2022年长沙市初中学业水平英语考试试卷及答案.docx

1、2022年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷分析报告英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1. What is Lilys favorite sport?A. Ping-pong. B. Baseball. C. Tennis.2. What does Susan want to see in the zoo?A. Monkeys. B. Tigers. C. Pandas.3. When was

2、the piano bought?A. Last week. B. Last month. C. Last year.4. What is Henrys dream job?A. A coach. B. An artist. C. A doctor.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank. B. In a classroom. C. In a restaurant.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每

3、段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How was Marys trip to Beijing?A. Tiring. B. Wonderful. C. Terrible.7. Which place did Mary like best?A. The Summer Palace. B. The Forbidden City. C. The Great Wall.听第七段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is Annas problem?A. She cant speak Eng

4、lish well. B. She has difficulty in math. C. Her teacher is too strict.9. Who will help Anna?A. The boy. B. Her mom. C. Her math teacher.听第八段材料，回答第10、11题。10. What did the doctor ask the man to eat?A. Cakes. B. Seafood. C. Vegetables.11. What do the speakers mainly talk about?A. The doctors advice. B

5、. Fresh fruit. C. Healthy drinks.听第九段材料，回答第12至14题。12. What is the boy doing?A. Doing his homework. B. Playing a game. C. Reading a book.13. When can the boy play games according to his mom?A. After finishing his homework. B. After eating dinner. C. After growing up.14. What does the boy think of the

6、 rules?A. Reasonable. B. Enjoyable. C. Boring.听第十段材料，回答第15至17题。15. Where does Mike think he lost his earphones?A. On the bus. B. In the library. C. At the airport.16. How does the girl help Mike?A. By finding him his earphones. B. By lending him her earphones. C. By buying him new earphones.17. What

7、 will Mike do tonight?A. Visit a supermarket. B. Watch a movie. C. Meet his sister.听第十一段材料，回答第18至20题。18. Where was Peppa Pig made?A. In the USA. B. In Australia. C. In the UK.19. What does Peppa like to do?A. Hang out with George. B. Ride bikes and swim. C. Watch TV shows.20 Who is good at working o

8、n the computer?A. Peppas dad. B. Peppas mom. C. Peppas brother.（一）选材及其命题特点今年中考的听力材料所涉及的内容均为学生所熟悉的学习和生活经历。相对往年来说听力材料更加口语化、生活化、情景化，便于学生理解。主要考察学生理解说话者的意图并从中提取信息的能力，试题难度整体偏简单。（二） 教学建议1. 重视基础词汇的记忆与默写。2. 课上加强教材中的单词、短语、对话及课文的朗读训练。3. 每天坚持定量的英文听力材料输入，培养听感。第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的

9、A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEnglish Reading Salon（沙龙） Johnson Library Room 208 Read |Talk| Have free tea Thursday, June 30（7:00 p.m.8:30 p.m.） Robinson Crusoe by Daniel DefoeFor more information, you can visit1. How long will the salon last?A. 60 minutes.B. 90 minutes.C. 120 minutes.2. What can you do for fr

10、ee at the salon?A. Eat cookies.B. Have dinner.C. Drink tea.【答案】1. B 2. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了英语阅读沙龙的地点、时间、书籍、网址等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thursday, June 30（7:00 p.m.8:30 p.m.）”可知英语阅读沙龙是从晚上7点到8点半，一共1.5小时，即90分钟，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Have free tea”可知可以免费喝茶，故选C。BLostI lost my smartphone at West Park on Loomis Road on Mond

11、ay morning, Oct. 27. The photos in it havent been uploaded（上传）to the Cloud. They are very important to me. Please call me at 730-8607.posted by Steve LeeFoundA young black dog, cute and friendly, was found in Brooklyn Springs on Nov. 19. If you know the owner of this dog, please let him/her know or

12、e-mail me at .posted by Dora JonesLostMy 11-month-old cat Linda is grey with dark stripes（条纹）on her back. She has brown eyes. She was last seen at Jessicas on Center Street on May 9. If you see her, please call me at 730-9725.posted by Molly Louis3. Who lost a smartphone?A. Dora Jones.B. Molly Louis

13、.C. Steve Lee.4. Why did Dora post the information?A. To find the dogs owner.B. To find her own dog.C. To buy a black dog.5. What do we know about the missing cat Linda?A. She is 10 months old.B. She was last seen on May 9.C. She is all black.【答案】3. C 4. A 5. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，包括两则寻物启事和一则失物招领启事。【3题详

