2022高考人教版英语一轮复习学案：选修⑥UNIT 4　GLOBAL WARMING WORD版含答案.doc

1、Unit 4Global warming (一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1random adj.胡乱的；任意的2fuel n. 燃料3data n. 资料；数据4trend n. 趋势；倾向；走向5catastrophe n. 大灾难；浩劫6flood n. 洪水；水灾7phenomenon n. 现象8microwave n. 微波炉；微波9nuclear adj. 核的；核能的；原子核的10greenhouse n. 温室；花房第二组：写其形1per prep.每；每一2advocate vt. 拥护；提倡；主张3quantity n. 量；数量4mild adj. 温和的；温

2、柔的；淡的5range n. 种类；范围6glance vi. 看一下；扫视n. 一瞥7average adj. 平均的8widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的9commitment n. 承诺；交托；信奉10casual adj. 随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的11circumstance n. 环境；情况12refresh vt. 使恢复；使振作13presentation n. 显示；演出(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1consume vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完consumer n顾客2subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.签署(文件)；捐助subscription n

3、捐赠；订阅；签署3tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾；往往会vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势4oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的5consequence n结果；后果；影响consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的consequently adv.因此；所以6state vt.陈述；说明statement n说明；说法；声明 7steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily adv.平稳地；持续地8existence n生存；存在exist vi.存在existing adj.现有的；现存的9pollutio

4、n n污染；弄脏pollute vt.污染polluted adj.被污染的10contribution n贡献；捐助contribute v贡献；撰稿；捐助；捐赠11environmental adj.环境的environment n环境(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1come about发生；造成2subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购3quantities of 大量的4go up 上升；增长；升起5result in 导致6be opposed to 反对7keep on 继续8make a difference 有影响9on the whole 大体上；基本上10on behalf

5、 of 代表一方11put up with 忍受；容忍12and so on 等等(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1There is no doubt that .“毫无疑问”，that引导同位语从句悟原句There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming .背佳句There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the probl

6、em of air pollution.2even if (even though)引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”悟原句Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases .背佳句Be openminded to different opinions even if you dont like them.3so/as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句if not省略形式悟原句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so

7、 long as you are using it if not, turn it off！背佳句It is OK to accept the job so/as long as you like it. If not, dont do it.1.“不规则”名词复数小结datumdata数据mediummedia 媒体bacteriumbacteria 细菌criterioncriteria 标准phenomenonphenomena 现象crisiscrises 危机2.“灾难”名词集锦flood 水灾catastrophe 大灾难disaster 灾难drought 旱灾earthquak

8、e 地震tsunami 海啸3.“动词up with”短语集锦put up with忍受catch up with 跟上end up with以结束come up with 提出keep up with 跟上be fed up with受够了4.“引起；造成；导致”短语合集result in 导致lead to 导致；造成contribute to 促成；有助于 give rise to 引起；使发生bring about 引起；导致.用所给词的适当形式填空1In response to the appeal, I have made some changes in my way of lif

9、e, which ranges (range) from transportation to water saving.2Many citizens are opposed to pulling (pull) down the old temple, because it dates back to the 16th century.3The QinghaiTibet Plateau is the worlds highest plateau, averaging (average) over 4,000 metres above sea level.4We should make teena

10、gers realize the risk and consequence (consequent) of playing computer games.5In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted (pollute), we must do something to protect them.6Under these circumstances (circumstance), what matters most is not only our persistence but als

11、o our attitudes.7In the first place, vehicles send large quantities of poisonous gases which are (be) a major source of air pollution.8“Whats in those books youre always reading？” he asked casually (casual)9(2020浙江1月高考)People tend to focus (focus) on the first factor. However, greater attention shou

12、ld be placed on longevity (长寿)10In spite of this, the number of people having mobile phones is increasing steadily (steady).介、副词填空1(2019江苏高考)However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.2With the housing price going up, more and more people advocate the govern

13、ment take more strict measures to lower property prices.3With my English teachers patient instructions, I kept on learning, practising oral English for three months.4To get good jobs, they are willing to put up with many of the disadvantages of city life such as heavy traffic and pollution.5Amy thou

14、ght it was worthwhile to read English newspapers every day so she subscribed to the 21st Century.6First of all, on behalf of all the members of our school, Id like to express our heartfelt thanks to you and warmly welcome to our school.7Up to now, large quantities of food have been sent to Africa to

