2022版新高考英语一轮总复习学案：必修1　UNIT 5　NELSON MANDELA—A MODERN HERO WORD版含答案.doc

1、必修1Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero重点单词分类识记单词核心单词记全记牢用准用活1.quality n.质量；品质；性质2beg vi. 请求；乞求3stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期4opinion n. 意见；看法；主张5reward n. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏6found vt. 建立；建设7attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击8escape vi.& vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开9vote vt.& vi. 投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决10youth n. 青年；青年时期11sentence vt. 判决；宣判12president n.

2、总统；会长；校长；行长13generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的14warmhearted adj. 热心肠的15mankind n. 人类 品句填词1There is no denying that China is playing an important role on the international political stage(舞台).2Thanks to your generous(慷慨的)help，I do believe that I will have a better understanding of your country and culture.3Thank

3、s to these effective measures，the air quality(质量)in the city has improved over the past two months.4They managed to escape(逃脱)from the burning building by breaking down the door.5Little John hardly got anything in reward(报答)for his kind act，which made him unhappy.6We may have different opinions(opin

4、ion)in organizing class activities，so we have to discuss them face to face.拓展单词1.guidance n指导；领导guide vt.指导2violence n暴力；暴行violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的3cruelty n残忍；残酷cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的4equal adj.相等的；平等的equally adv.平等地equality n平等5active adj.积极的；活跃的actively adv.积极地；活跃地activity n活动6devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于devoti

5、on n奉献；献身；忠诚devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的7educate vt.教育；训练educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育educator n教育者8peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的peace n和平；平静；和睦peacefully adv.和平地；平静地9self n自我；自身selfish adj.自私的selfless adj.无私的；忘我的selflessly adv.无私地；忘我地10legal adj.法律的；依照法律的illegal adj.(反义词)非法的11unfair adj.不公正的；不公平的fair adj.

6、公正的；公平的12willing adj.乐意的；自愿的unwilling adj.(反义词)不情愿的13hopeful adj.有希望的，怀有希望的hope vi.希望；期待 vt.希望，期望hopeless adj.绝望的hopefully adv.有希望地 用所给词的适当形式填空1(2020浙江卷满分作文)Under your expert guidance(guide)，we have had a better command of English than before and have achieved satisfactory results in recent examinat

7、ions.2(2020全国卷)And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully(hope)presents.3The old couple，accustomed to country life，were unwilling(willing)to move to the city to live with their son.4In order to give her a good education，her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated(

8、educate)5Bethune，a devoted friend of Chinese，devoted his life to helping Chinese.I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)6All men are born equal，so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)7He criticized violently that the government did little t

9、o stop the violence in the country.(violent)8China is known to be a peaceful country.Its been a model of peace in the world.(peace)阅读单词1.mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 2invader n. 侵略者 3republic n. 共和国；共和政体 4principle n. 法则；原则；原理 5relative n. 亲戚；亲属 6.easygoing adj.随和的；温和宽容的 7lawyer n. 律师 8fee n. 费(会费、学费等)；酬金9

10、quote n. 引用语；语录 10release vt. 释放；发行 11.blanket n.毛毯；毯子 12terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐 怖时期；恐怖活动13principle n. 法则；原则；原理 14league n. 同盟；联盟；联合会 15antiblack adj. 反黑人的 单元主题语块背诵1make great achievements in many fields在许多领域取得很大成就2a great Chinese woman scientist 一位伟大的中国女科学家3work until midnight 工作到深夜4be generous with 对

11、慷慨5give up a rich life 放弃富有的生活6achieve ones dream 实现梦想7put ones heart and soul into the work 全身心地投入到工作中去8lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活9make great contributions to 对做出巨大贡献10devote ones life to teaching in rural areas 献身乡村教育事业11national heroes 民族英雄12a leading figure 一位领军人物13the founder of. 的创始人14be awarde

12、d the title of 被授予的称号15have a good reputation 享有盛誉16set a good example to sb. 为某人树立好榜样devote vt.献身；专心于单句语法填空(2019浙江卷6月应用文写作)I still remember what you have devoted to improving(improve)my oral English and writing skills.(2020全国卷满分作文)Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible a

13、nd devoted(devote)to his job.We have learned a great deal from her devotion(devote)to her work and her willingness to help others.一句多译他致力于社区活动，被周围的人赞美。(devote)He devoted_himself_to community activities and was praised by the people around.Devoting_himself_to community activities，he was praised by th