14、解】细节理解题。根据第一栏“I lost my smartphone. posted by Steve Lee”可知，Steve Lee丢了一部手机。故选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二栏“A young black dog, cute and friendly, was found. If you know the owner of this dog, please let him/her know.”可知，Dora发现一只狗，她贴启事的原因是想找到狗的主人。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三栏“She was last seen at Jessicas on Center Str

15、eet on May 9.”可知，这只猫最后一次被看到是在5月9日，B正确。故选B。CThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the great works by Mark Twain. The book is so interesting. Even today, it is quite popular among kids. Although I am in my thirties, the book remains one of my favorites. After re-reading the book recently, I have lear

16、ned an important lesson from Tom Sawyer.In our daily lives, we are often given some boring or tiring tasks. Whats in your mind when your mom tells you to clean the floor? Have you ever wanted to complain（抱怨）? I think most people have.Tom Sawyer, however, thought “differently” when he was given a bor

17、ing task. One Saturday morning, Aunt Polly told Tom to paint the fence（篱笆）. Toms friend Ben Rogers happened to walk past. Instead of complaining, Tom told Ben that he felt “excited” about the task. “Only one in a thousandmaybe even two thousand boys can do this!” Tom said.Toms words made Ben interes

18、ted in the task. He even gave Tom his apple so that he could have a chance to paint the fence. If Tom had thought about nothing but complaining, he would have had a bad day painting the fence.This story teaches me a valuable lesson: Complaining is useless. The next time you are given a boring or tir

19、ing task, dont complain. Unlike what happens in the story of Tom Sawyer, it is unlikely that someone will come and do the work for you. However, without complaining, youll feel better and perhaps even do a better job!6. Who is the writer of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?A. Aunt Polly.B. Mark Twain.C.

20、 Ben Rogers.7. According to the writer, what is most peoples immediate reaction（即时反应）to a boring task?A. Complaining about it.B. Accepting it.C. Refusing it.8. What did Aunt Polly ask Tom to do in this text?A. Visit Ben.B. Clean the floor.C. Paint the fence.9. Why did Tom say the underlined sentence

21、 to Ben in Paragraph 3?A. To express his sadness.B. To catch Bens interest.C. To show his anger.10. What does the writer learn from Tom Sawyer?A. It is no use complaining.B. Refusing is the best choice.C. Waiting is the only way out.【答案】6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过读了汤姆索亚历险记，从中学到了抱怨是没

22、有用的。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the great works by Mark Twain.”可知，汤姆索亚历险记的作者是马克吐温。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“Have you ever wanted to complain（抱怨）? I think most people have.”可知，大多数人对无聊任务的即时反应是抱怨。故选A。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“One Saturday morning, Aunt Polly told Tom to paint the fence.”可知，波莉阿姨

23、叫汤姆给篱笆上漆。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“Toms words made Ben interested in the task.”可推断出，Tom说这句话是为了吸引Ben的兴趣。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据“This story teaches me a valuable lesson: Complaining is useless.”可知，作者从汤姆的身上学到了：抱怨是没有用的。故选A。DOtters（水獭）are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular. In

24、 Japan, some “otter cafs（咖啡馆）” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take funny videos. These photos and videos posted online have interested more people to buy otters as pets.Howev

25、er, these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage（损害）that the online trade is doing to otters. In fact, wild otters are facing many threatsthey have long been hunted（猎杀）for their coats; in some places, fishermen have been killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish; and now, the online

26、 pet trade has become another big problem for otters.In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70% of the otters sold online are under one year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they are kept as pet

27、s by humans, they do not live full and natural lives.Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners bathtubs（浴缸）or pools are nowhere near as large as the

28、 bodies of water in the wild.On the other hand, otters simply dont make good pets. They have a very special fishy smell. If they are kept indoors, they will leave a lot of waste around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud no

29、ises and even attack（攻击）people. If a person is hurt by an otter, he or she needs to go to hospital at once. So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online.11. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?A. The ways of buying otters online.B. The advantages of

30、playing with otters.C. The popularity of keeping otters as pets.12. What does the underlined word “threats” mean in Paragraph 2?A. 机遇B. 威胁C. 选择13. What do we know about otters in the wild?A. They live in family groups of up to 15.B. They dont need enough space to swim.C. Baby otters never stay with

