2022版高中英语人教版（浙江专用）一轮课时提升作业 二 必修1 UNIT 2　ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。二必修1 Unit 2English around the world(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ATaking a shower is relaxing. You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you. But did you know that showering can also benefit your m

2、ind? Research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a psychologist from Yale University interviewed over 3, 000 people around the world. It turned out that nearly two-thirds of the interviewees said they had experienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work. So why d

3、oes a simple shower have such magic power? Science can explain it. Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine(多巴胺), a hormone closely related to our creativity. “People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity of dopamine, ” explained Alice Flaherty, a famous Ameri

4、can neuroscientist. “Taking a warm shower can make us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring Aha! moment to us. ”Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you a break from what you feel you have been stuck with. Especially when you have thought hard all day about a

5、problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories. Compared with sitting in front of a computer, taking a shower is something we do less frequently in our daily life. When showering, we get a fresh experience with the chang

6、e of location, temperature and humidity. “New and unexpected experiences can lead to positive changes in thinking, ” explained Kaufman. “Getting off the couch and jumping in the shower may create a distance and force you to think from a new point of view. ”Showering allows us to enjoy the creative j

7、uices of our minds, but it neednt just be the bathroom where you get your inspiration. For instance, Gertrude Stein, a female American writer and poet, got new ideas by driving around a farm and stopping at different cows until she found the one that most inspired her. So try to create your own way

8、to free your mind. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。洗澡可以让人转移注意力并激发灵感, 但灵感产生的方式并不唯一, 人们要善于找到适合自己的激发灵感的方式。1. According to the article, what changes can showering cause? A. Bringing the terrible moment to us. B. Setting the creative part of the brain free. C. Leading to boredom or tiredness. D. Increasing the level of

9、 dopamine. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone closely related to our creativity. “洗澡可以帮助提高我们的多巴胺水平, 多巴胺是一种与我们的创造力密切相关的激素。”可知洗澡可以提高多巴胺的分泌水平。2. If one has focused on something all day, showering can help _. A. turn ones attention inwardB. draw ones attention

10、 to the outside worldC. make an important breakthroughD. many chemical changes to take place【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段可知, 洗澡可能会让你从你一直坚持的事情中解脱出来。尤其是当你一整天都在为一个问题苦苦思索的时候, 跳进淋浴间可以让你远离外界, 让你专注于自己内心的感受和记忆。由此推断洗澡能让人把注意力转向内心。3. According to Kaufman, why can taking showers make us creative? A. Because taking showers

11、 happens more often. B. Because taking showers can make us acquire a fresh experience, inspiring us. C. Because nothing but taking showers can get our inspiration. D. Because taking showers can help us try something unexpected. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知, 洗澡时, 随着位置、温度和湿度的变化, 我们会获得全新的体验。考夫曼解释说: “新的和意想不到的

12、经历会导致思维的积极变化。”由此可知洗澡能让我们获得全新的体验, 并对我们有积极的影响。4. The example of Gertrude Stein in the last paragraph is used to _. A. encourage readers to find their own ways of getting inspirationB. point out to readers that its hard to get inspirationC. explain how to link inspiration with readers daily livesD. sho

13、w that creativity often comes from strange places【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“洗澡让我们享受大脑的创造力, 但浴室不是你唯一获得灵感的地方。”可知获得灵感的方式很多, 再结合最后一句So try to create your own way to free your mind. “所以努力创造你自己的方式来解放你的思想。”可推断最后一段中Gertrude Stein的例子用来鼓励人们找到适合自己的激发灵感的方式。BIf you were like most children, you probably got upset whe

14、n your mother called you by a brothers or sisters name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less? Probably not. According to the first research to deal with this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive (认知的) error that has to do with how

15、our memories classify and store familiar names. The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition, found that the “wrong” name is not random but is always fished out from the same relationship pond: children, friends, brothers and sisters. The study did not examine the possibi

16、lity of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, “but it does tell us whos in and whos out of the group. ”The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. P

17、hysical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender. The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1, 700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close t

18、o themfamily or friendhad called them by another persons name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and brothers and

19、sisters but hardly ever crossed these boundaries. In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchil

20、dren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。实际研究结果证明叫错名字只是生活中的一个普遍现象。5. How might people of

21、ten feel when they were misnamed? A. Unwanted. B. Unhappy. C. Confused. D. Indifferent. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句: 如果你像多数小孩子一样, 你很可能在你妈妈用你兄弟或姐妹的名字叫你时感到很沮丧。通过got upset可以得知B选项切合文意。6. What did David Rubins research find about misnaming? A. It is related to the way our memories work. B. It is a possible ind

