2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2CloningSectionⅠWarmingupPre_readingReadingandComprehending练习新人教版选修8.doc

1、Section Warming up, Prereading, Reading and Comprehending. 用所给词的适当形式填空1.The house is_the same as it was 20 years ago.(exact)2.Ive made a few small_in your essay.(correct)3.There are all kinds of shops on the two sides of this_ street.(commerce)4.Long delays in_passports and visas often occur.(obtain

2、)5.Smoking is_in all parts of the building.(forbid)6.Though one of the two brothers is quite_from the other in appearance, there isnt much_between them in character.(differ)7.At the meeting, Marx raised an_to working late at night and he_that most of the workers were too old for the job.(object)8.Th

3、e purpose of education is not only the_of knowledge.And it also means_intelligence as well as abilities.(accumulate)9.He_that he would finish the task on time.(undertake)10.You dont sound too_about the noise outside.(bother)答案1.exactly2.correctionsmercial4.obtaining5.forbidden6.different；difference7

4、.objection；objected8.accumulation；accumulating9.undertook10.bothered. 完成句子1.Thoughts of Chinese_(与不同) westerners in a number of ways.2.I can_(承担责任) for the changes.3.She was_(沮丧) at the news of her aunts death.4.He will set off the day after tomorrow, _(确切地说), on May 26, Tuesday.5.Plain clothes_(适合于

5、) school wear.6.At worst well have to sell the house so as to_(付清，还清) our debts.7.Some managers have_(提出抗议) laying off too many employees.8.The development of science and technology_(对有影响) our daily life.9.Personally, Im_(支持，赞成) the plan though some are strongly against it.10.He is_(禁止) leaving the

6、country for some reasons.答案1.differ from2.undertake the responsibility3.cast down4.to be exact5.are appropriate for6.pay off7.raised an objection to8.has an impact on9.in favour of10.forbidden from. 句型转换1.A.At the beginning, he was against my proposal.However, in the end, he changed his mind.B.At fi

7、rst he_my suggestion, but he at last agreed.2.A.Later they learnt that an earthquake had taken place in that area.B.Then_that that area had been hit by an earthquake.3.A.Did his plan succeed?B.Did his plan_？4.A.The professors spoke out supporting the reform.B.The professors spoke out_the reform.5.A.

8、They dont know if the new policy is in their favour.B.They_the new policy can bring benefit to them.答案1.objected to2.came the news3.pay off4.in favour of5.wonder whether限时30分钟. 阅读理解ABritish scientists have done something that, many people thought, was impossible：They created the first clone of an ad

9、ult mammal.The clone, named Dolly, is a sevenmonthold sheep, grown from a cell of an adult female sheep.What is a clone？A clone is a copya genetic copy.Genes are the instructions for life.They tell a cell what to do and how to do it.Genes make each individual plant or animal different and unique.But

10、 a clone has the same genes as the original organism (生物体).Cloning is not new.Plants have been cloned for centuries.New plants are often grown from cutting from another plant.Also, plants like pineapples, strawberries and carnations (康乃馨) are sometimes cloned.One benefit of cloning is that we can ma

11、ke many copies of the best and healthiest plants.It has been much more difficult to clone animals.Frogs have been cloned, but they died as tadpoles, never living long enough to become adult frogs, which made the scientists despondent.Mice, sheep and cattle have been cloned from embryos.But Dolly is

12、the first healthy clone of an adult mammal.How did they do it?(1)An unfertilized egg was taken from a sheep.(2)The egg nucleus was removed.(3)A cell was taken from the udder (乳房) of a pregnant sheep.It was “starved”， so that it stopped growing.(4)The two cells were combined into one, and then implan

13、ted it in a third sheep, where it grew normally.(5)The clone was born.It was genetically identical to the pregnant sheep.This sounds much easier than it actually was.To end up with one clone, the scientists started with 277 udder cells.And they needed a way to make the egg cell accept a new nucleus.