31、their mothers.14. Why dont otters make good pets?a. They may attack people.b. They may make loud noises.c. They have a special fishy smell.d. They need to go to hospital often.A. a, b, cB. a, b, dC. b, c, d15. What is the writers main purpose of writing the text?A. To tell people the otters living h

32、abits.B. To teach people how to keep a pet otter.C. To call on people to stop the otter pet trade.【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了水獭不应该被当成宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。【11题详解】段落大意题。根据“Otters（水獭）are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular.”和本段后文可知，首句点明了该段主旨：养

33、水獭当宠物很流行。故选C。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据“they have long been hunted（猎杀）for their coats”可知，水獭一直以来都被人们猎杀以获取皮毛，这是水獭面临的威胁，threats表示“威胁”。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.”可知，水獭生活在家庭成员多达15个的群体里，A正确。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“They have a very special fishy smellBe

34、sides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack（攻击）people.”可知，水獭不适合当宠物的原因包括：它们有一种非常特殊的鱼腥味；当水獭不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音；它们会攻击人。a, b, c正确。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据“So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online.”可知，尾段点明全文主旨，写作目的是呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。故选C。（

35、一） 命题特点及解题技巧阅读理解着重考察学生对有关日常生活话题文章的理解能力，文章语言地道、内容清楚、结构紧凑。短文使用的词汇符合初中毕业生的认知水平。阅读材料真实贴近生活。本次中考阅读理解主要分为细节理解、词义猜测、段落大意及主旨大意等四种题型，意在重点考察学生领悟文章主旨；理解文章的具体细节；根据上下文推测生词词义；对文章作出简单的判断推理并能揣测作者的意图和态度等。细节理解题：这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑

36、事实和细节的理解能力。所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析比较,才能做出正确的选择。(1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧先阅读所给的问题,判断其是否适合采用直接搜寻的阅读方法。如果所提问题是文章中出现的内容(即直接性答案),就可直接搜寻答案。(2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧阅读文章所给的问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解决。用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅

37、读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于什么体裁,以及文章安排的大体轮廓等。从头到尾阅读一遍。一般来说,第一段或前几句包含作者的基本思想和下文的发展线索,它是全文展开的基础,为下文发展搭建了理论框架。认真阅读第一段或文章的前几句,尽量抓住其中的主要情节和论点,把握全文发展的脉络。词义猜测题：这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。在阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就查词典,这是不可取的。一遇到生僻词语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。我们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否

38、都查词典呢?答案是否定的。可是我们是如何理解它们的呢?利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。主旨大意题：该题型要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从

39、而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。The human population on Earth grows larger each year. As a result, _16_. Because of climate change（气候变化）, growing more food is becoming even more difficult.When farmers tried to grow more food in the past, they would use farmi

40、ng methods that werent always healthy for the environment. To solve this problem, _17_. They spent several years talking to farmers. They wanted to see what problems farmers were having and how these problems could be solved. _18_. These special robots move around on farms and collect information ab

41、out crops（庄稼）. They can take pictures of plants, track（追踪）each plants growth and measure（测量）its size.In the past, though farmers did have information about the weather and the earth, they couldnt track each plant. _19_.By collecting information about plants, the robots can help farmers make predicti

42、ons（预测）about how their plants will grow. _20_. For example, if the robots find out which plants get sick, farmers can quickly throw them away before they are about to influence nearby plants. With the help of these robots, farmers can take better care of the plants in need.A. But now, with these rob

43、ots, they canB. This led to the creation of special robotsC. some scientists carried out a research projectD. more and more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyoneE. By studying each plant, the robots can also help farmers grow plants well【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了因为气候

44、变化，种植更多的粮食变得更加困难，但是因为机器人的出现，可以帮助解决这个问题。【16题详解】根据“The human population on Earth grows larger each year. As a result.growing more food is becoming even more difficult.”可知此处是介绍地球上的人口每年都在增长的结果，选项D“为了养活每个人，需要种植越来越多的粮食。”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据“To solve this problem. They spent several years talking to farmers”

45、可知此处介绍一些人为了解决问题，他们花了几年时间与农民交谈，选项C“一些科学家进行了一项研究项目”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据“how these problems could be solved.These special robots”可知此处是介绍机器人的出现可以帮助农民解决问题，选项B“这导致了特殊机器人的诞生”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据“In the past, though farmers did have information about the weather and the earth, they couldnt track each plant. ”（过

