2019版高考英语专题化语法贯通市级重点高中版讲义：专题九 名词性从句 .docx

1、专题九名词性从句连接词that, whether, if引导的名词性从句1that引导的名词性从句(1)that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.(that不充当任何句子成分，也无实际意义)我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。(2)that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，常见句型有：Itbe形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)that从句It

2、 is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam!你们都通过了这次很难的考试真令人高兴！Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)that从句It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)that从句It is suggested that the lab building (should) be bu

3、ilt next year.有人建议实验楼明年修建。It特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)that从句It appears that they have made the same mistake.好像他们犯了同样的错误。名师指津在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”形式，其中的should可以省略。It is necessary/strange/important/natural etc.that .It is a pity that .It is suggested/requested/required/proposed/desir

4、ed etc. that .(3)动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是很有必要的。2whether与if 引导的名词性从句(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主语。Whether it is true remains a questio

5、n.这是否是真的依然是个问题。It is unknown if he will attend the meeting.他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether，用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。We dont know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否准备好了。Im interested in whether youve finished the work.我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if则不可以。

6、The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是它是否值得做。The question whether the work was worth doing has not been decided.这项工作是否值得做的问题还没有确定。 单句改错(2015全国卷)After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.解析： wherethat或去掉where这是一个宾语从句，不缺少成分且句意完整，所以不能用where，

7、应该用that引导宾语从句，that也可省略。连接代词和连接副词引导的名词性从句1连接代词引导的名词性从句连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等不但起连接作用，也在从句中作名词或代词所作的成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语等。缺少连接代词，从句不完整。What struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. 这部影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。What worries us most is who let out the secret.最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。2连接副词

8、引导的名词性从句连接副词when, where, why, how等不但起连接作用，也在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式等。He didnt tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。Go and get your coat. Its where you left it.去把你的大衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 我不知道怎么能到火车站。Thats why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那儿工作的原

9、因。3“疑问词ever”引导的名词性从句“疑问词ever”引导名词性从句时，有词意，并且在从句中充当一定的句子成分。Whoever breaks the law should be punished.无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。Wherever he goes makes his parents worry.他无论去哪儿父母都担心。名师指津“疑问词ever”还可以引导让步状语从句，但“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能用来引导名词性从句。Whatever ( No matter what) you do, you must do it well.无论你做什么，都必须做好。

10、单句语法填空/单句改错(2015全国卷)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.解析： how分析句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句。空格后的thick为形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填how。(2014广东高考)I didnt understand _ this would happen and my credit card had already been cha

11、rged for the reservation.解析： why根据语境可知，“我”不知道/不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引导。(2016全国卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.解析： thatwhere分析句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少地点状语。故用where引导。名词性从句易错点1that和what的区别that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解

12、成定语从句中的“先行词关系代词”，即常说的“先行词that/which/who”。Its a shame that he has made such a mistake.真遗憾，他犯了这样一个错误。I will do what I can (do) to help him.我将尽我所能帮助他。2同位语从句与定语从句的区别判断是定语从句还是同位语从句可以用“加词”的方法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。试比较：The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(同位语从句)The notice was that the meeting had to be put off.The notice that he read just now was true.(定语从句)