14、They did that by starving the cell.It may soon be possible to clone many types of animals.Will we also be able to clone human organs, or even whole human beings？We have only begun to think about the morality of cloning technology.Maybe the question to ask is not whether we can clone humans, but inst

15、ead, should we clone humans?1.What can replace the underlined word “despondent” in the fourth paragraph?A.calmed downB.set downC.cut down D.cast down解析词义猜测题。由第四段前两句可推知科学家们很不高兴。cast down“使沮丧；使不愉快”。答案D2.According to the passage we can know that_.A.only plants can be clonedB.only strawberries and carna

16、tions can sometimes be clonedC.animals and plants have quite a long history of cloningD.genes can tell a cell what to do and how to do it during cloning解析细节理解题。由第二段第三、四句可知，D项“基因在克隆过程中可以告诉细胞做什么及如何去做”正确。第三段指植物可以克隆，第四段指动物也可以克隆，所以A项不正确；从文中第三段可知菠萝也是可以克隆的，所以B项不正确；第三段中指植物已有几个世纪的克隆历史，而没有提到动物的克隆历史，所以C项与文意不符。

17、答案D3.From the fourth paragraph we can know that_.A.a tadpole is the early stage of a grownup frogB.a tadpole is a frog without a tailC.a tadpole is a kind of animalD.a tadpole is a clone of an adult mammal解析推理判断题。文章第四段第二句说：人们曾经克隆过青蛙，但在蝌蚪阶段就死了，并没有进入成年青蛙阶段，所以我们可以判断，蝌蚪是青蛙的早期形态。答案A4.Which is the right o

18、rder in the process of the clone of Dolly?a.Taking an unfertilized egg from an adult female sheep.b.Removing the eggs nucleus.c.Combining the two cells into one and then implanting it in a third sheep.d.Taking a cell from the udder of a pregnant sheep.A.a，b，c，d B.c，a，b，dC.a，b，d，c D.d，c，b，a解析细节理解题。根据

19、第四段下面的几个序号顺序可知C为正确选项。答案CBA recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo has caused much debate and has shocked many people around the world.On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissue and organ

20、s that could be used to save human lives.On the other hand, many people, including some scientists, disagree and fear that if mankind interferes (干涉) with nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a reallife Frankensteins monster.Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an an

21、imal using its cells.The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.She was born in 1996 and died in early 2003, at a much younger age than normal.When she was born, many people were angry because they thought cloning would create more diseases in the animal world.

22、However, in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific breakthrough.The Scottish scientist, Ian Wilmut, is shocked that some scientists are now considering cloning human beings.Although he researches cloning, his intention has never been to create copies of humans.Instead, he

23、 thinks research efforts should concentrate on creating new tissue and organs that could eventually be used to cure diseases like cancer.However, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human lives.While cloning human embryos is ille

24、gal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.Severino Antinori, an Italian doctor, is one of the leaders in this kind of research.He has declared that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.In China, scientists have focu

25、sed their efforts on cloning animals, as well as stem cells to be used in medical research.China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats, and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind.5.Which of the following statements about cloning is TRUE according to the passage

26、?A.Cloning technology can only be applied to animals.B.A cloned animal can live longer than a normal one.C.People all over the world are happy about the birth of Dolly.D.Cloning can produce valuable tissue and organs to cure human diseases.解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，通过克隆制造出来的组织和器官可用于治病救人，所以D项正确。答案D6.The rea

27、sons why people are against cloning include the following EXCEPT that_.A.cloning may produce a reallife Frankensteins monsterB.cloning might create more diseases in the animal worldC.cloning cant help those who want to clone their dead childrenD.cloning human embryos shows no respect for human lives

28、解析细节理解题。文章前三段提到人们反对克隆技术的原因包括A、B和D项。文中未提及C项。答案C7.Who is in favour of cloning human beings?A.Ian Wilmut. B.Severino Antinori.C.The author. D.Chinese scientists.解析推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第二、三句可知，Severino Antinori也在从事克隆人的研究，这说明他支持克隆人。答案B8.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A.If we interfere with n