46、去，尽管农民确实掌握了天气和地球的信息，但他们无法追踪每一株植物。）可知此处是暗含转折关系，选项A“但现在，有了这些机器人，他们可以”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据“For example, if the robots find out which plants get sick, farmers can quickly throw them away before they are about to influence nearby plants.”可知此处是介绍机器人是如何帮助农民的，选项E“通过研究每一种植物，机器人还可以帮助农民把植物种好”符合语境，故选E。语篇补全该题型要求考生

47、阅读完一篇文章后,从题目给出的几个句子中选择正确选项,将其字母序号填入空白处,使文章意思完整。通常故事情节有较明确的时间线索。首尾句通常不设空,设空以逻辑关系为线索,侧重补充完整后文章情节的合理性。考生在做此类题时要关注各句子之间逻辑关系的种类,如并列、递进、转折、因果等,并能熟练掌握表达各种逻辑关系的关键词,如and,besides,but/however,because或so等,最终能利用已掌握的逻辑关系知识将文章还原。在阅读句子还原题给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点:该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)三类。另外,多余的干扰

48、项也可以通过这三个特点来排除,例如,在干扰项中,主旨概括句要么过于宽泛,要么以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构,注释性句子与上文脱节等。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。MessageNew Reply Forward Delete Print Move toDear Wang,Great to hear you are coming to the USA! I do hope you can stop by and visit us in the Big Apple a popular name for New York City

49、. There are so many things to see and do here. It would take a lifetime to list them all: Chinatown, Wall Street, Central Park, to name only a few. But knowing you as I do, Id suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan. It is very popular in the USA and just cant be missed!People often say that no vi

50、sit to New York City is complete without a trip to Broadway! Broadway with its cafs, street performers（表演者）and colorful signs really represents New Yorks loud spirit! As Broadway is the heart of the American theater industry, its at night when it truly comes alive. Broadway is well-known for its big

51、 theaters. They show Shakespeare, modern plays, dance shows or musicals take your pick! With your love of singing and interest in drama（戏剧）, Id recommend（推荐）a musical. Its a great and moving experience that Im sure you would love a bit like Peking opera! Many musicals are based on classic stories li

52、ke Les Miserables or Peter Pan, and they might even inspire（激发）you to read the books, too!My big news is that I am going to China on vacation this winter. I am looking for places of interest in China. Can you recommend some to me?See you soon!Leslie21. What is New York City also called?_22. Is Broad

53、way famous for its big theaters?_23. What are many musicals based on?_24. When is Leslie going to China on vacation?_25. Which place of interest in China will you recommend to Leslie?_【答案】21. The Big Apple. 22. Yes, it is. 23. They are based on classic stories (like Les Miserables or Peter Pan). 24.

54、 This winter. 25. I will recommend the Great Wall to her.【解析】【导语】本文是Leslie写给中国朋友的一封信，信中主要介绍了纽约的景点，尤其是百老汇的剧院。【21题详解】根据“I do hope you can stop by and visit us in the Big Applea popular name for New York City.”可知，纽约又被称作“大苹果”。故填The Big Apple.【22题详解】根据“Broadway is well-known for its big theaters.”可知，百老汇以

55、其大剧院而闻名，因此答案是肯定的。故填Yes, it is.【23题详解】根据“Many musicals are based on classic stories like Les Miserables or Peter Pan,”可知，许多音乐剧都是根据（悲惨世界或彼得潘等）经典故事改编的。故填They are based on classic stories (like Les Miserables or Peter Pan).【24题详解】根据“My big news is that I am going to China on vacation this winter.”可知，Les

56、lie将要在今年冬天去中国度假。故填This winter.【25题详解】开放性问题，答案不唯一，符合实际即可。故参考答案为I will recommend the Great Wall to her.阅读回答问题：该题型主要考察学生的阅读及表达能力。阅读是基础,表达是关键。所以在表达时,首先要注意以下原则:(1)在答题时,总的原则是:能简略回答,尽量简略回答。 (2)书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范,并且要使用正确;单词拼写要正确无误;单词书写要认真。(3)做出适当调整。在回答时,同学们应对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当调整。其次,

