2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 Environmental Protection Period 1素养检测（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第三册.doc

1、Unit 3 Environmental Protection课时素养检测 九Unit 3Period 1. 阅读理解A(2020桂林高二检测)A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because th

2、ey can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the

3、world. In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources: land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide in the air comes from

4、burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting la

5、rge sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the worlds wood supply. Rainforests are often called the worlds drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of rainfore

6、st plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the worlds shrinking(萎缩的) rainforests. 【语篇概述】本文讲述了热带雨林在人类生活中的重要作用, 号召大家保护雨林, 不要乱砍滥伐。1. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they _. A. reflect more heat

7、into the atmosphereB. bring about high rainfall throughout the worldC. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16D. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adj

8、ust the climate. . . all over the world. 可知选D项。2. What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to? A. We will lose much more than we can gain. B. Humans have begun destroying rainforests. C. People have a strong desire for resources. D. Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rai

9、nforests. 【解析】选A。 代词指代题。根据第二段最后一句People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. 可知, 人们这样做会得不偿失的。故下一段的画线单词指的是“我们会失去更多”。故选A项。3. What can be inferred from the text? A. We can get enough resources without rainforests. B. There

10、 is great medicine potential in rainforests. C. We will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land. D. The level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns. 【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据第四段More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. . . It is extremely likely that our best chance

11、 to cure diseases lies somewhere in the worlds shrinking rainforests. 可知, 热带雨林里有很多药用植物可供我们开发利用。故选B项。4. What might be the best title for the text? A. How to Save RainforestsB. How to Protect NatureC. Rainforests and the EnvironmentD. Rainforests and Medical Development【解析】选C。标题归纳题。本文在第一段就点出了主题: 热带雨林对

12、环境的影响很大, 下文介绍了具体的情况。故选C项。B(2020宜宾高二检测) Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly. A few million years ago, the largest whales averaged about 15 feet long. Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale, the toothless baleen whale(须鲸) became huge. Mod

13、ern blue whales get as big as 100 feet. Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum said, “Why is that? ”“It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye, which makes it harder to figure out what happened, ” said Graham Slater, lead author of the study. Their study has suggested an a

14、nswer: Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales. The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales, which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales. Using computer simulations(模拟) and

15、knowledge about how evolution works, they concluded that when the size changes started, the poles got colder, ice expanded and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted. Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator(赤道) and then eventually moved bac

16、k up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat. Baleen whales which have no teeth feed by eating huge amounts of fish they capture. Toothed whales, like sperm whales(抹香鲸), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly spread out didnt affect them as much. But ba

17、leen whales hunt schools of fish. Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences calls it “a really convincing situation”. But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue. As oceans warm from man-made climate change, the seas will be more like it was when the

18、whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving. 【语篇概述】本文为说明文, 以鲸鱼为例分析了一些海洋动物生长变快、体积变大的原因, 指出气候变化引起海洋变化, 全球变暖导致部分鲸鱼面临生存困难的问题。5. What does the underlined sentence mean in Para. 3? A. The change of baleen whales happened too quickly. B. The change of baleen whales was too diffic

19、ult to explore. C. Researchers paid little attention to the change of baleen whales. D. Researchers thought the change of baleen whales was unimportant. 【解析】选A。句意理解题。根据下文中的which makes it harder to figure out what happened可推知, 画线句子指这种变化在进化的过程中只是匆匆一瞥, 形容其速度之快, 故选A项。6. What played the key role in balee

20、n whales becoming huge? A. Man-made climate change. B. The water circulation in the oceans. C. Their eating a huge amount of fish. D. The increase of food supply for whales. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句、第四段最后一句及第五段最后一句可知, 由于海水流向和鲸鱼食物来源的变化, 须鲸能捕获到更多鱼群, 随着食物增多, 其体积变大, 故选D项。7. What do we know about sperm wha

21、les and blue whales according to the passage? A. Sperm whales eat more food. B. Blue whales live much longer. C. Blue whales usually swallow schools of fish. D. Sperm whales prefer to hunt schools of fish. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知, 蓝鲸属于须鲸; 又根据第五段最后一句可知, 须鲸能捕获鱼群, 由此可推知, 蓝鲸也能捕获鱼群, 故选C项。8. What can we i

22、nfer from the last paragraph? A. There are no whale fossils now. B. The whales may become even bigger. C. Olivier Lambert thinks the study is perfect. D. Global warming has threatened the whales. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知, 气候变暖引起海洋变化, 造成鲸鱼将面临生存困难的状况, 故选D项。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为

23、多余选项。Recycle everything, especially paper! There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester. 1We know that these things cant be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus. Buy green. 2 Paper, cleaning products and

24、 water are products that can be bought as recycled goods. Theyre slightly more expensive than the normal products, but its worth it to make a green campus. Walk and bike to school. Most campuses, especially those that are trying to become an eco-friendlier campus, have pretty good public transit. 3

25、Walking or biking will help make your campus a green university. 4 A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drunk in class or while riding a bike. This will save the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus. Buy used clothing. It is usually t

