2022版高考英语 3-2-1精品系列 专题03 形容词与副词.docx
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1、2022版高考英语 3-2-1精品系列 专题03 形容词与副词(教师版)【考点定位】 2022考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点pk】 名师考点透析考点1 形谷词、副词的比较等级3表示双方相比,一方超过另一方,并强调超出的程度和数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如:even,much,very much,still,any,a lot,a bit,a little,far,yet,by far,a great deal,twice,three times,rather,slightly等,而very,quite,SO,fairly等词不可修饰形容词或副词的比较级A car runs a gre
2、at deal faster than a truck小汽车比卡车快得多。4“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构表示“越越”The more tickets you sell,the more money you will get你卖的票越多,你得到的钱就会越多。5当三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用最高级这种句式中一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语;最高级可被序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,notquite,not really,nothing like等修饰。如:The building being built now is by f
3、ar the highest in the city目前在建的那座大楼是本市最高的大楼。6比较级表示最高级含义(1)比较级+than any other+可数名词单数。如:The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China在中国,长江比其他任何一条河流都长。考点2、 形容词修饰名词的位置1多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词,如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多,则音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后。它们的顺序是:限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)+数词(序
4、数词,基数词)+描绘性形容词(nice,good,interesting,beautiful)+特征形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)+颜色形容词+国籍、出处+物质、材料+用途、类别+中心名词。我们可以用下面的一段顺El溜帮助记忆:限数描、大长高,形状年龄和新老。颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。在实际运用中,很少会同时出现这么多修饰词,但我们必须记住以上规则,此外,还应当多阅读,多体会,以增强语感。如:another three English books另外三本英语书;a beautiful white Chinese military jeep一辆漂亮的白色中国军用吉普车考点3
5、形容词、副词的辨析1形容词主要用来修饰名词,也可修饰something,nothing等不定代词,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。作状语时表示伴随、原因等,或是对主语进行解释,可以看成是“being+形容词”,位于句首、句中或句尾,表示伴随时通常用逗号与其他成分隔开He lay in bed,wide awake他躺在床上,完全清醒着。He went to bed,cold and hungry他上床睡觉,又冷又饿。2副词主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、从句或整个句子。修饰整个句子时,可置于句首、句中或句尾Fortunately,he escaped from the fire他幸运地从
6、大火中逃了出来。特别提示一般说来,形容词+ly构成的是副词,如:deeply,highly,widely等;名词+ly构成的是形容词或名词,如:friendly,brotherly,lovely,weekly,monthly等。4rather,very,quite,fairly的区别(1)rather常用来修饰贬义的形容词或副词,如bad,poor,badly等;faifly常用来修饰褒义的形容词或副词,如nice,well,clever等。如:She is fairly clever,but does rather badly in her lessons她很聪明,但她的功课做得相当差。(2
7、)如果修饰中性的形容词或副词,如easy,fast,thin等,fairly表示肯定的概念,即说话人的态度是赞美的、满意的;而rather表示否定的概念,即说话人是不满意的。如:Ille soup is fairly hot这汤还算热。(表示喜欢热汤)The soup is rather hot这汤太烫了。(表示讨厌太烫的汤)特别提示另外,rather有时与褒义词尤其是表示“好”的词连用时,强调被修饰词的程度,可与fairly,quite互换。如:Your English is rather/fairly/quite good你的英语相当好。高考经常考查形容词的辨析和副词的辨析,所以我们在学习
8、中要注意近义词的用法差异。以下是常见的几组近义词:alone,lonely;living,alive,live,lively;likely,possible,probable;no more than,not more than;no less than,not less than;too much,much too;no longer,no more;almost,nearly。【三年高考】 10 、11、12高考试题及其解析2022高考英语试题1 (2022湖北卷)25. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, sui
9、ts modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home.A. out of questionB. out of orderC. out of sightD. out of place2.(2022湖北卷)26. “Perhaps we need to send for Dr. Smith to see what we can do about it,” Father suggested _ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the pro
10、blem.A. tentativelyB. thoughtlesslyC. definitelyD. rudely【答案】A【解析】考查副词。根据语意:是指父亲试着向邻居提建议。tentatively表“试验性地;暂时地”,thoughtlessly表“草率地;不体贴地”,definitely表“确定地,肯定地”,rudely表“无礼地,粗鲁地”。3.(2022湖北卷)27.Can you tell the _ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzled by their meani