14、e people around.(现在分词作状语)Devoted_to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(过去分词作状语)(1)devote.to.把奉献给；专注于devote oneself to 致力于；献身于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的be devoted to 专心于；致力于(3)devotion n. 奉献；献身；忠 She devoted all her life to carrying out the research on the Dream of Red Mansion，whi

15、ch is a master piece of classical Chinese literature.她一生致力于红楼梦的研究，该书是中国传统文学的代表作。devote.to.中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。equal v等于；抵得上 adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的 n同等的人；相等的物单句语法填空In my opinion，he is equal to accomplishing(accomplish)the tough task，for no one equals(equal)him.In other words，he is without equal.(2019全国

16、卷)Your personal circumstances are equally(equal)important.一句多译我可以作为一名志愿者，带领参观者参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。(2019全国卷满分作文)I can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I am convinced that I_am_equal_to_the_jobI can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I hold th

17、e firm belief that I_am_fit_for/qualified_for_the_job(1)be equal to(doing)sth.等于/胜任(做)某事A equal(s)B in. A在方面比得上B/与B相匹敌have no equal 无人可比，无可匹敌(2)equality n. 平等equally adv. 相等地；同等 You should be positive and cheerful，for your mental health is equal to your physical health.你应该积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。表

18、示“胜任”的其他常见表达：be up tobe fit forbe qualified forescape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；被遗忘 n逃跑；逃走单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义It is said that he narrowly escaped being_killed(kill)in the traffic accident the other day.Compared with the escaped(escape)driver，I am proud of what I did.It was owing to my ignorance that his name esca

19、ped me.被遗忘 补全句子/句式升级The woman managed to escape_from_the_fire(逃离火灾)with her baby.She was extremely terrified and exhausted.The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby，extremely_terrified_and_exhausted(形容词作状语)(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escape from 从逃脱；逃避escape ones attention/notice 逃过某人的

20、注意(2)fire escape 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生(3)escaped adj. 逃跑了 Last year I had a narrow escape，so I dont want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。“不一样的”忘记，遗忘：(1)sth.escapes(s)sb.某人遗忘某事(2)sb.forget(s)sth. 某人忘记某事reward n报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏单句语法填空Everyone who reached the top of Mou

21、nt Tai was_rewarded(reward)with a beautiful view. (2020全国卷满分作文)Every one of us considered the picking both meaningful and rewarding(reward).一句多译我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。Im more than willing to show you around Beijing as_a_reward_for_your_generous_help(reward n)Im more than willing to show you around Bei

22、jing in_reward_for_your_generous_help(reward n)Im more than willing to show you around Beijing to_reward_you_for_your_generous_help(reward vt.)(1)as a reward for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏in reward for 为酬谢；作为奖励(2)reward sb. with.for sth. 因为某事而用酬谢某人(3)rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意义 You mentioned that you could teach m

23、e English as a reward，which is exactly what I want.你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。Chinese cultural values reward those who promote harmonious exchange.中国的文化准则奖励那些促进和睦交流的人。单词三维练用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换1(2020全国卷)As I grew older and became a mother，the library took on a new place and an added meaning(mean)in my

24、life.2(2019全国卷)We are confident that we can win this competition.But we sincerely hope you will give us your guidance(guide)and encouragement.3(2019江苏卷)At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence(violent)far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.4(2019北京卷)For many

25、students，Wilsons help is not only appreciated，its also entirely necessary for them to be able to complete their college education(educate).5These students think that the football game is an interesting activity(active)，where they can develop not only their health but also their team spirit.6People i

26、n all countries want a peaceful(peace)world rather than one filled with wars.用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化1Founded(found)in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.2Kate was walking in the park when she was_attacked(attack)by an extremely fierce dog and got seriously i

27、njured.3It was in 1918 that the British women got the right to_vote(vote).4His patience was_rewarded(reward)when she received the Nobel Prize eventually.5The cyclist begged(beg)the girl to stay，but she left right away.在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式1Although he made a serious mistake in his work，he was luck

28、y to escape being_fired(fire)by his boss.2He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble，for which I was grateful.3Nowadays many school children devote too much time to playing(play)computer games.4With the speeches finished，we voted to_choose(choose)the monitor.短语和句式语境记忆短语记全记牢用准用活1.out_of_work 失业2as

