2022版新高考英语一轮总复习学案：必修5　UNIT 1　GREAT SCIENTISTS WORD版含答案.doc

1、必修5Unit 1Great scientists重点单词分类识记单词核心单词记全记牢用准用活1.defeatvt.&n.打败；战胜；使受挫；失败2expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n. 专家；行家3attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加4expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光5cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗6absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心7suspect vt. 认为；怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的9foresee vt. 预见；预知10blame vt.&n. 责备；谴责；过失；责备11handle

2、n&vt. 柄；把手；处理；操纵12link vt.& n. 连接；联系 品句填词1(2020天津卷)She was curious about how the experts(专家)did it.2The Womens Volleyball Team defeated(打败)its opponent and won another World Champion last year.3Mr.Yang handled(处理)the situation very perfectly and was highly thought of by the President.4Researchers fi

3、nd cures(治愈)for certain diseases often by using the forests plants and animals.5Suspecting(suspect)the traveler of carrying drugs，the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.6Children，when exposed(expose)to an Englishspeaking atmosphere，will pick up the language much more easily.拓

4、展单词1.conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束2challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.具有挑战性的3announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音员；广播员4instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n指导；指示；用法说明instructive adj.指示性的；有教育意义的5construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物6contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n捐献；贡献

5、7cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的caution n小心；谨慎cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地8responsibility n责任；负责responsible adj.有责任的；负责的9scientific adj.科学的science 科学scientist n科学家10certainty n确信；确实certain adj.确实的；肯定的certainly adv.确定；肯定11universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地12paint v绘画；涂painter n画家；油漆匠painting n油画；

6、水彩画 用所给词的适当形式填空1(2020天津卷)This led Jones to the conclusion(conclude)that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community，who are easy targets of cheating.2(2020全国卷)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific(science)research.3John was having lunch when

7、 he heard the announcement(announce)that he had won the first prize in the speech contest.4(2018全国卷语法填空)This switch has decreased pollution(pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.5The great bridge under construction is designed by Chinese engineer

8、s and it will take about a year to construct the large bridge.(construct)6I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challengeLast week I got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging(challenge)7In the class，our teacher often instructs us to improve our reading ability and his ins

9、truction makes a difference in our English learning.(instruct)8The writer personally contributed 5，000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his contributions were gratefully received.(contribute)9Its universally accepted that the universe originated from the big bang.(universe)阅读单词1.characterist

10、ic n特征；特性2radium n. 镭3analyse vt. 分析4physician n. 医生；内科医师5outbreak n. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争) 6.victim n.受害者7enquiry n. 询问8neighbourhood n. 附近；邻近9pump n. 泵；抽水机 vt. (用泵)抽(水) 10firework n. 烟火(燃放) 11.chart n.图表12positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的13reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃14enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的 单元主题语块背诵1receive the Nobe

11、l Peace Prize获得诺贝尔和平奖2face the challenge 面对挑战3in the field of science 在科学领域4get over varieties of difficulties 克服各种各样的困难5play a leading role in 起着带头作用6gather information 收集信息7make further investigation 做进一步调查8find supporting evidence 找到有力的证据9make rapid progress in medical technology在医学科技方面取得快速的进步10m

12、ake a breakthrough 取得突破11carry out scientific experiments 开展科学实验12promote the development of other science 促进其他科学的进步conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出；达成；缔结单句语法填空He concluded his speech with a famous saying “Where there is a will，there is a way”(2019全国卷)When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion(conclude)，

13、Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I drew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude)(1)conclude从中推断出conclude sth. 以结束(2)concl

14、usion n. 结论；结束come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言 In conclusion，we are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.总之，我们为自己骄傲，并且坚信我们可以为一个更美好的世界做更多的事。attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 vi.专心；留意写出下列句中attend的含义I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing

15、to attend to.处理 Devoted to her work，she had no time to attend(on)her children.照顾；护理 (2020新高考山东卷)In Ferghana，he attends a mountain funeral followed by a strange drinking party.参加 词汇/句式升级I cant go out with you tonight because I have an important thing to do.Having_an_important_thing_to_attend_to，I can

