2022年高考英语语法复习:独立主格结构 专项练习题汇编(含答案解析).docx
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1、2022年高考英语语法复习:独立主格结构 专项练习题汇编1My son went out to play football,his lessons_ for the day.()Awas finishedBbeing finishedCto be finishedDfinished2Many young people, most _ well received, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams()Aof whichBof themCof whomDof those3There are so many tall trees in t
2、he forest,_()Asome of them measures 50 metresBsome of which measuring 50 metresCsome of them measuring 50 metresDsome of which measures 50 metres4Frank went back home, to study much harder than before.()Awith his mind making upBhis mind making upCwith his mind made upDhis mind being made up5_ severa
3、l times, but unfortunately, the boy still couldnt smooth away the problem on his own.()AHaving explained itBThe teacher having explained itCThe teacher had explained itDAlthough the teacher had explained it6_,they went home,_()ATheir work had been finished; singing and laughingBThey had finished the
4、ir work; sang and laughedCTheir work finished; singing and laughingDAfter their work finished; singing and laughing7It _ heavily,the outing had to be put off.()Abeing rainedBbeing rainingCrainingDrains8It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.()AisBto beCbeingDbeen9He wrote many childrens books,nearly
5、half of_published in the 1990s()AwhomBthemCwhichDthat10_,well go camping this weekend()AWeather permittingBIf weather is permittedCWeather permitsDWeather permitted11_, your article is of greater value than his()AAll things consideredBAll things consideringCAll things are consideredDAll things are c
6、onsidering12There _ no buses, we had to take a taxi()AbeingBwasCisDwere13John said, _, we went for a swim()ABeing hotBIt being hotCAs it is hotDIt was hot14The college announced the students exchange program, most of _ students having submitted their application forms()AthemBwhichCwhoseDits15In Alic
7、e Munros novel, Carla, trapped in a bad marriage, , decides to flee()Aher unhappiness being built into desperationBher unhappiness has built into desperationCher unhappiness builds into desperationDher unhappiness building into desperation16 Hey, Jenny, my online carhailing service is unavailable Co
8、uld you reserve a car for tomorrow? Sorry, the upgrade_, my phone has been brickedits stuck in emergency mode and wont start up()Anot to completeBnot completingCnot completedDnot having completed17_,I went out for a walk()AThere was nothing to doBThere being nothing to doCThere had nothing to doDThe
9、re were nothing to do18He wrote lots of bestsellers throughout his life,the majority of translated into English()AwhichBwhatCthemDwhose19The interviewees hands _,the interviewer observed that the young graduate was extremely tense()AfoldedBto foldCfoldDfolding20_ Sunday, the library doesnt open()ABe
10、ingBIt isCIt beingDThere being21The Amazon rainforest is considered the lungs of Earth,much of_ located in Brazil()AwhichBwhatCitDthat22All of flights _called off because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train()AwereBhaving beenCbeingDhad been23_ Sunday, the family decided to go for