57、审题时要注意两个方面:(1)看清提问方式。要分清是一般疑问句、选择疑问句还是特殊疑问句。(2)要辨别问题类型。阅读表达主要分为细节理解题、主旨大意题、信息归纳题以及开放性问答题。考生需判断五道试题属于以上哪类问题,再通过不同的阅读策略高效获取信息,从而得到答案。第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I went to Beijing to study Chinese last year. I was _26_ about all the chances to b

58、etter my language skills, walk on the Great Wall, and most of all, eat real Chinese food! I _27_ remember my first jianbing, jiaozi and Peking duck. Each of them was amazing in its own way.I knew that real Chinese food would be different from the Chinese food I had eaten in the USA I couldnt wait to

59、 try all the _28_ dishes that came up in my research about Chinese food. One of my favorites turned out to be hotpot（火锅）.My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was _29_. As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters_30_ and their warmth of welcome. They tried their best to introduce all of th

60、e oils and spices（调味香料）to me.Looking around, I found that everyone had their own favorite sauce combinations（酱料组合）, ingredients and styles（食材和风格）. Some would carefully _31_ their ingredients into the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling（冒泡的）oil. You c

61、an learn a lot from the _32_ people eat hotpot.When I went back to the USA, I _33_ to prepare a hotpot meal for my family. It allowed me to not only share the culture that I had learned about, but also offer others a chance to _34_ China like I had. Its amazing that _35_ could bring so much to life!

62、26. A. sorryB. excitedC. tired27. A. stillB. neverC. hardly28. A. heart-breakingB. mouth-wateringC. time-saving29. A. unforgettableB. unpleasantC. unlucky30. A. coldnessB. lazinessC. friendliness31. A. playB. putC. wash32. A. wayB. toolC. price33. A. hatedB. refusedC. decided34. A. helpB. buildC. ex

63、perience35. A. jiaoziB. hotpotC. Peking duck【答案】26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中国吃火锅的经历。【26题详解】句意：我很高兴有机会提高我的语言技能。sorry遗憾的；excited兴奋的；tired疲惫的。根据“about all the chances to better my language skills,”以及全文可知，作者是喜欢中国的，此处需填入一个褒义词，B选项“excited”符合语境。be excited a

64、bout“对感到兴奋”。故选B。【27题详解】句意：我还记得我的第一个煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。still仍然；never从不；hardly几乎不。根据“Each of them was amazing in its own way.”可知，作者仍然记得煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。故选A。【28题详解】句意：我迫不及待地想尝尝我研究中餐时发现的所有令人垂涎的菜肴。heart-breaking令人心碎的；mouth-watering令人垂涎的；time-saving节省时间的。根据“One of my favorites turned out to be hotpot”可知，此处是指令人垂涎的菜肴。故选B

65、。【29题详解】句意：我在老北京的第一次火锅体验令人难忘。unforgettable难忘的；unpleasant不愉快的；unlucky不幸运的。根据“As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters.They tried their best to introduce all of the oils and spices to me.”可知，作者觉得第一次火锅体验是难忘的。故选A。【30题详解】句意：作为第一次来，我被服务员的友善和热情的欢迎所感动。coldness冷漠；laziness懒惰；friendliness友好。根据“and their wa

66、rmth of welcome.”可知，此处需填入一个词与“warmth”并列，C选项“friendliness”符合语境，意为“友好”。故选C。【31题详解】句意：有些人会小心翼翼地将他们的食材一个接一个地放入火锅中。play玩；put放置；wash洗。根据“their ingredients into the hotpot”和常识可知，是把食材放进火锅。固定短语put.into.“把放进”。故选B。【32题详解】句意：你可以从人们吃火锅方式中学到很多东西。way方式；tool工具；price价格。根据“Some would carefully.their ingredients into

67、the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling（冒泡的）oil.”可知，此处是指吃火锅的方式。故选A。【33题详解】句意：回美国后，我决定为家人准备一顿火锅。hated讨厌；refused拒绝；decided决定。根据“to prepare a hotpot meal for my family.”可知，此处是指准备了一顿火锅。固定短语decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选C。【34题详解】句意：它让我不仅可以分享我所了解的文化，还可以让其他人有机

68、会像我一样体验中国。help帮助；build建筑；experience经历。根据“My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was”以及“but also offer others a chance to.China like I had.”可知，此处是指体验中国的文化。故选C。【35题详解】句意：火锅能给生活带来如此多的东西真是太神奇了！jiaozi饺子；hotpot火锅；Peking duck北京烤鸭。根据“prepare a hotpot meal for my family.”可知，此处是强调火锅能给生活带来很多东西。故选B。完形填空