16、t go out with you tonight.(分词作状语)With_an_important_thing_to_deal_with，I cant go out with you tonight.(with复合结构)(1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/class 参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/上课(2)attend(on/upon)sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；倾听；专心于；照 Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture，Id like to invite

17、you to attend the exhibition with me.(2017全国卷书面表达)知道您对中国文化感兴趣，我想邀请您与我一起参加展览。“照顾某人”用法：(1)attend on sb. (2)look after sb. (3)take care of sb. (4)watch over sb. expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临单句语法填空We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.(2020浙江卷7月)He exposed(expose)his sharp teeth，gl

18、aring at us as he ran forward.句型转换If you expose yourself to the sunlight for a long time in summer，you will get sunburnt.Exposing_yourself_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time_in_summer，you will get sunburnt.(现在分词作状语)Exposed_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time_in_summer，you will get sunburnt.(过去分词作状语)(1)expo

19、se.to.暴露给；使接触expose oneself to. 使自己暴露于(2)expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事(3)exposed adj. 暴露的；无遮蔽的(be)exposed to. 暴露于/接触 When you come to China，you can be exposed to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.(2018天津卷满分作文)当你来到中国，你可以接触到中国语言和中国文化。在expose.to.以及be exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。absorb v

20、t.吸收；吸引；使专心；使并入；吞并；理解；掌握猜测下列句中absorb的含义Many of these farmers have been absorbed into the urban workforce over recent years.使并入；吞并 (2019全国卷)It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D吸收 (2020新高考山东卷)In fact，most p

21、eople only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.理解 (2019全国卷)So absorbed are these kids in their studies that I just sit back.专心的 句型转换Tom was absorbed in his work，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting. Absorbing_himself_in_his_work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the me

22、eting.(现在分词作状语) Absorbed_in_his_work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(过去分词作状语)(1)absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.into. 把吸收进(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be)absorbed in. 全神贯注于 A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he absorbed himself in his reading.一缕微弱的光线从墙上

23、的小孔中透过来，他专心致志于读书中。常用过去分词作状语的短语：(1)be lost in.陷入；专心致志于(2)be caught in. 被困在(3)be buried in. 埋头于(4)be devoted to. 致力于(5)be occupied in. 忙于(6)be involved in. 专注于blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n过失；责备单句语法填空(2018江苏卷书面表达)Its unwise for us to blame the increase of ratings on high consumption.It was the professor rather

24、 than his assistant that was to_blame(blame)for what had happened in the lab.(2017全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock.句式升级Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network.Blamed_for_the_breakdow

25、n_of_the_school_computer_network，Alice was in low spirits.(分词作状语)blame sb. for(doing)sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame(for) 应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备lay/put the blame on 把归咎于 Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others place.我们应该多交流、 换位思考而不是相互责

26、怪。be to blame中不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助猜测加黑词的含义/单句语法填空(2020天津卷)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.导致 If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.投稿 I am convinced that your p

27、articipation will certainly contribute to our winning(win)the championship in the match.微写作总之，我为自己对传播中国文化做出的巨大贡献感到自豪。(2018北京卷书面表达)In conclusion，I was proud of making_great_contributions_to_spreading_Chinese_culture(1)contribute sth. to.把某物捐献给contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿make a c

28、ontribution/contributions to 对做出贡 Doing small things well contributes to building up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。单词三维练多维度练技能用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换1(2020江苏卷)Wilson received seve

29、ral international awards for his great contributions(contribute).2We were shocked by the announcement(announce)that the amusement park would be closed.3Do remember you must read the instructions(instruct)before taking the medicine.4When asked about his dream，Jack says he wants to be a painter(paint)

30、when he grows up.5Exposed to such a challenging(challenge)task，she couldnt sleep well.用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化1(2020全国卷)“Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be_exposed(expose)to the public because of Italys privacy laws，finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.2(2018全国卷)I quickly lower my

31、self，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged(challenge).3As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer to_handle(handle)the problem.4(2017全国卷)He said the lucky woman will be_announced(announce)on the website and the trip