11、a picnic()AIt wasBIt isCIt beingDAs was24Oh!Dear!Its so dark hereTake my hand,eyes_,and you will not get lost()Abeing closedBclosedCto closeDare closed25Time_, Ill drop in on you while visiting your hometown()ApermitBpermittedCbeing permittedDpermitting26_the teacher watching me by the desk,I felt u
12、neasy and couldnt focus my attention()ASinceBForCAsDWith27It _ now pretty late,we took our things and returned to our room()AisBbeingCturnedDgot28Titled Pain,the book contains 51 poems,_ written in the past three years,Zhao told China Daily in Beijing()Amost of whichBmost of themCmost of whatDmost o
13、f it29_, a man who has a good command of English is sure to enjoy an advantage over a man whose command is poor()AOther things being equalBOther things were equalCTo be equal to other thingsDOther things to be equal30All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take t
14、he train()Awere canceledBhaving been canceledChad been canceledDhave been canceled31School Art Festivals often include diverse activities like crosstalks and plays,all _on a schools traditions()ArestingBrestedCto restDhaving rested32Ann never dreams of _ a chance for her to go abroad()AbeingBthere w
15、ill beCthere beingDthere to be33Time _, Ill pay a visit to you while I am in your hometown()ApermittingBpermitsCpermittedDwill permit34The schoolboys and schoolgirls are walking along the street,_ a small red cap()Aeach of them hasBthey each haveCevery wearsDeach wearing35A database of Europewide po
16、pulation of 340 bird species _,researches drew a conclusion that some 36% of European migratory bird species were in decline()Abeing analyzedBhad been analyzedCanalyzedDto be analyzed36All things_(consider), Mary is the most suitable person()A谓语;are consideredB谓语;are consideringC非谓语;consideringD非谓语;
17、considered37_ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement()AThe president will attendBThe president to attendCThe president attendedDThe presidents attending38So far all cloned animals have suffered from some different serious disorders, _dying soon after birth()Amany of themBmany of
18、 whomCmany of whichDmany of that39All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train()AcancelingBto cancelChaving been canceledDbeing canceled40_ Sunday, the students are at home()ABeingBTo beCIt isDIt being41The superhero movie Avengers: Endgame topped Chine
19、se mainland box office,Capernaum _ the second place()AtookBtakenChaving takenDtaking42_ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon()AJudgedBJudgingCHaving judgedDTo judge43Work_, we left the office()AfinishingBhad been finishedChaving finishedDfinished44Almost a
20、ll metals are good conductors, _()Aand silver being the best of allBsilver is the best of allCsilver being the best of allDwhile silver being the best of all45They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of carried out in their work()AwhichBwhatCthatDthem46There are twenty people in the medi
21、cal team, _.()Athree nurses includedBwhich including three nursesCthat includes three nurseDthree of them are nurse47He invented a lot of things, many of _ taken _ granted by people()Athem; forBwhich; forCwhat; forDwhich; of48She was wearing jeans and a sweater, sitting at the table I had just clean
22、ed, a pile of papers _ around her()Ais spreadingBspreadsCspreadDhaving spread49_,the text became easier for us to learn()AExplaining new wordsBNew words explainedCBeing explained new wordsDHaving explained new words50This shop sells a variety of shoes,_from 50 to100()Athe prices of them rangingBthe
