创新设计-学业水平考试2016-2017高中英语必修四（浙江专用 人教版）课件：UNIT 5《SECTION THREE GRAMMAR》1 .ppt

1、Unit 5 Theme parksGrammar同位语从句What kind of noun clauses are they?v 1.What it was to become was a mystery.v 2.I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.v 3.His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.v 4.The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句brainstormi

2、ng(2m)vnoun clauses名词性从句subjective clause主语从句objective clause宾语从句predicative clause表语从句appositive clause同位语从句appositive clause 同位语从句v The appositive clause is a clause used as an appositive.The clause is an explanation to the noun before.v 同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact,truth,news,message,order

3、,hope,belief,idea,thought,opinion,promise,wish,answer,reply,report,remark,ability,patience,anxiety,decision,suggestion,advice,doubt,question,problem等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。Find out the appositive clause from the reading text.v The thought that they could cross the whole continen

4、t was exciting.v Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometers from coast to coast.v The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.practice(3m)The news _exited the Chinese people

5、.that Liu Xiang won the 110 hurdleThe news_exited the Chinese people.that Beijing would host the 2008 Olympic Gamesthat typhoon Saomei hit Cangnan桑美v The fact_made people worried.that the typhoon Sangmei hit Cangnanv The fact_made people worried.that the prices of houses are always increasingv同位语从句一

6、般跟在某些名词之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词,引导同位语从句的连词常用that.vThe news that our team has won the match is true.v我们队赢了的消息是真的。v The mother made a promise that she would buy the son a computer.v 妈妈许诺要给儿子买一台电脑。vI had no idea that you were here.v我不知道你在这里。v 引导同位语的词还有whether,how，when，where等。He often asks his girlfriend a quest

7、ion whether she loves him.I have no idea where he has gone.v 我不知道他去了哪里。I have no idea what he did.v 我不知道他做了什么。总结：在have no idea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。1.The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all.A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what B.that C.why D.when 3

8、.I have no idea _ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./4.Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 5.The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that 6.He often asked me the question _ the work was w

9、orth doing.A.whether B.where C.that D.when 同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别v（1）从先行词看同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例如：They were delighted at the news that their team had won.The news was that their team had won.v(2)从引导词来看引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分主语或宾语，有具体词

10、意，作宾语时还可以省略。The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.v(3)同位语从句的简易判断方法同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的同位语关系。所以，可以在名词和从句之间加系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则原句为同位语从句；定语从句是不能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some c

11、ountries.The belief is that the earth is flat.两种从句的本质的不同:定语从句是形容词性的，它的功能是修饰先行词，描述它的性质或特征同位语从句是名词性的，它的功能是对所说明的词语作进一步的补充性的解释试比较：The news that we heard spread all over the school campus.(定语从句）The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the school campus.（同位语从句）Exercises:1.Theres a feeling i

12、n me_well never know what a UFO isnot ever.A.that B.which C.of which D.what.答案解析：that well never know what a UFO is not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling 的具体内容的。that 在从句中不做任何成分。2.Is this the hospital _he worked ten years ago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.the one答案解析:此处是where引导的定语从句,先行词the hospital 是表示地点的,所以用关系

13、副词where引导,并且在定语从句中作地点状语.3.A story goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen.A.whenBwhichC.whatD.that答案解析:that引导的是同位语从句,和story构成同位关系.在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,也不能省略.4.His success was because of _he had been working hard.A.thatB.the fact which C.the fa

14、ct that D.the fact答案解析:the fact 作because of 的宾语,that 引导的是同位语从句.用来说明fact 的具体内容.不在从句中作任何成分,也不能省略.5.Tom came to the conclusion_by a computer.A.that not all things can be done.B.because of not all things be done.C.being not all things can be doneD.because not all things can be done答案解析:conclusion 后面应跟一个

15、由that 引导的同位语从句,故选择项A 为答案项.6.We are living in an age _many things are done on computer.A.whichB.that.C.whoseD.when7.I work in a business_almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A.howB.whichC.whereD.that答案解析:定语从句不能用how引导,且从句的主谓宾成分完整,故可排除B和D选项.Finish exercise 2 on page 37v 1.The possibility that

16、the weather in winter would be warmer pleased the Canadians.v 2.The idea that there will be an earthquake terrifies many people.v 3.The hope that we could go to France was exciting.v 4.The fact that more and more people settle down in Canada surprises me.v 5.The belief that the world is flat is not

17、scientific.Exercises(5 minutes)1.His suggestion that we should take the train from the west to east across Canada sounds very exciting.2.The idea that they would clone the first human being surprised many people at the meeting.3.He broke the rule that no one is allowed to smoke on the campus.4.The C

18、hinese basketball fans were wild with joy when they heard the news that Yao Ming had collected forty points for the Houston Rockets in the game.Exercises(5 minutes)Finish exercise 1 on page 715.Mary left a message with me for you that she wont be able to see you off this afternoon.6.There is no doub

19、t that he is the right person for this job.7.In the letter he expressed the hope that he would come and visit China again.8.The captain gave the order that all the soldiers had to reach the village before dawn.9.Not everyone present agrees to his thought that it is impossible to finish the work before the end of his month.