22、icator of a faulty memory. C. It occurs mostly between kids and their friends. D. It often causes misunderstandings among people. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 这项研究发现错误的名字不是随机的, 但总是源自相同的关系网。这里fished out from the same relationship pond表示“源自相同的关系网”, 换句话说就是来自对名字是否属于同一关系网的记忆。故A选项切合文意。7. What did the surveys of

23、more than 1, 700 subjects find about misnaming? A. It more often than not hurts relationships. B. It hardly occurs across gender boundaries. C. It is most frequently found in extended families. D. It most often occurs within a relationship group. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知, 调查发现人们会混淆关系网群组内的名字, 比如孙子、朋友和

24、兄弟姐妹的名字, 但几乎不会超越这些界限。这和选项D. It most often occurs within a relationship group. 它经常出现在一个关系网内, 意思切合。8. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers? A. They suffer more frustrations. B. They become worn out more often. C. They communicate more with their children. D. They generally tak

25、e on more work at home. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知, 妈妈们因为性别的缘故, 也许比父亲更高频率地和她们的孩子交流。这里call on 的意思是“短暂拜访”, 即“短时间交谈”, 换句话说就是和孩子们交流比父亲更多一点, 故选项C. They communicate more with their children. 她们更多地与孩子们沟通交流, 切合文意。. 阅读填句(2021 南京模拟)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Riding bikes should be fun, and in orde

26、r to have the most fun out there, we rounded up the best beginner cycling tips to help you get rolling. 1Experiencing pain in the front of your knee? Your seat might be too low, causing you to under-extend during your pedal stroke. This is a common mistake among beginners because most people feel mo

27、re comfortable and confident if their feet can reach the ground. Get a bike fit2. The seat height should be high enough to give you a very slight bend in your knee when your feet are at the bottom of the pedal stroke, as mentioned above. Proper reach means your arms make a 45-degree angle over the b

28、ike. Too long, and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars. 3. Avoid doing too much too soonOne of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on too much mileage before youre ready. 4. Similarly, if youre on a training ride, dont start too fast and risk burn-out and fatigue i

29、n the second half. Warm up during the first third of the ride, and then settle into a rhythm for the second. Learn how to ride in a groupGroup rides have their own rules for a reason. 5. If its your first time riding with a new group, hang out in the back, observe and ask for help if you need it. No

30、 question is a dumb question when your own safety and the safety of the group is at stake. A. Choose the right bikeB. Set your seat height rightC. Maybe you love riding non-competitively with a groupD. Its easy to cause a crash if your riding isnt predictableE. Too short, and your knees will be too

31、close to your armsF. To get the right fit, two elements are key: seat height and reachG. Build up slowly, ease in, and give your body time to adjust to new distances【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文用明快的语调为自行车初学者提供了与骑行和自行车相关的信息与建议。1. 【解析】选B。设空处为段落标题。根据下文内容“Your seat might be too low”和“if their feet can reach the grou

32、nd”可知, 调节座位高度与骑行有很大关系。故此段的标题应为调节好座位高度。B项: Set your seat height right(把你的座位高度定好)符合语境。故选B。2. 【解析】选F。本段的标题是 Get a bike fit, 下文中出现了“height”和“reach”两个关键词, 并且分别对其进行了相应的解释, 可知同时包含这两个元素的F选项符合语境。故选F。3. 【解析】选E。根据上文“Too long, and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars. ”可知, 后面是对前句进行的补充说明, 补充的是与之相反的

33、情况, 即too short时的情况。E项: Too short, and your knees will be too close to your arms(太短, 你的膝盖会太靠近你的手臂)符合语境。故选E。4. 【解析】选G。本段的标题是 Avoid doing too much too soon, 告诫骑行者不能贪快, 要循序渐进慢慢来。同时参考后文“Similarly, . . . , dont start too fast and risk burn-out and fatigue in the second half. ”可再次佐证。G项: Build up slowly, ea

34、se in, and give your body time to adjust to new distances(慢慢来, 给你的身体时间来适应新的路程)符合语境。故选G。5. 【解析】选D。根据上文“Group rides have their own rules for riding. ”可知如果不按照一定的规则就容易造成混乱, 导致撞车。也可通过后文的“hang out in the back, observe”推断出来。D项: Its easy to cause a crash if your riding isnt predictable(如果你的骑行方式不可预测, 很容易撞车)符

35、合语境。故选D。. 语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of 1. _(share) my enthusiasm for the theater with others. Each play has a theme or central idea 2. _the playwright hopes to get across through dialog

36、ue and action. A few characters 3. _(use) to create a single 4. _(impress) growing out of the theme. However, 5. _variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility (多面性) of the short play, I have included a guid

37、ance play, a radio play and a television play. Among the writers of the 6. _(play) in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions 7. _the theater. 8. _(much) informat