69、：完形填空的篇幅一般在150280词之间,以具有相对完整故事情节的记叙文为主,或写人或记事,兼有个别议论的句子。文章大都故事情节曲折、线索清晰、结构完整,有明确的主题,趣味性比较强,并兼有一定的教育意义。词语填空试题在着重考查学生阅读理解能力的情况下,兼顾对语言知识和逻辑推理的考查。重语境轻语法,所设的各个选项在形式上一般都符合语法规则,且词类基本相同,考生只有通过理解文章的情景及其需要表达的意义才能选出最佳答案。语法意义选择题极少,没有单纯考查语法知识的题。选项以实词为主,虚词为辅,填空以单词为主,短语为辅,词类分布广泛、科学,有利于从多方面考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力,词汇以词形与词法为

70、主。词汇内容涉及近义词的辨析、词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。词法在文章中的运用,包括名词的单复数、形容词和副词的比较等级、动词的时态和语态、介词、数词、代词和连词的用法等。第二节（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Netherlands needs thousands of new houses because the country _36_ (have) a growing population. Anyway, it may not have to build all those houses. Some of _37

71、_ (they) can be printed._38_ (recent), the government has been working together with a university and some building companies(公司) to build houses that are fully 3D-printed. As volunteers, an old couple has become the first people in Europe to move into such _39_ house.With two _40_ (bedroom) and a b

72、ig living room, the house was built layer(层) by layer, using a huge 3D printer and special cement(水泥). After being printed out, the house _41_ (carry) by a truck to the building site, and a roof (屋顶) and windows were later added. It took around 120 hours _42_ (finish) this 3D-printed house. Usually,

73、 it takes about one or two years to build a house in the _43_ (tradition) way.The couple will live _44_ this house for six months, with a monthly pay of 800 euros(欧元). The cost seems a little bit high, but they think it is much cheaper _45_ living in the hotel.【答案】36. has 37. them 38. Recently 39. a

74、 40. bedrooms 41. was carried 42. to finish 43. traditional 44. in 45. than【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了荷兰用3D打印机建造的一座房子。【36题详解】句意：荷兰需要数千栋新房子，因为该国人口不断增长。根据“The Netherlands needs”可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语是“the country”，谓语have用第三人称单数形式。故填has。【37题详解】句意：其中一些可以打印。介词“of”后用代词宾格，some of them“它们中的一些”。故填them。【38题详解】句意：最近，政府一直在与一所大学和

75、一些建筑公司合作建造完全3D打印的房屋。逗号前用副词修饰整个句子，recently“最近”，首字母大写。故填Recently。【39题详解】句意：作为志愿者，一对老夫妇成为欧洲第一对搬进这样一所房子的人。“house”是可数名词单数，前面需加冠词，表示“这样的一所房子”，且“house”以辅音音素开头，用such a house。故填a。【40题详解】句意：这座房子有两间卧室和一个大客厅，是用一台巨大的3D打印机和特殊的水泥一层一层地建造的。bedroom“卧室”，“two”修饰可数名词复数。故填bedrooms。41题详解】句意：房子被打印出来后，用卡车运到了建筑工地，后来又加上了屋顶和窗户

76、。描述过去的事情用一般过去时，根据“by a truck”可知，用被动语态was/were+done的结构，主语是“the house”，be动词用was。故填was carried。【42题详解】句意：完成这座3D打印房子花了大约120个小时。“It takes+时间段+to do sth”，表示“做某事花费多长时间”，动词不定式作主语。故填to finish。【43题详解】句意：通常，用传统的方式建造一所房子需要一到两年的时间。tradition“传统”，名词，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词“way”。故填traditional。【44题详解】句意：这对夫妇将在这所房子里住六个月，月付800

77、欧元。live“住，生活”，不及物动词，live in“住在”。故填in。【45题详解】句意：费用似乎有点高，但他们认为这比住在酒店便宜得多。根据“it is much cheaperliving in the hotel”可知，住在这所房子比住酒店便宜，than“比”，前面用比较级。故填than。语法填空：（一）选材及其命题特点语法填空从去年纳入中考，该题型代替了语法单项选择，从小语境扩到了大语境，有效地避免了缺乏上下文的语言歧义。未来已到来：荷兰3D打印住宅已可以居住！几年前人们对3D打印还抱有某种怀疑，但这实际上是一种可行的技术，并将持续存在。一对年老的夫妇已经成为欧洲第一座墙体由3D打