29、ature, we will change the world to be what we want.B.It is impossible to clone babies for women who cannot have babies.C.Cloning human beings is illegal in many countries, so no scientists want to do so.D.Whether cloning human embryos is legal or not remains a matter of debate.解析推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，虽然克隆人

30、类胚胎在很多国家还不被认可，但是有些科学家已经开始了这方面的研究。克隆人类胚胎是否合法现在还是一个存在争议的问题。答案D9.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Dollya brave try of using cloningB.The cloning development in ChinaC.Cloninga perfect copyD.The debate about Dolly解析标题概括题。综合分析全文可知，本文主要介绍了克隆技术。A、B和D项的答案均比较片面。答案C. 阅读填句(七选五)D

31、ear Boris，_1_After I had spent a week with my English family, I slowly began to understand their English a little better._2_Students in my group are from different cities of Britain and their dialects are different too！Some of their accents are quite strong and they also have their own words and exp

32、ressions._3_Before I came to England I had thought that fish and chips were eaten every day.Thats quite wrong！I get rather annoyed now when I hear all the foolish words about typical English food.I had expected to see “London fog”.Do you remember our texts about it？We had no idea that most of this “

33、thick fog” disappeared many years ago when people stopped using coal in their homes.But the idea to speak about weather was very helpful._4_On the other hand, habits are different.People tell me what is typical British here in London is not always typical in Wales or Scotland._5_But what is ordinary

34、 for all British is that they follow traditions (传统).Probably Britain has more living signs of its past than many other countries.And people have always been proud of having ancient (古老的) buildings in capitals, big cities and the countryside.I will tell you more about Britain in my other letters.Lov

35、e from Britain，PeteA.The weather in London is really changeable.B.I have difficulty in understanding my classmates.C.Thanks for your nice letter.D.The family I live with are friendly.E.Its very different from what I learned at school.F.Local habits and traditions are not the same as what we knew.G.B

36、ut its not the language thats different and surprising.答案15CEGAF. 语法填空Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned_1_farm, which looked almost abandoned._2_(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby_3_other

37、 food and made cheese and butter for the family with what_4_(leave).The cow was their only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass_5_it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she_6_(fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living_7_the c

38、ow.In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees_8_(sell) the wood.Thinking about his childrens clothes, he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegeta

39、bles and cotton in the market_9_people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to_10_that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.1.解析句意：他拥有一个农场，这个农场看起来都快废弃了。a是不定冠词，表示泛指一个，修饰可数名词单数。答案a2.解析句意：幸运的是，他还有一头奶牛，每天都能产奶。luckily副词，“幸运的是”。这里用副词形式修饰整个句子。答案Luckily3.解析句意：他

40、去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或是用牛奶来换其他的食物。本句话中exchange的意思是交换，这里是用短语exchange.for.，故填介词for。答案for4.解析句意：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或是用牛奶来换其他的食物，用剩下的牛奶制作奶酪和黄油。leave“离开；剩下，留下”。这里what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态。答案was left5.解析句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起大雨。when是并列连词，意思是正在这时。这句话使用的句型是be doing sth. when.，“正在做某事这时”。答案when6.解析句意：在慌忙逃跑的时候，奶牛摔下了山，死了。fa

41、ll“摔倒，掉下来”，根据文意可知，这篇短文使用的是一般过去时态，故这里填过去式fell。答案fell7.解析句意：奶牛死了，Johnson先生不得不继续生活。根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不没有奶牛来生活。故填without。答案without8.解析句意：因为这些药草和蔬菜需要花费时间来生长，Johnson先生就开始砍树来卖木头。sell“卖，销售”。这里用动词不定式形式在句中做目的状语。答案to sell9.解析句意：丰收的时候，他已经在人们定期赶集的市场上去卖药草、蔬菜和棉花了。where在这里引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the market。答案where10.解析句意：现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。It occurred to sb. that.“某人突然发现”，这是一个固定的句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生，故填him。答案him