38、ion about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book. 9. _(get) the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim (变暗). The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue 10. _(tell)

39、you the story. 1. 【解析】sharing。考查非谓语动词。介词of后应用动名词作宾语。2. 【解析】which / that。which或that引导定语从句, 从句中缺少get across的宾语, 先行词a theme or central idea指物, 关系代词应用that或者which引导。3. 【解析】are used。考查被动语态。use和主语characters之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态。4. 【解析】impression。考查词性转换。冠词a和形容词single后应用名词。5. 【解析】a。考查冠词。a variety of各种各样的。固定搭配。6. 【

40、解析】plays。考查名词的复数。根据后面的collection可知, 戏剧集里的戏剧不止一部, 应用名词复数。7. 【解析】to。考查介词。contribution后应用介词to。8. 【解析】More。考查比较级。根据语境可知, 更多的关于剧作家的信息可以在书的末尾得知。应用比较级。9. 【解析】To get。考查非谓语动词。不定式表示目的。10. 【解析】will tell。考查时态。由时间状语in a few minutes可知, 应用一般将来时。阅读理解(2021长沙模拟)Fathers have a strong influence on their children. And o

41、ne of the areas in which researchers look for the influence is in the development of language. What begins with gestures and sounds develops into competence with language by around age 3. Fathers are proving to be an important part of this process, as Lynne Vernon-Feagans of the University of North

42、Carolina and her colleagues are finding out. They have done some of the most interesting work looking at childrens language development in both middle-class and poor, rural families. Theyve found, to their surprise, that not only are fathers important for childrens language development, but that fat

43、hers matter more than mothers. For example, they found that fathers use of vocabulary when reading picture books to their children at 6 months of age was significantly related to the childrens expressiveness at 15 months and use of advanced language at age 3. This held true no matter what the mother

44、s educational level was or how she spoke to the children. Vernon-Feagans was surprised by the difference between mothers and fathers. She had thought they would be equally involved in encouraging their childrens language development. Why would fathers be more important in this regard than mothers? M

45、aybe its because mothers are more familiar with their kids, typically spending more time with them than fathers do. That makes mothers more likely to choose words the kids know. Fathers arent as familiar with their kids, so they use a broader vocabulary, and the kids learn new words and concepts as

46、a result. Vernon-Feagans thought there might be another factor at play as well. Because fathers usually spend less time with their kids, they are more of a novelty. That makes them more interesting playmates. “I do think our children see it as very special when they do book reading with their father

47、s, ” she said. “They may listen more and acquire language in a special way. ”The researchers found that wealthier fathers produced a greater rise in their childrens IQs than did similarly active low-income fathers. It might sound discouraging, but it suggests that improving mens educational or finan

48、cial status would bring benefits not only to them but to their children as well. 【文章大意】本文是说明文, 介绍了父亲对孩子的语言的发展影响很大。1. What did Vernon-Feagans and her colleagues find unexpectedly in their research? A. Mothers improper ways to talk to children. B. Fathers important role in childrens language. C. Child

49、rens use of advanced language at age 3. D. Different vocabulary in different families. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中“令他们惊讶的是, 他们发现不仅父亲对儿童语言的发展是重要的, 而且父亲比母亲更重要。” 可确定答案是B。2. What might make mothers a less important role in childrens language development? A. Use of new words. B. Familiarity with words. C. Use of

50、 limited vocabulary. D. Too much time with children. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。 根据第三段可知, 父亲之所以在孩子的语言发展方面起着更重要的作用是因为他们 “use a broader vocabulary”, 而母亲则 “choose words the kids know”。相对父亲, 母亲使用的词汇限制在孩子知道的词汇范围内。3. What does the underlined part“a novelty” in Paragraph 4 indicate? A. Fathers cannot afford the time wit

51、h their kids. B. Kids often complain about their fathers absence. C. It is quite common that fathers stay with their kids. D. It feels new and different for kids to stay with their fathers. 【解析】选D。 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的Because fathers usually spend less time with their kids“因为父亲陪伴孩子的时间通常较少”That makes them m

52、ore interesting playmates“那使他们成为更有趣的玩伴”our children see it as very special“我们的孩子认为它很特别”可推断, 因为父亲通常花更少的时间和他们的孩子在一起, 所以他们更具新颖性, 故画线词与D项意思相近。4. What is the main idea of the text? A. Fathers social status benefits childrens language. B. Parents have different influences on childrens language. C. Childrens language abilities depend on good fathers. D. Fathers contribute more than mothers to childrens language. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。由全文内容可知, 本文说明父亲对儿童语言发展的贡献大于母亲。关闭Word文档返回原板块- 16 - 版权所有高考资源网