29、_a_matter_of_fact 事实上3. in_ones_opinion/view 在某人看来4turn_to 求助于；致力于5lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心6come_to_power 当权；上台7set_up 设立；建立8in_trouble 在(危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的)处境中9be_willing_to_do_sth. 愿意做某事10fight_for 为而战11be_sentenced_to 被判处(徒刑)12blow_up 使充气；爆炸 选用左栏短语填空1When the new President came_to_power，he started to reform

30、 to speed up the development of the economy.2Johnson was_sentenced_to ten years in prison for what he had done and he will be 30 years old when he was set free.3We had got to blow_up the bridge so that the enemy wouldnt catch up with us soon.4Mr.Smith became out_of_work，but he didnt tell his family

31、and pretended to go to work every day.5In order to provide a platform for students to practice speaking English，our school has decided to set_up an English club.仿写用活句式 单元句式会写1句式：where引导的定语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词教材：The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，unt

32、il today we have reached a stage where_we_have_almost_no_rights_at_all过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。2句式：this is/was a time when.这是一个的时期教材：However，this_was_a_time_when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。3句式：the first time“第一次”，引导

33、时间状语从句教材：I felt bad the_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。4句式：only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装教材：Only_then_did_we_decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 单元主题佳句背诵人物介绍1After graduation she reached a stage in her life where she needed to decide what to do.毕业后她面临人生中需要决定做什么的处境。

34、2After graduation，he devoted his life to teaching in the rural areas of our country for more than 30 years.毕业后，他献身我们国家乡村教育30多年。3This was a time when women were looked down upon and had no right to receive education.在那个时代，妇女没有权利接受教育，被人瞧不起。4With his wise thoughts about nature and the world，Confucius i

35、s considered as a great thinker in the history of China.孔子以其对自然和世界的睿智思想，被认为是中国历史上一位伟大的思想家。5I admire him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts.我钦佩他，因为他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人，也是最伟大的宇航员之一。in trouble有麻烦；处于困难中单句语法填空If you are in trouble，Mike is always wil

36、ling to lend you a hand.Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers always help us patiently.You cant imagine the trouble I had persuading(persuade)him to change his mind.微写作我英语掌握得很好，因此我在和尊贵的客人进行有效交流时没有任何困难。(2019全国卷满分作文)I have a good command of English.Therefore，I have_no_trouble_in_commu

37、nicating with our distinguished guests efficiently.陷入困境；惹麻烦have trouble(in)doing sth./with sth. 做某事方面有困难/麻烦take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事 As is known to us all，if we are in trouble，it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out.众所周知，如果我们陷入困境，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。turn to求

38、助于；致力于；开始从事；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向写出下列句中turn to的含义(2020新高考山东卷)He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.求助于 After he left university he became a teacher，but later turned to journalism.开始从事 Dont always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word.查阅 Foll

39、ow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.转向 词汇升级However，when it is something beyond my competence，I asked my classmates or teachers for help.However，when it is something beyond my competence，I turned_to my classmates or teachers.turn down关小；拒绝turn away 避开；解雇；不准入内turn up 出现；露面；调大t

40、urn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turn over 打翻；翻身；移交 I couldnt quite believe my luckit turned out no one got badly hurt，but the outcome could have been awful.(2020浙江卷7月)我简直不敢相信我的运气结果没人受重伤，但结果本来可能会很糟糕。Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.汤姆因为太忙，不得不拒绝上周末参加聚会的邀请。句型公式

41、：拟人修辞法；where引导定语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词(教材P34)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。单句语法填空(2018全国卷满分作文)Our school has_witnessed

42、(witness)great changes in the last few years.(2018北京卷书面表达)The tea house witnessed(witness)a really enjoyable time.(2019天津卷)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.句式升级To

43、day，well discuss a number of cases.Beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases.Today，well discuss a number of cases where/in_which_beginners_of_English_fail_to_use_the_language_properly(定语从句)(1)see，witness常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。(2)当先行词是stage，point，case，sit

44、uation，position，job，business，scene等表示抽象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺状语时，常用关系副词where来引导定语从句，相当于in which The last thirty years have witnessed a large number of laws guaranteeing our rights.过去的三十年目睹了许多法律保证我们的权利。Now their peace talks have reached a key stage where one side must give in to the other.现在他们的和平会谈到了一个关键阶段，双方