26、hought of as something to do to save money. 5Recycling clothes minimize the use of resources to make clothing. A. Carry a water bottle. B. Dont use plastic bottles to drink water. C. Buy recycled goods as much as possible. D. It is also good for the environment! E. On top of that, almost all univers

27、ities are pedestrian(行人) friendly. F. It includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on. G. Universities call on all the students to learn to recycle all the waste paper. 【语篇概述】本文就如何低碳生活提出了几点建议。1. 【解析】选F。本题所在段落的主题句是小标题 “Recycle everything, especially paper! ”, 据此可知, 本段叙述的是纸的循环利用, 且空

28、格处应承接上句, 故答案为F。 2. 【解析】选C。 根据下文“ Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be bought as recycled goods. ”中的关键词recycled goods可知答案为C。 3. 【解析】选E。根据本部分的小标题“ Walk or bike to school. ”可知, 本段叙述的是学生的出行方式。只有E选项讲述的是此方面内容, 故答案为E。 4. 【解析】选A。本空所在位置决定了答案应该是个小标题, 能够概括本部分内容。根据首句“A water bottle can be

29、 refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drunk in class or while riding a bike. ”可知, 本段叙述的是水瓶的问题, A选项能够概括本段内容, 故答案为A。5. 【解析】选D。D选项中的It指代的是“buy used clothing”, 且also good for the environment与上文 something to do to save money呼应。【素养培优】【话题小写作】假如你是李华, 是某中学生英语报的小记者, 你和你的同学一起就环境污染的原因做了调查, 请你根据调查结果用

30、英语写一篇文章, 并在文中提出保护环境的建议。环境污染的原因如下: 1. 汽车排放废气; 2. 工厂燃烧各种燃料; 3. 人类过度消耗各种资源。注意: 1. 词数80个左右。开头已经给出, 不计入总词数; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Recently my classmates and I have made a survey about the reasons for environmental pollution. _【参考范文】Recently my classmates and I have made a survey about the reasons for envir

31、onmental pollution. There are three main reasons for the pollution. First of all, more and more people buy cars, which give off a great deal of waste gas. Second, a lot of fuel like coal, petrol and natural gas is consumed in factories, which produces too much carbon dioxide. In addition, large quan

32、tities of resources including water and electricity are overused by humans. Immediate action should be taken now. We should turn off the lights when leaving the rooms, turn off the tap in time and use things that can be recycled. Wed better walk or cycle instead of driving a car. What we do every da

33、y will surely make a difference to our environment. 阅读理解Were often reminded of the importance of preserving the planet as we see it for future generationsand children at St Oswalds CE Primary School Chester certainly agree. Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the schools Hummingbirds class thinks adu

34、lts need to take note. “Sometimes they can be busy and I dont think they think they can make a difference, but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up, ” she tells HuffPost UK. “We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and the things like plastic bags that are polluting them, ” she

35、 says. “Fish can eat the plastic and they can die, or we might even eat the fish ourselves. ”Mr Timms, Isobels teacher, has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly. The entire Hummingbirds c

36、lass, which is made up of 9-and 10-year-old pupils, has been busy writing poems and creating online video adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife. Mr Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how to take care of the things around us. “W

37、e sometimes overlook how much we can really learn from children, ” he says. “It has been really hard to believe having parents come in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic, and to recycle more, and even stopping them using plastic straws. ”Mr Timms is proud of his H

38、ummingbirds class. “The message that they would like to send to world is simple: stopping this isnt someone elses job, and it wont be OK if we just leave it. ”【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目。该班由九岁和十岁的学生组成, 他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告来提醒成年人注意环保问题。1. What can we infer about adults according to Isobel Kell

39、eher? A. They just pretend to be busy. B. They havent done their part well. C. They can do nothing to stop pollution. D. They have started to care about the ocean. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段“Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the schools Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note. ”可知学校“蜂鸟班”里九岁的伊泽贝尔

40、认为成年人需要注意环保问题。据此可推知, 成年人在环保问题上没有做得很好, 故B项正确。2. What is the purpose of the school project? A. To help adults to learn more about their kids. B. To remind adults to be friendly to the environment. C. To persuade students to stop using plastic bags. D. To teach students how to write poems creatively. 【

41、解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知, 整个“蜂鸟班”由九岁和十岁的学生组成, 他们一直忙着写诗和制作在线视频广告, 提醒成年人海洋和野生动物的恶劣处境。据此可知, 该项目旨在提醒成年人要注意环保问题, 故B项正确。3. Why does Mr Timms mention parents in Paragraph 4? A. To prove kids are creative in teaching. B. To attract people to support his work. C. To have adults care about education. D. To sho

42、w the effects of the project. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段第三句可知, 真的很难相信有父母说他们的孩子们要求他们停止使用塑料, 并多循环使用, 甚至要求他们停止使用塑料吸管。据此可推知, 该段提及父母旨在说明该项目对成年人的影响, 故D项正确。4. What is the text mainly about? A. An inspiring school project. B. An appeal to stop using plastic bags. C. Serious situations of our planet. D. Adults ignorance of the environment. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章第三段第一句中“. . . a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly. ”为全文的主题句。结合全文内容可知, 本文主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目, 旨在提醒成年人注意环保问题。故A项正确。