23、prices of them rangeCwhose prices rangingDand their prices ranging参考答案与试题解析1My son went out to play football,his lessons_ for the day.()Awas finishedBbeing finishedCto be finishedDfinished【分析】我儿子出去踢足球,他今天的课都上完了。【解答】分析句子,句中已有谓语,设空处应用非谓语动词,his lessons_ for the day为独立主格结构,finish和逻辑主语his lessons之间为被动关系,
24、故用过去分词。故选:D。【点评】考查独立主格结构,做题时,分析句子,结合句意和选项做出判断。2Many young people, most _ well received, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams()Aof whichBof themCof whomDof those【分析】许多年轻人,大多数都深受好评,去偏远的地区去追寻他们的梦想【解答】答案:B 考查独立主格结构of which和of whom引导非限制性定语从句,空格后面well是副词,修饰形容词received(被承认的、被一致认可的),没有谓语动词,故此处并非是
25、非限制性定语从句,排除选项A和Cof themthem指代前面名词people,名词(代词)+形容词,可判断为独立主格结构选项B符合题意故选:B。【点评】本题考查独立主格结构熟记独立主格结构的构成及在句子中的用法,结合语境作出正确选择3There are so many tall trees in the forest,_()Asome of them measures 50 metresBsome of which measuring 50 metresCsome of them measuring 50 metresDsome of which measures 50 metres【分析】
26、森林里有这么多的参天大树,有的高达50米【解答】答案:C解析:分析所给选项可知,B、D选项是将后面的部分当作了非限制性定语从句;但是B选项的错误之处在于谓语动词使用错误(measuring为非谓语动词,即不能作谓语),D选项的错误之处在于定语从句的主语是复数形式的some(tress),故谓语动词应使用相应的复数形式(measure)A、C选项是将后面的部分看作了独立主格,因为前后句子的主语不一致(前面句子的主语是so many tall trees,而后面句子的主语是some of the trees);measure测量一词是主动表被动,故后面的独立主格句子中位于动词应使用现在分词形式(即
27、measuring)综上,本题答案为C选项故选:C。【点评】本题考查独立主格,做此类题目时一定要结合题干及所给选项仔细分析句子结构,准确判断出句子所缺成分及该成分由什么来充当4Frank went back home, to study much harder than before.()Awith his mind making upBhis mind making upCwith his mind made upDhis mind being made up【分析】弗兰克回到家里,比以前更加努力地学习了。【解答】答案 C 根据题意,弗兰克回到家里,比以前更加努力地学习了。由题意可知,his
28、 mind和make up之间是属于被动关系,由此可排除A和B;该题的逗号后面是一个状语,如果用独立主格结构来表达,则为:his mind made up。如果用his mind being made up翻译成正在下定决心去,则句意不同,句意表明该动作其实已经发生了,而不是正在发生。如果用with的复合结构则为:with his mind made up故选:C。【点评】本题着重考查独立主格结构,这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注独立主格结构,也可以考虑将分词和独立主格结构放在一起对比记忆,这样更加有利于加深对于独立主格结构的理解和记忆。5_ several times, but
29、unfortunately, the boy still couldnt smooth away the problem on his own.()AHaving explained itBThe teacher having explained itCThe teacher had explained itDAlthough the teacher had explained it【分析】虽然老师解释了很多遍,但不幸的是,这个男孩仍然无法独自解决这个问题。【解答】结合句意可知,explain的逻辑主语是the teacher,两者之间是主动关系,故在独立主格结构中用主语+现在分词,C选项符合
30、题意。而D选项中although是不可以与句中but连用的。故选:B。【点评】考查独立主格结构,需要考生分析出动词的主语及主被动关系。6_,they went home,_()ATheir work had been finished; singing and laughingBThey had finished their work; sang and laughedCTheir work finished; singing and laughingDAfter their work finished; singing and laughing【分析】他们的工作完成了,他们唱着笑着回家了【解
31、答】答案是C本题考查分词的独立主格结构分词的独立主格结构是主语+分词的结构,注意2点:1)分词的选择看分词和结构中的主语的关系;2)结构中不能用谓语动词,不看成句子,后面可以接完整的句子本题逗号后面是完整的句子,逗号前若用完整的句子则需要并列连词或从属连词,但是D项中after 引导的时间状语从句中work和finish之间是被动关系,正确的表达因为After their work was finished,所以D错误A和B的第一部分是完整的句子,缺少连词连接两句,所以A和B错误;C项是主语(Their work)+过去分词(finished)构成的独立主格结构,符合要求;第二部不中sing和
32、dance是做伴随状语,与句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用singing and dancing,故选C【点评】首先判断选项中的动词在句中是以谓语还是非谓语形式出现,然后根据选项在句中的功能结合非谓语的基本用法做出合理的判断7It _ heavily,the outing had to be put off.()Abeing rainedBbeing rainingCrainingDrains【分析】雨下得很大,郊游不得不推迟。【解答】分析句子,the outing had to be put off为主句,It _ heavily为独立主格结构,设空处应用非谓语动词,it和rain之间为主动关