78、印技术建造的可居住房屋的租户。这篇选材也体现今年长沙中考进一步贯彻育人导向，选材围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题语境，在题设上侧重考查考生对于基础知识在具体语境中的灵活运用能力。二）考查知识与能力（三）教学建议1.语法填空题目中，词类转化占比较大，因此，教师应该重视词汇教学，引导学生掌握常见的构词法。2.教师应该将语法教学置于具体语境和篇章中。3.教师应注重培养学生对长难句结构分析能力。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。When people say Chinese culture, we often think of paper cut

79、ting. 1. Paper cutting is an art form with a long history in China. Traditional paper-cuts were first put on windows for decoration（装饰）. That is why paper-cuts are also called “window flowers”. Most paper-cuts are made of red paper, because red means good luck in Chinese culture. Today, people use p

80、aper-cuts to decorate not only windows, but also doors and other furniture（家具）. 2. Sometimes, people use them as gifts.Paper-cuts are popular because of their expressions of good wishes and hopes. During the Spring Festival, for example, many people put up paper-cuts of the Chinese character（汉字） “Fu

81、” upside down on the door. 3. 他们希望这会给他们带来好运。 At wedding ceremonies（婚礼）, you can always see paper-cuts of the character “Xi”. It means that the new couple can enjoy happiness together.Paper cutting has developed into different styles in different parts of China. 4. Paper-cuts from the north of China

82、usually have interesting shapes. In southern China, people prefer paper-cuts with the themes（主题）of flowers, fruit, birds and fish.5. 学习剪纸非常容易。 With a piece of paper and a knife or a pair of scissors, you can try to make your own paper-cuts. Although paper cutting is easy to start with, you need a lo

83、t of practice and imagination to become really good at it.46. _47. _48. _49. _50. _【答案】46. 剪纸在中国是一种历史悠久的艺术形式。 47. 有时，人们用它们作为礼物。 48. They hope it will bring them good luck. 49. 中国北方的剪纸通常有有趣的形状。 50. Learning paper cutting is very easy.【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了中国的传统文化剪纸。【46题详解】Paper cutting“剪纸”；is“是”；an art form

84、“一种艺术形式”；with a long history“有悠久的历史”；in China“在中国”。故填：剪纸在中国是一种历史悠久的艺术形式。【47题详解】Sometimes“有时候”；people“人们”；use.as.“使用作为”；gifts“礼物”。故填：有时，人们用它们作为礼物。【48题详解】they“他们”；hope“希望”，后加宾语从句，that省略；it“它”；will bring them good luck“将会给他们带来好运”。故填They hope it will bring them good luck.【49题详解】Paper-cuts“剪纸”；from“来自”；

85、the north of China“中国北方”；usually“通常”；have interesting shapes“有有趣的形状”。故填：中国北方的剪纸通常有有趣的形状。【50题详解】learning paper cutting“学习剪纸”，此处是动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；is“是”；very easy“非常容易”。故填Learning paper cutting is very easy.语篇翻译：语篇翻译既考察学生对英语的基础知识与基本技能的掌握情况，更重视考察学生在具体环境中综合运用语言的能力。意在要求学生有准确的语言素养，对词句的理解、词性的区别和运用以及固定搭配、动词的时态

86、、句子的类型结构等方面能够正确的表达，同时还要注意语言之间的逻辑关系，且符合语言的表达习惯。本次中考翻译题均为简单句，整体偏简单，在日后的教学中可以侧重简单句五大基本句型的操练。第四部分 写作（满分15分）51. 新学期来了，学生社团又要招新啦！假如你是社团招新工作负责人，请根据以下内容和要求写一篇短文，为同学们介绍社团的情况（包括名称、活动及目的）。要求：（1）介绍下表中第1和第2两个社团，并联系实际或发挥想象，补充介绍第3个社团；（2）80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；（3）文中不得出现真实人名和校名。1. Public SpeakersActivities:practice spe

87、aking in public and give speeches; Purposes:to voice opinions clearly and confidently; to overcome fear and shyness; 2. Cool CooksActivities:design（设计）healthy menus and learn how to cook; Purposes:to have balanced（均衡的）and healthy eating; to enjoy life; 3. _Sports_Activities:choose your own favourite