45、彼此必须相互妥协。句型公式：only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装(教材P34)Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 补全句子Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend_those_days_together_happily(我们才能一起开心地度过那些日子).Only then did_I_realize(我才意识到)how important such a little thing as

46、cleaning the house was.一句多译只有当你来到中国，你才能体验中国的饮食文化。 (2018全国卷满分作文)Only when you come to China can_you_experience_Chinese_food_culture(倒装) It_is_only_when_you_come_to_China_that you can experience Chinese food culture.(强调句型)(1)条件：only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装；(2)结构：only状语助动词/情态动词/系动词be主语其他 On

47、ly when I won the first prize in the spoken English contest did I realize it was important to have a good command of spoken English.(2018浙江卷6月应用文写作)只有当我在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。 only置于句首修饰主语时不用倒装。 句型公式：the first time意为“第一次”，引导时间状语从句(教材P38)I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解

48、时，我的心情很不好。对比填空/补全句子(2020天津卷) For_the_first_time in my life，I actually felt cool.(for the first time/the first time)(2018全国卷满分作文) The_first_time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and other animals.(for the first time/the first time)Every_time_he_arrived_home(每次他回到家)at the

49、 end of the day，wed greet him at the door.I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the_last_time_you_visited_our_school(你上次来我们学校的时候).句型转换He became interested in the young teachers lesson when he attended his class for the first time.He became interested in the young teachers lesson the_fir

50、st_time he attended his class.I still remember that the first time we met at school，you were reading in the classroom.我仍旧记得我们在学校第一次见面时，你正在教室里读书。(1)the first time 表示“第一次”，用作连词，引导时间状语从句；(2)for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。短语句式二维练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1When his relatives and friends turn to him

51、 for help，he is always willing to give them a hand.2Parents should pay attention to the cases where their children have difficulty adapting to new surroundings.3He is a man who is active in social activities，and he is willing to_do(do)public service work now and then.4Mandela was sentenced to five y

52、ears hard labour for encouraging violence against antiblack laws.5The 70th National Day saw(see)the Chinese people watching the grand military parade.They were all very cheerful and proud.1我的确希望你能够和我们一起(去爬山)，因为Green Hill是个放松的好地方，我们肯定玩得十分高兴。I_do_hope_that_you_could_join_us because Green Hill is such

53、a fine place to relax and surely we will have a great time.(强调谓语)2这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有机遇的时期。This_is_a_time_when we Chinese have both a great many challenges and opportunities.3我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。I was very nervous the_first_time_I_gave_a_speech in the meeting hall.4这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。The old temple ha

54、s_seen_great_changes_of_the_village in the past two hundred years.5I realized knowledge is valuable only when I had another failure in my jobseeking.Only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_jobseeking_did_I_realize_knowledge_is_valuable.(倒装句)It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_jobseeking_that_

55、I_realized_knowledge_is_valuable.(强调句型)维度1生词生义1(2020全国卷)In order to release the pressure，I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend.vt.释放 2(2019北京卷阅读B)Although she founded her company early on in life，she wasnt driven primarily by profit.vt.创办 3(2019江苏卷任务型阅

56、读)The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head.adv.相对地 维度2熟词生义1(2020全国卷阅读D)Sponsor book fairs.n.展销会 2(2019全国卷阅读C)A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She ret

57、urns to work feeling energized.n.休息；解脱 3Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.vt.等于；抵得上 用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文(2020全国卷)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：人物简介；尊敬和爱戴的原因。There are many respectable people around us.And the person I respect most is Li Lanjuan，a Chin

58、ese woman scientist in the field of medicine.1The_first_time_I_heard_of_her(第一次听说她时)，I was moved by her devotion to serving people heart and soul.When COVID19 attacked WuHan，neither its cause nor cure was understood，so people in Wuhan 2.were_in_great_trouble(处境危险).Only when Li Lanjuan and many medic

59、al rescue team arrived 3.was_the_terrible_disease_defeated(可怕的疾病被打败).As a matter of fact，her contributions to the medicine field 4.have_no_equal(无与伦比).Its 5.her_devotion_and_the_sense_of_responsibility(奉献精神和责任感)that make me admire her.Having set a great example to us，she fully deserves my respect.In my opinion，nothing could reward her contributions to science.友情提示每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(五)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！ 17