11、ngs.A. dramaticB. regionalC. apparentD. subtle5.(2022湖南卷)24.Bicycling is good exercise; _, it does not pollute the air.A. nevertheless B. besides C. otherwise D. therefore【答案】B【解析】句意:骑自行车是一种很好的运动,而且,还不污染空气。本题考查连词的用法。连词的选择主要从上下文的逻辑关系出发来考虑。此处,is good exercise和doesnt pollute the air之间应为顺承关系,所以选besides。
12、而nevertheless“然而”表转折关系,otherwise“否则”表选择关系,therefore“因此”表因果关系,故都排除。6 (2022辽宁卷)22. We used to see each other , but I havent head from him since last year.A. especially B. regularly C. particularly D. approximately【答案】B【解析】考查副词。especially “尤其;特别”; regularly “定期地,经常地”; particularly “特别,尤其”; approximatel
13、y “近似地,大约”。句意:我们过去经常见面,但从去年起我就没再收到过他的信。7.(2022山东卷)33. Be _ you cant expect me to finish all this work in so little time.A. reasonableB. confidentC. creative D. grateful8.(2022四川卷)7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.A. only B. also C. even D. still
14、【答案】D【解析】考查副词。根据句意“这个旅馆差不多竣工了,但仍还要一两周才可以接待客人。”选still(仍然,还)。9. (2022四川卷)14. This training program can give you a lift at work, _ increase your income by 40%.A. as well as B. so long as C. so much as D. as soon as【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语。句意:该培训项目能在工作上让你振奋起来,同时也能提高40的收入。As well as“除了以外,也,还”。10.(2022四川卷)16. I ma
15、ke $2,000 a week, 60 surely wont make _ difference to me.A. that a big B. a that big C. big a that D. that big a 11.(2022浙江卷)10. The research lacks _ evidence, and therefore , its conclusions are doubtful. A. solid B. fierce C. severe D. potential【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。根据句意:研究缺乏实证(solid evidence),因此所得出的结论还有
16、待考证。fierce激烈的;severe严重的;potential,有潜力的,均不符合语境,故排除。12.(2022浙江卷)18. Mike was usually so careful, _this time he made a small mistake. A. yet B. .still C. even D. thus【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。根据上文,应该表转折关系,用yet。句意:麦克通常是很小心的,然而(yet)这次他犯了个小错误。still仍旧;even甚至;thus因此,均不符合语境,故排除。13.(2022课标卷)26. The result is not very i
17、mportant to us, but if we do win, then so much .A. the best B. bestC. better D. the better15.(2022大纲卷)13. Next to biology ,I like physics _.A .better B. best C. the better D. very well【答案】B【解析】考查副词的比较等级。隐含着在诸多科目中进行的比较。句意:除了生物,我最喜欢物理。隐含的意思是:在我所学的科目中,我最喜欢生物,其次就是物理。16.(2022北京卷)28. Many people have dona
18、ted that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _.A. some B. less C. much D. more18.(2022天津卷)10.The secretary arranged a(n)_time and space for the applicants to have an interview.A. importantB. spareC. publicD. convenient【答案】D【解析】考查形容词。句意:秘书为申请人参加面试安排了方便的时间和地点。19.(2022安徽卷)23.Interest is as to
19、learning as the ability to understand, even more so.A. vital B. available C. specific D. similar【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。vital极其重要的; available可以利用的;specific特定的,明确的;similar相似的。根据句意“兴趣跟理解能力一样对学习来说同等重要,甚至更为重要”选择A选项。A,关键,至关重要的 B,可利用的 C,具体的 D,相似的。20.(2022安徽卷)34.Queen Elizabeth is often to be richest woman in the w
20、orld. , her personal wealth seems rathersmall.A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether21.(2022福建卷)27. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _respected.A. especiallyB. equallyC. naturallyD. normally【答案】B【解析】考查副词。根据语境“任何人,无论是官员还是公交车司机,都应该受到同等的尊敬。所以选择B项equally“平等地,公平地”;es
21、pecially“尤其地”;naturally“自然地”;normally“正常地”,只有B项符合题意。22.(2022福建卷)32. Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind? Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still _.A. availableB. affordableC. acceptableD. valuable【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。文中说话人刚把书还回图书馆,可能还可以借到。available:可得到的、可借到的;affordable:负担得起
