，why属于关系副词，都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语，其具体用法如下： 1.关系副词when引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示时间 的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。Istillrememberthedayw

5、henIfirstmetJennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。 Nextmonth,whenyoullspendyoursummerholidaysinyourhometown,isapproaching.下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。 2.关系副词where引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状语。Thisistheofficewhereheworked.这就是他工作过的办公室。SheisgoingtoliveinMacao,whereshehassomeclosefriends.她要到澳门去定居，在那里她有

6、几个密友。 3.关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。 Idontknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。ThatisthereasonwhyIdontwanttogo.那就是我不想去的理由。Hedidnttellmethereasonwhyhewassoupset.他没有告诉我他为什么那样心烦意乱。考点/易错点2 关系副词使用注意事项 1.并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关 系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语 时，需用wh

7、ich或that引导相应的定语从句。 例如：Doyoustillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinschool? 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？ 2.先行词thedays表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that。 3.that有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词when，where，why，且that常可以省略， 例如：Thisisthetime（when/that）hearrived. 这是他到达的时间。 考点/易错点3 关系副词=介词+关系代词定语从句中中的介词或定语从

8、句的谓语部分中的介词有时会提前到关系代词前面，形成“介词+关系代词”的结构，使用该结构要注意以下几点：（一）. 介词的确定很多情况下关系副词用摻榇剩玾hich/whom斃创妫瑺其中该结构中的介词应依据定语从句的谓语部分的习惯搭配或介词与先行词的搭配来决定，例如： Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands? （根据shake hands with 确定）He built a telescope through which he could study the skies. （根据先行词的需要确定，即 through the telescope）

9、ThedaywhenImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife. =ThedayonwhichImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife.见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。 IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher. = IshallneverforgetthoseyearsduringwhichIlivedwithher. 我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。 (二)该结构中的关系代词的使用 介词放在关系代词之前是，关系代词不用that

10、。指物时用which; 指人时用whom, 作定语时用whoseThe factory in which he once worked is torn down. The woman to whom I talked just now is my English teacher.Last month, part of the province was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering.(三) 介词+关系代词结构的省略当主从句主语一致是，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句可以省略成“介词+关系代词+不

11、定式”结构I have a computer with which I can look for much information. I have a computer with which to look for much information.(四) “名词+of+ which” 常代替 “whose+名词” 在定语从句中作定语 This is the house, whose window was broken last night.四、例题精析【例题1】 【题干】A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weath

12、er and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. There 【答案】C 【解析】先行词是地点，在定语从句中做状语。【例题2】 【题干】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. While 【答案】C 【解析】先行词是物，但在定语从句中做状语。【例题3】 【题干】The girl arrang

13、ed to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A. where B. who C. which D. What 【答案】A 【解析】有两个词可以充当先行词，lessons¢er，根据定语从句可以判断出是center在句中做状语。五、课堂运用【基础】 1. This is the factory _ I worked 10 years ago. A. where B. that C. what D. why【答案】A【解析】A 先行词factory

14、做work的状语。 2. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there【答案】C【解析】C 先行词是地点，在定语从句中做状语3. Is there a shop around _ we can buy some toilet articles? A. that B. which C. where D. what【答案】C【解析】C 先行词shop在定语从句中做

15、状语。【巩固】 4. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while【答案】C 【解析】C 先行词是物，但在定语从句中做状语。 5. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. whereB. on which C. under whichD. which【答案】A【解析】A 先行词drawer在定语从句中做状

16、语。6. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. whichB. that C. who D. where【答案】D【解析】D 定语从句是倒装，还原成正常语序是my grandparents and some relatives live ，所以，不难看出，先行词Guangzhou在句中做状语。【拔高】 7. Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had

17、gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when【答案】D【解析】D 先行词是stay，还原到定语从句中表示时间的延续。 8. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. whichD. whose【答案】B【解析】B planet在定语从句中做状语。 9. Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed 揟he Magic Flute? are both museums now. A. where B. when C. there D. which【答案】A【解析】 A 先行词birthplace and the house在定语从句中做状语。课程小结 本节课主要讲解了关系副词的使用， 通过本节课的学习，学生不仅要学会关系副词的选用，还要学会如何把关系副词运用到作文中去。接下来还会对三大从句进行对比，这样学生就会对三大从句有一个全面的认识