32、 will be shared online.5He was very glad to see his injured son attended(attend)well by the nurses in the hospital.在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式1He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.2The experts instruct that the data(should)be_analyzed(analyze)in a more systematic meth

33、od.3As far as I know，the nature preserve is still under construction.4The young man suspected of robbing a bank was taken to the police.短语和句式语境记忆短语记全记牢用准用活1.put_forward 提出2expose.to 使显露；暴露3apart_from 除之外；此外4make_sense 讲得通；有意义5draw_a_conclusion 得出结论6link.to. 将和联系/连接起来7be_strict_with. 对严格的8be_to_blame

34、 应受谴责；应负责任9point_of_view 态度；观点；看法10slow_down 减速11lead_to 通向；导致12look_into 调查13contribute_to 导致，有助于 选用左栏短语填空1Doctor Snow suspected that the polluted water was_linked_to the disease，but he didnt find enough evidence.2Up to now，the local government has put_forward a set of ideas to deal with unemployme

35、nt.3At present，the team is looking_into the cause of the forest fire，which caused more than 30 deaths.4We must be_strict_with our students while we should give them love and care as well.5Though David talked about the origins of the universe，I didnt think what he said made_sense6(2018天津卷书面表达)The tra

36、ining schedule，apart_from regular training，includes joining in a variety of activities，such as participating in some national competitions.仿写用活句式 单元句式会写1句式：neither.nor.连接两个并列的句子成分教材：Neither_its_cause_nor_its_cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2句式：every time作连词，引导时间状语从句。教材：So many thousands of

37、 terrified people died every_time_there_was_an_outbreak所以每次爆发(霍乱)时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。3句式：“only状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。教材：Only if you put the sun there did_the_movements_of_the_other_planets_in_the_sky_make_sense只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。4句式：suggest that. 意为“建议”时，谓语动词应该为：shoulddo sth.教材：To prevent t

38、his from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies_be_examined为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。 单元主题佳句背诵伟大的科学家1Only by analyzing the data can we reach reasonable conclusions.只有分析这些数据，我们才能得出合理的结论。2It is science and technology that makes our life more convenient.科技使我们的生

39、活更便捷。3It is because of her outstanding contributions to our country that China is playing a leading role in high speed railways all over the world.正是因为她对我们国家做出的杰出贡献，使中国在全世界的高铁领域占据着领先地位。4In the last decades，advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the pas

40、t.在过去几十年中，医疗技术的进步已使得人们比过去的人们长寿了。put forward提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨用put 短语填空I think he is fit for the position；therefore，Ill put_forward Li Hua as a candidate.First he opened a shop and then he put_up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.Encourage children to put_aside some of their pocket mo

41、ney to buy Christmas presents.一句多译至于你在信中提出的问题，我认为有一个平衡的饮食是一个好主意。As for the problem you_put_forward in your letter，I think it is a good idea to have a balanced diet.As for the problem you_came_up_with in your letter，I think it is a good idea to have a balanced diet.put aside节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away 放好；积蓄p

42、ut off 延期；推迟put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put up with 忍受；容忍put through 接通电话；完成；使经 Before we carried out the plan，various ideas had been put forward by my classmates.(2017北京卷满分作文)在我们实施这项计划之前，同学们提出了不同的想法。“想出，提出”短语：put forward；come up with；come up(被提出)make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通单句语法填空This sentence just doesnt make sen

43、se，no matter how you read it.In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.词汇升级(2017全国卷满分作文)Furthermore，youd better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you understand the poems to be learned.Furthermore，youd better learn the history of

44、 the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you make_sense_of the poems to be learned.(1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装 It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.There is no sense(in)buying th

45、at expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.这些便宜的大衣也一样好，买那件贵的没有意义。句型公式：neither.nor.既不也不(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。单句语法填空(2019全国卷)Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.Not only John and Tom but also their sister，Mary，ta

46、kes(take)great interest in the piano lessons now.句式升级The teacher is not content with the result.The students are not content with the result.Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are_content_with_the_result. (1)neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either.or.不是就是not only.