22、的;acceptable:可接受的;valuable:有价值的。2022高考英语试题1.(2022四川卷,12)How are your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant2.(2022陕西卷,17)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one。 A.as three times big a
23、s B. three times as big asC. as big as three times D. as big three times as【答案】B【解析】考查倍数的表达法。句意为“为下一届亚运会而修建的体育馆将会是目前的体育馆三倍大小。”表示倍数的词做修饰语时,放在as的前面,即“倍数 + as + adj + as”, 因此选B。3.(2022湖北卷,23)The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was
24、_,though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady4.(2022湖北卷,24)An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons characters; however, they are not always_,A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial【答案】C【解析】考查形容词的辨义。句意为“不幸的童年可能会对人的性格产生一些消极的影响;然而,这些影响不总是持久的。”practical实际的,实用的
25、;avoidable可避免的;permanent永久的,持久的;beneficial有益的。根据语意,选择C。5.(2022湖北卷,25)The state-run company is required to make its accounts as_ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A. transparent B. reasonable C. secure D. formal【答案】A【解析】考查形容词的辨义。句意为“这家国营企业被要求财务尽可能做到透明,以便公司的员工能对金钱的使用加以监督。”transpare
26、nt透明的;reasonable合理的;secure安全的;formal正式的。根据句意,选A。6.(2022江西卷24)The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting8.(2022浙江卷,9) The professor could tell by the _look i
27、n Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh 【答案】B【解析】考查形容词的辨义。句意为“根据Maria茫然的眼神,这位教授能够看出她对他所讲的内容连一个字也没有听懂。”cold冰冷的;blank空虚的,茫然的;innocent无辜的;fresh新鲜的。根据后面didnt understand,选B。9.(2022浙江卷,13) Ive been writing this report_ for the last two wee
28、ks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly11.(2022全国卷,30) The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than【答案】B【解析】考查副词短语的辨义。句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字。”rather than而不;other than除了,相当于but和except;more than不仅仅;be
29、tter than比多、好。选B。12.(2022全国卷II,12) It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is another to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. much13.(2022全国卷II,17) Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a _ boss.A. better B. good C. best D. still better【答案】A【解析】
30、考查比较级的否定用法。句意为“为Stevenson先生工作真好,我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。”否定词couldnt与better连用,表示“非常好”,等于最高级;still better不能用于否定句中。因此选A。14.(2022上海春招,28)Youd be exposed to a lot _ pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least 【答案】C【解析】考查形容词比较级的用法。句意为“如果我们搬到空气清新、水质纯净的小镇去,我们受到的污染将会少得多。”空格前
31、的a lot修饰比较级more或less,根据后面的语意,选C。15.(2022江苏卷,25) In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _.AspecialBregionalCoptionalDoriginal【答案】C【解析】考查形容词的辨义。句意为“在那所学校,英语是学生的必修课,而法语和俄语是选修课。”special特别的,特意的;regional地区的,地方的;optional可选择的;original原始的,最初的。句中由but进行转折,由此可知法语和俄语不是
32、必修课而是可以选修,所以正确答案为C。16.(2022福建卷,30)Nowedays, there is a increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to drevelop their talents.A.sharp B.slight C.natural D.modest17.(2022安徽卷,31)_, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. Normally C. T
33、hankfully D. Conveniently【答案】C【解析】考查副词的辨义。句意为“庆幸的是,我终于打完了比赛,其中的辛苦没有白费。”hopefully充满希望地;normally正常地;thankfully庆幸地;conveniently方便地。根据句意,选C。2022高考英语试题1.(2022高考英语上海秋季卷,26)It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _ journey.A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a three-hour D. three ho
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2019届人教A版数学必修二同步课后篇巩固探究:2-1-1 平面 WORD版含解析.docx
