2020-2021学年外研版英语选修8课时作业：MODULE 3 FUNCTION AND GRAMMAR WORD版含解析.DOC

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家.阅读理解In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked

2、 if he needs help, he replies，“No, thanks. Ive got a good horse under me.”The city planners decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasnt enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River

3、or raise the city.An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the citys streets by as much as 12 feet.This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first fl

4、oors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily.

5、 But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a sixstory brick building?Thats where George Pullman came in. He had developed some housemoving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath t

6、he buildings foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullmans signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation,

7、 and many of its guests didnt even notice anything was happening.Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicagos early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicagos waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the cit

8、ys next step was to clean the polluted river.芝加哥早期城市规划不合理，一遇洪灾路面就会十分泥泞，后来在工程师Ellis Chesbrough和George Pullman的努力下，成功将城市路面以及建筑物提高，避免路面受洪灾影响，但这又导致了另外一个问题的出现。1The author mentions the joke to show _.Ahorses were fairly useful in ChicagoBChicagos streets were extremely muddyCChicago was very dangerous in

9、the springDthe Chicago people were particularly humorous答案：B解析：细节理解题。从文章第一段的内容可知，作者讲这个笑话是为了说明芝加哥的路面十分泥泞。2The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to _.Aget rid of the street dirtBlower the Chicago RiverCfight against heavy floods Dbuild the pipes above ground答案：D解析：细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句“An eng

10、ineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.”可得出答案。3The underlined word “hoist” in Paragraph 4 means “_”Achange BliftCrepair Ddecorate答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段画线词后面的“Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairl

11、y easily.”可知，hoist与lift同义。4What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?AIt went on smoothly as intended.BIt interrupted the business of the hotel.CIt involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.DIt separated the building from its foundation.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Astonishingly,

12、the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didnt even notice anything was happening.”可推断出Tremont Hotel的移动工程进行得很顺利。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aesop (伊索) was a slave living around 550 BC. We call the stories he wrote fables, as every story has a moral.

13、Almost all the fables he wrote are _1_ (humor) and entertaining, appealing to people _2_ all ages. To date, Aesops fables _3_ (translate) into many languages and are known all over the world. Not only _4_ the fables themselves lived for nearly 1,500 years, but _5_ (express) from them have entered va

14、rious languages.One fable, for instance, is about a farmer who was driving his cart along a country road. The cart got _6_ (stick) in the mud, but the farmer made _7_ effort to get it out. Instead, he began to pray to the gods for help. The god Hercules finally appeared and told _8_ man to get busy

15、and push _9_.“Push your shoulder to the wheel.” Hercules advised.The moral of the story is clear. We mustnt rely on others for help. Another saying which has come from the fable is “God helps those _10_ help themselves.”1humorous/humourous解析：考查词性转换。根据空格前的连系动词are可知，此空格应填形容词作表语。humor的形容词为humorous/humo

16、urous。2of解析：考查介词。此处指他写的寓言故事吸引了所有年龄段的人。of用来连接两个名词，其中第二个名词限定第一个名词或给出有关第一个名词的更多信息，符合语境。故填of。3have_been_translated解析：考查动词的时态和语态。动词translate与主语Aesops fables之间构成动宾关系；且根据时间状语“To date”可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been translated。4have解析：考查助动词。not only放于句首时，其所引导的句子须用部分倒装，即将助动词放在主语前面；根据“lived for nearly 1,500 yea

17、rs”可知，此处应使用现在完成时；主语为the fables，表示复数概念。故填have。5expressions解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，but后的分句中谓语动词为“have entered”，空格处应为名词复数作主语，指这些寓言故事里的一些表达已经深入到很多语言中去了。express的名词为expression。故填expressions。6stuck解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配get stuck in意为“陷入”，符合语境。故填stuck。7no/little解析：考查形容词。根据转折连词“but”可知，此处应为表示否定意义的形容词，即这个农民(几乎)没有努力把它弄出来。故填no/little。8the解析：考查冠词。此处再次提到上文的the farmer，即Hercules告诉那个农民去推车。所以填定冠词the。9it解析：考查代词。为了避免重复，此处用代词it指代上文中的the cart。10who解析：考查定语从句。先行词those在定语从句中作主语，意为“那些人”，所以用关系代词who引导该定语从句。God helps those who help themselves意为“天助自助者”。高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！