88、 sports and do exercise with friends;Purposes:to keep fit and lose weight; to make more friends;Clubs Are Calling!The new term is here. Are you ready for an interesting and colorful school life? Now Id like to introduce some of our clubs.In the club of Public Speakers, _【答案】例文： Clubs Are Calling!The

89、 new term is here. Are you ready for an interesting and colorful school life? Now Id like to introduce some of our clubs.In the club of Public Speakers, you will practice speaking in public and give speeches. The purpose is to voice opinions clearly and confidently. By joining this club, you can ove

90、rcome your fear and shyness and become more out-going. The Cool Cooks club is really cool. It holds activities such as designing healthy menus and learning how to cook. You can taste different food and develop a balanced and healthy eating habit. It will make your life more enjoyable. If you want to

91、 lose weight or just keep fit, the Sports Club is your best choice. There are many kinds of sports in this club. You can choose your own favourite sports and do exercise with friends and other students. So you will make more friends at the same time.You can choose more than one club, depending on yo

92、ur interest and time. I believe these clubs will make your school life full of surprises. Join us now!【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：题干要求根据表格中所给的两个社团的信息，并补充第三个社团信息，介绍这三个社团，包括它们的名称、活动内容和目的。2. 写作指导：本文时态采用一般现时和一般将来时，以第三人称介绍俱乐部。写作时承接所给开头，对三个俱乐部的活动和目的分别进行描述，最后另起一段表达期望并呼吁同学们加入。注意保持主谓的一致性，做到无标点和语法错误。书面表达：中考书面表达都是提示型作文,是提供

93、材料让考生根据所给材料写一篇英语短文。提示的形式基本上有三种:1.汉语提示;2.英语提示;3.问题提示。要求根据汉语意思和英语提示词语,写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的英语文段。提示部分把所要写的要点列了出来,要求根据所给的提示,利用合理的想象,运用一定的语言逻辑,使用正确的词法和句法,将所给要点用英语准确连贯地表达出来,切记要点不能漏掉。写作步骤步骤1认真审题,明确要求在提笔写作之前,花几分钟时间弄清题目提示的内容和要求,以免文不对题。倘若审题不准,就有可能出现“下笔千言,离题万里”的情况。要注意审清楚文体,确定是写应用文还是记叙文或者其他文体。步骤2分析要点,编制提纲通过审题,弄清文章的主题之后,

94、接着就要考虑文章的内容要点,组织语言材料了。根据题目提示或说明,按事件发生的时间顺序或空间顺序或事理重要性顺序,选取那些典型的、易于表达的材料作为自己写作的重点,列出提纲。这是一个非常好的习惯,好处在于:可以使杂乱无章的材料变得井然有序,可以使写作思路清晰,可以避免在卷面上出现涂改现象。此外,列提纲还可以节省时间,以便腾出更多的时间来解答其他题目。步骤3依纲据点,扩展成文列出写作提纲之后,就可以着手写作了。要注意把题目要求的东西无一遗漏地写进去,以确保内容的完整。同时,对于与要求无关的内容切忌任意发挥,画蛇添足。这一步是整个写作过程的关键环节。为保证写作质量,必须注意以下几点:(1)尽量运用最

95、基本的词汇和句型,写自己最熟悉、最有把握的句子。(2)尽量多用简单句,少用复合句;多用短句,少用长句;还要注意语言准确,符合英语习惯,尽量避免汉语式的英语。(3)表达限定的内容有困难时,要沉着冷静,可以通过变换句型的办法来达到目的。(4)要用英语思维,尽量避免受汉语影响。(5)不要硬译。书面表达不同于汉译英,它有较大的灵活性,一个要点的表达方式并非是唯一的,只要意思明确,用词正确,都可得分。也就是说,遇到自己不熟悉的词语时,要学会变通,变难为易,一句话正说不行,可以反过来说,如果还不会表达,就再换一种方式。(6)注意上下文的衔接。根据意思的需要,句子之间要加上必要的连词或过渡词语。and、but、so等常见连词的使用,可使短文衔接自如、结构紧凑。步骤4反复检查,查漏补缺在写好短文后,从题目要求上要对全文进行检查和修改。经过反复修改润色,才能措辞准确,句子流畅,布局严谨。因此修改文章是提高写作水平的有效方法。