人教英语八下现在完成时教案.doc

1、 姓名：_ 教学课题：_现在完成时_现在完成时一 现在完成时的构成：Have/has+过去分词二 句式转换1） 肯定句：have/has+过去分词Eg:We have seen the film before.2） 否定句：have/has+not+过去分词Eg:She hasnt seen the film before.3） 一般疑问句：Has/Have+主语+过去分词+其他？Eg:Has she finished her homework yet?4） 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词？Eg：How long have you been in Shanghai ?

2、三动词过去分词变化形式动词的过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 1. 一般在动词原形后加-ed读音规则：-ed在清辅音音素后发音为t，在浊辅音音素后发音为d，在元音音素后发音也为d。例：watched dreamed enjoyed-ed在音素t、d后发音为id。例：start started sound sounded2. 在以-e结尾的动词后加-d。 例：like liked live-lived3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。例：worry worried4. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。例：drop drop

3、ped prefer preferred练习：( )1.Have you finished your work? .(A).Yes,I have. (B)Yes,I do. (C)Yes,I am. (D)Yes,I did.( )2.Has she ever learned English? (A)Yes, she has. (B)Yes, she does. (C)No, she doesnt (D)No, she has（ ）3.I Enghish in this school since 2019(A)taught (B)have taught (C)tea (D)would teac

4、h( )4.Lilei the pen for five years(A)has had (B)bought (C)have had (D)have bought四现在完成时的用法：一）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与just，already，yet等副词连用。标志词：already，yet , never, ever, just, beforeEg: I have just finished my homework. I cant find my watch now. I think I have already lost it. Have ever been t

5、o Japan? 辨析：already 与yetalready 做副词，意为“已经”，通常用在肯定句中，与现在完成时连用。放在have/has后，过去分词前面。yet 做副词，意为“已经”，与现在完成时连用，用于疑问句或者否定句中，通常位于句末，也可以与not连用，构成not yet,用于简略回答，意为还没有注意：在现在完成时中，含有already 的陈述句变为否定句/疑问句时，讲already变为yet.Eg : 1.I have already seen the film._.2.She has already finished reading the book._?3.-Has he c

6、ome?-Not yet.练习：( )1.Have you travelled on the train. Yes, I have.(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet( )2.Have you finished your homework Not .(A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just( )3. We havent finished our homework .(A)already(B)ever (C)yet (D)never( )4.Have you learned English? Yes, Ive learned a lot.(A

7、)never, ever(B)ever, never (C)ever, already (D)already. ever( )5.Have you finished your homework ? Yes, Ive done that (A)yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just( )6.Johns father borrowed some pictures(A)have already (B)has just (C)have ever (D)has yet二） 表示从过去某时开始持续到现在（包括现在在内）并可能继续

8、持续下去的动作或者状态常与for和since连用标志词：for，since，in the past few days, so far, up to now,recently, lately She has taught us English since two years ago.My brother has played the violin since he was only five years old.辨析：for 与since Eg：1.Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 2.I have known Daniel since 7 years

9、ago.3.Hes learned about 5000 words since he went to college.It is/has been +时间段+since+一般过去时Eg: it has been about 10 years since we got married.It is three years since he joined the League. 他已经入团三年了。2） for +一段时间He has taught in this school for four years. I havent seen her for a long time. （3）since和f

10、or的转换since 一段时间 ago for 时间段;since two weeks ago = for two weeks;for a year = since a year agoeg :I have leaved here for ten years=_. My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.=_.1. 延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法（1）延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, wa

11、tch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。【例句】He stayed away from the class for two days. 他两天没去上课。I waited for you for half an hour. 我等了你半个钟头。延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，可与for+时间段, since+时间点或since+一般过去时的句子连用。表示时间段的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。（2）非延续性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束

12、。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy等。 【例句】She arrived yesterday evening. 她是昨天晚上到的。 He left here three days ago. 他三天前就离开了。 They came to a wide river. 他们来到一条宽阔的河边。Mother bought us some new clothes. 妈妈给我们买了一些新衣服。非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

13、（3）常用的非延续性动词与延续性动词的对应关系【例句】这本书我借了一个月了。（）I have borrowed that book for one month.（）I have kept that book for one month.用相应的延续性动词替代非延续性动词，常见的相应转换形式如下:1. borrow / lendkeep, 2. buyhave, 3. finish / endbe over, 4. arrive /come / go / move / reach /get tobe in /at / be here /be there, 5. begin / startbe o

14、n , 6. openbe open , 7. closebe closed, 8. diebe dead , 9. leavebe away（from）, 10. go to schoolbe in school / be a student, 11. get upbe up, 12. fall asleepbe asleep , 13. fall illbe ill, 14. get to knowknow, 15. losebe lost, 16. becomebe, 17. return / come back / get backbe back, 18. joinbe in / be

15、 amember,19. join the armybe in the army /be a soldier, 20. receive / get a letterhave a letter , 21. catch / get a coldhave a cold, 22. begin to studystudyEg: We have been married for about 10 years. His father has been dead for 2 years.练习：按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/mo

16、ve to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2) I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.3) I went home yesterday.I _ _ _ home for _ _.4) They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, r

17、eturn be backcome/go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _.become be1) I became a teacher in 2019.I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed open be open1) The s

18、hop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get to sleep be asleepfinish/end be over marry be married1) I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.2) He left Fuzhou j

19、ust now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2019.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1) I began

20、 to teach at this school in 2019.I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep lose not have buy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a coldget to know know1) They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a

21、 pen for _ _.3) I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for two days.join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of

22、the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2019.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.C）选择填空( )1.