47、but also. 不仅而且not.but. 不是而是 Kun Ming is a beautiful city，where its neither too hot nor too cold all the year around.昆明是个美丽的地方，一年四季既不冷也不热。句型公式：every time引导时间状语从句(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。补全句子Every_time_I_hear_this_English_

48、song(每次我想起这首英语歌曲)，I cant help thinking of my friend Anna.Be careful! The machine starts the_moment_you_press_the_button(你一按电钮).The_first_time_I_walked_into_the_library(我第一次走进图书馆)，I was greatly impressed by so many books.一句多译他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时，就感兴趣。He became interested in the young teachers lesson the_fi

49、rst_time he attended his class.He became interested in the young teachers lesson when he attended his class for_the_first_time常见的可用作从属连词的名词短语或副词还有：(1)the first time第一次时(the)next time 下次时any time 任何时候the last time 上次时(2)the minute/moment/instant 一就(3)immediately/instantly/directly 一就 I think of the h

50、appy hours we spent together every time I see these photos.每次看到这些照片，我会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。短语句式二维练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Last year，neither the experts nor the physician was(be)enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease.2Not only the students but also the teacher was_instructed(instruct)not to be

51、exposed to the sun for too long last summer.3In conclusion，I owned my success to my parents，who were strict with me when I was young.4The manager is cautious about making predictions for the success of the tourist attraction.1他在全班面前说，只有我们把心放在学习上我们才能取得大的进步。He said before the whole class that only_if_

52、we_put_our_heart_into_our_lessons_could_we_make_great_progress2这场时长3个小时的音乐节将于上午9点开始，你最好来得早一点，以便能有一个不错的欣赏位置。 (2019全国卷满分作文)The 3hour music festival will begin at 9：00 am and youd better come earlier for a good seat so_that_you_can_enjoy_a_better_view3不是你而是那位专家将要出席我们学校举行的典礼。Not you but the expert is_to

53、_attend_the_ceremony to be held in our school.4每当我去看望那些受害者，我都会尽量对他们表现出一种积极的态度。Every_time_I_went_to_visit_the_victims，I tried to show a positive attitude towards them.维度1生词生义1(2020全国卷)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task ea

54、sier for them.n.特征；特性2(2020天津卷)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.n.受害者3(2020全国卷)I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.adj.热情的；热心的维度2熟词生义1(2019江苏卷任务型阅读)Walking upright challenges the human bone structure，and l

55、imits the size of brains.vt.向挑战2(2019全国卷)For Western designers，China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.n.创意3(2016全国卷阅读C)At the events，you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions.adj.专业的用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack想了

56、解著名科学家屠呦呦的相关情况，请你根据以下要求给他写一封回信。姓名屠呦呦国籍中国职业药学家，医学专家，科学家兴趣爱好自幼热衷于传统中药主要经历1.1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波；21951年考入北京大学，主修制药专业；3毕业后一直专心于中医的研究；41972年成功发现并制成了能治疗疟疾的青蒿素；52015年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。注意：词数100左右疟疾：malariaDear Jack，Im more than delighted to give you a brief introduction about Tu Youyou，a fam

57、ous Chinese woman scientist.Born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th 1930，Tu Youyou，a medical expert and scientist 1.was_enthusiastic_about_traditional_Chinese_medicine(对中医很感兴趣)when she was young.In 1951，she was admitted into Beijing University，majoring in making medicine.After graduating f

58、rom the university，she 2.has_been_absorbed_in_scientific_research_of_traditional_Chinese_medicine(专注于中医科学研究).In 1972，she succeeded in discovering and developing Qinghaosu，which could 3.cure_people_of_malaria(治疗疟疾)，a deadly disease at that time.She 4.has_made_great_contributions_in_the_field_of_medicine(在医学领域做出了巨大的贡献)，and she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on October 5th，2015，becoming the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize.Wish you all the best! Yours，Li Hua友情提示每道习题都是一个高考点，每项训练都是对能力的检验，认真对待它们吧！进入“高考提能练(二十一)”，去收获希望，体验成功！本栏目内容以活页形式分册装订！ 13