33、系,应用raining。故选:C。【点评】做题时分析句子,结合句意和选项做出判断。8It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.()AisBto beCbeingDbeen【分析】天气这么热,我们最好去游泳。【解答】分析句子可知,该空处部分在句子中作状语,表原因,是独立主格结构,动词be与逻辑主语It是主谓关系,所以用现在分词。故选:C。【点评】熟练掌握非谓语动词的用法。9He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of_published in the 1990s()AwhomBthemCwhichDthat【分析】他写
34、了很多儿童书籍,几乎有一半都是在20世纪90年代出版的【解答】答案:B分析句子结构可知,He wrote many childrens books为句子的主句部分,而句子中间只有一个标点逗号,没有任何连词,而后一句中只有主语nearly half of和过去分词published,所以可知应该使用独立主格结构;故选B本句易误选C项,把第二句话看作是非限制性定语从句,但这样的话句子的谓语部分是不完整的,书籍应该是被出版,故可排除故选:B。【点评】独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系这种结构与主句不发生
35、句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词10_,well go camping this weekend()AWeather permittingBIf weather is permittedCWeather permitsDWeather permitted【分析】如果天气允许的话,我们本周末将去野营【解答】答案:A分析句子结构可知,逗号之后为主句,逗号之前为独立主格结构,主句的主语为we而分词的逻辑主语为Weather,逻辑主语与permit之间为主动关系,因此独立主格结构Weather
36、permitting作状语,相当于状语从句If weather permits,因此A项符合语境,故选A【点评】本题考查独立主格结构独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在独立主格结构的基本结构是:名词或主格词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、名词、介词短语、副词两部分之间没有连接词连接独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开11_, your article is of greater value than his()AAll things consideredBAll things consideringCAll things are consideredDAll things ar
37、e considering【分析】综合考虑,你的文章比他的更有价值【解答】分析句子及选项可知,All things 与动词 consider之间为被动关系,排除B和D两项;C项是完整的句子,与后面句子之间缺少连接词,故排除;A项为独立主格结构,其结构为:名词+过去分词,在句子中作条件状语,符合语境故选:A【点评】本题考查独立主格结构在解题中,应先分析句子结构,熟记独立主格结构的构成及在句子中的作用,结合语境给出正确选择12There _ no buses, we had to take a taxi()AbeingBwasCisDwere【分析】由于没有公共汽车,我们只好乘出租车【解答】句子之
38、间有逗号隔开,中间没有任何连接词,逗号后面是完整的句子,所以句中含有独立主格结构 there be句型中的动词是be动词,不能有被动式, 所以用现在分词故选:A【点评】独立主格结构由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(动名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系独立主格结构在句中作状语,多用于书面语 独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等13John said, _, we went for a swim()ABeing hotBIt being hotCAs it is hotDI
39、t was hot【分析】约翰说到:天太热了,我们去游了泳【解答】答案:B考查独立主格结构作状语和时态主句和空格处的主语不一致,不能说我们是热的,因此不能直接用现在分词作状语,A项错误;C项语法上是正确的,但是时态错误;D项缺少连词,因为两个句子之间要用连词连接,所以D项错误;B项中it指代天气,与being hot构成独立结构,在句子作状语故选:B【点评】考查独立主格结构做题时我们有时可以用排除法,结合考虑时态、逻辑主语和连词等这些方面,最终选出正确答案14The college announced the students exchange program, most of _ stude
40、nts having submitted their application forms()AthemBwhichCwhoseDits【分析】学院宣布了学生交流计划,大部分学生都提交了申请表【解答】本题考查独立主格结构根据句意和结构可知两句话之间是逗号,但是没有连词,而且逗号后面用了非谓语动词having submitted,属于独立主格结构用形容词性物主代词its,不能用关系代词故选:D【点评】本题考查独立主格结构,两句话被逗号隔开,没有连词,用逻辑主语+非谓语动词构成,在句中作状语15In Alice Munros novel, Carla, trapped in a bad marria
41、ge, , decides to flee()Aher unhappiness being built into desperationBher unhappiness has built into desperationCher unhappiness builds into desperationDher unhappiness building into desperation【分析】在艾丽丝蒙罗的小说里,卡拉陷入了一段糟糕的婚姻中,她的不幸被建立在绝望之中,她决定逃离【解答】本题考查独立主格结构根据句意和结构可知两句话有逗号隔开,用独立主格结构,her unhappiness和buil
42、d是被动关系,用现在分词的被动式故选:A【点评】1独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在2名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系3独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开16 Hey, Jenny, my online carhailing service is unavailable Could you reserve a car for tomorrow? Sorry, the upgrade_, my phone has been brickedits stuck in emergency mode and wont start up()Anot to com
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