23、How long can I this book? Two weeks(A)borrow (B)keep (C)lend (D)return( )2.Her father in 1990 and her husband for more than five years(A)died ,dead (B)has died, dead (C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died( )3.I have this nice watch for two years(A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend( )4.He his h

24、ome for ten years(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from( )5.He a league member for three years (A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become( )6.Lihuas brother has for two years(A)joined the army (B)been an army (C)become a soldier (D)been in the army( )7.He hasnt Quanzhou

25、ever since he left school(A)left (B)been away (C)been (D)away练习：A）用since和for填空1) _ two years2) _ two years ago3) _ last month4) _ 20195) _ yesterday6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours8) _ an hour ago9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time11) _ she left hereB）用since和for填空1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year be

26、fore last.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.C）选择填空( )1.Ive been like this ever snice (A)last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week( )2.

27、My mother has worked in this factory 2 years.(A)about (B)for (C)in (D)since( )3. I havent heard from him last week.(A)since (B) for (C)ago (D)before( )4.His father joined the party_(A)for three years (B)since three years ago(C)three years ago (D)in two years time( )5.He moved here in 2019,and he has

28、 been here .(A)at that time (B)for five years ago(C)since four years (D)for four years( )6.Tom has been away from home about five days ago.(A) (B)in (C)since (D)for五、句式：主句（现在完成时）since+ 从句（一般过去时） ( )1.she English in our school ever since she here.(A)has taught, come (B)taught ,came(C)has taught, has

29、come (D)teaches, has come( )2.OurEnghish teacher in our school since he to China.(A)has taught . come (B)taught,come(C)has taught, has . come (D)teaches, has come( )3.She in Taizhou since she born in 1980(A)has lived, has been (B)has lived, was(C)lived, has been (D)lived, was六、句式：Its 一段时间since从句（用一般

30、过去时）( )1.Its ten years since she .(A)has left (B)has been away (C)left (D)leave ( )2. Its three years since he the army . (A)has joined (B)has been in (C)join (D)joined三）Have gone to与have been to have been to 和have gone to的区别 have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里,后面可以接次数，表示去过某地几次【例句】He has been to the USA thre

31、e times.他曾去过美国三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”）have gone to主要强调的是“去了”，现在人不在说话的现场【例句】Wheres your mother? 你妈妈在哪？She has gone to the hospital. 她去医院了。练习：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back ,

32、do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once. B） 用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just n

33、ow.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How long _ have _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.C）选择填空( )1.Mrs whites isnt here, she London, she there many times(A

34、)has been to , went (B)has gone to , has been(C)went to, has gone (D)has been to , has gone( )2.She has_ to Beijing twice .(A)gone (B) got (C)been (D)come( )3.where your father , Li Lei? To Beijing(A)have, been (B)has, been (C)have, gone (D)has, gone( )4.Mr Green isnt in the office , He to the libra

35、ry(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go( )5.Mr smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone( )6.They_ China for two years (A)have been to (B)have been in(C)have gone to (D)have come to五1. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别（1）现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是

36、说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。 （2）一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时谓语的基本构成是“助动词 have/ has + 过去分词”。（3）一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2019 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和 these days ,this week 等表示一段时间的状语连用。 【例句】Have you seen the film? 你看过那个电影吗？Did you see the film? 你看那部电影了吗

37、？练习( )1. Have you finshed your homework Yes, I it last night(A)finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish( )2. you ever to Nanjing Yes, I there last year.(A)Havegone, have gone (B)Havebeen , went(C)Didgo, went (D)Didgo, has , been( )3.When you Lucy in New York? I here for two years(A)didmeet

38、, havent seen (B)didmeet, havent seen(C)didmeet, dont see (D)wouldmeet, hadnt seen( )4.-when_ you to Beijing? How long you here?(A)havecome , havebeen (B)didcome , havebeen(C)didcome , didgo (D)didcome , have gone课后练习a. 根据要求改写句子。My father has finished his work.（改为否定句）My father _ _his work.Ive ever b

39、een to Beijing.（改为一般疑问句）_you_ _to Beijing？Jim finished his homework.（改为现在完成时）Jim_ _ his homework.He has been to Guangzhou twice.（就划线部分提问）_ _ _has he been to Guangzhou？ 句型转换（每空一词）1、They have won the game.(改为否定句)They _ _the game.2、Hes already got some books on history.(改为一般疑问句)_he _got _books on histo

40、ry_？3、She has put her eraser somewhere. (改为否定句)She _put her eraser _.4、My uncle has been to Paris once . (就划线部分提问) _ _ _ has your uncle been to Paris？5、She was ill yesterday and she is in hospital now .(改为同义句) She _ _ ill for two days .6、I came to Weifang ten years ago. (改为同义句) I _ _in Weifang for ten years.7、Joy met one of her good friends yesterday.(用ever改写句子) Joy _ever_ one of her good friends.8、She has already had her lunch.( 改为一般疑问句) _she _her lunch_？9、Ive watched the film.( 就划线部分提问) _ _you_？10、Has he gone to London？(作肯定回答)_ ,_ _ .