15、 save the starving people.8Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.9Everyone doesnt agree to the plan. Some support it while Im one of those who are opposed to it.10What do you think about the measures taken to prevent global warming?On the

16、whole, they are good.选词填空1tendency/trendThe current trend is towards informal clothing.He had a tendency to step backward whenever attention was focused on him.2result/consequenceThe students are intensely anxious to know the result of the entrance examination.If you behave so foolishly, you will be

17、 ready to bear the consequence.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1Rumours of his illness have been fueled by his failure to attend last nights dinner.增强；加剧2He received his award at a presentation in London yesterday. 颁奖典礼3I like Simon very much hes a very steady boy.稳重的；沉着的4The area is famous for its very mild winter cl

18、imate.温暖的；和煦的5The gulch would be flooded in the rainy season but were dry now.淹没A wave of happiness flooded me.充满.补全句子1毫无疑问的是他所说的话引起了我们对这件事的注意。(there is no doubt that .，强调句型)There is no doubt that it is what he said that draws our attention to the event.2文章表明是人类活动对村庄造成了环境破坏。(it is .that)The passage

19、indicates that it is human activity that has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village.3尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服Dean，但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。(even if)Dean still refused to join in the game, even if we all did our best to persuade him.4努力学习，否则你将来就会以失败告终。(end)Study hard now, or you will end up with failure

20、 in the future.5在生活中我们会遇到很多失败，只要我们尽力而为，就没有必要为此感到遗憾。(as long as)In our life we may meet with many failures, as long as we try our best, theres no need to feel regret for them.1quantity n量；数量补全句子(2019浙江6月高考)Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.专家表示，表扬的质量比数量更重要。(20

21、18天津高考书面表达)I know you once participated in a Robotics Competition and won the award, so you must have accumulated a large quantity of/quantities of experience.我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛，并且获了奖，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。The vegetables will be a lot cheaper if you buy them in quantity/in large quantities.如果你大批量购买的话，蔬菜会便宜得多。一句

22、多译由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land.As a result of destroying the forests, large quantities of desert have covered the land.归纳法记牢in quantity/in large quantities大量a large/small quantity of 大/少量的；许多(large) quantities of 大量的名师指津含qu

23、antity的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数与quantity的单复数保持一致。2oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(1)oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事oppose sb./sb.s doing sth. 反对某人/某人做某事(2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的be opposed to (ones) doing sth.反对(某人)做某事(to为介词)be opposed to sth. 反对某事演绎法练通单句语法填空However, many students and parents oppose separating (separate) s

24、tudents into science and art.Her parents opposed her (she) going abroad.The mayor is strongly opposed to building (build) a new hall, which may cost a lot of money.Opposing (oppose) the plan of raising prices, the public decided to go on strike on Sunday.联想发散表示“反对；不赞成”的表达还有：disagree with, disapprove

25、 of, be against, object to, hold negative attitudes towards等。3consequence n结果；后果；影响(1)as a consequence因此；结果 由于的缘故in consequenceconsequently 因此；结果(2)consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的演绎法练通单句语法填空As a consequence (consequent), they cant concentrate on their study and tend to be sleepy in class. Consequently (

26、consequent), she understood it and became interested in traditional Chinese culture.The warming of the Earth and the consequent (consequence) climatic changes affect us all.补全句子Thousands of people lost their lives as a consequence of the big earthquake.成千上万的人因那场大地震而失去了生命。4range n种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内

27、)变动；变化；排列(1)a wide range of范围广泛的；各种各样的within/in range of 在范围内beyond ones range 某人能力达不到的out of range 在范围外(2)range from . to . 在范围内变动演绎法练通单句语法填空(2017北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.When driving on highways, the driver must control his or

28、 her speed within/in range of 60km/h to 120km/h.补全句子(2019全国卷书面表达) Secondly, as a Chinese painting lover, I know a wide range of art works.其次，作为一个中国画爱好者，我知道各种各样的艺术作品。5average adj.平均的；普通的；正(平)常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v.平均为；计算出的平均数辨析法理清辨清楚写出下列句中average的词性及含义(2018全国卷)The average number of electronic devices ros

29、e from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.adj.平均的Its said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.n.平均数(2017全国卷)Freddy was an average student，but not an average person.adj.普通的The hotel averages 50 to 100 foreign guests daily.v.平均为理明白(1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)

30、 (2)on average 平均起来above average 在平均水平以上below average 在平均水平以下(3)average . out 算出的平均数针对训练语段填空There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, an average of 18 students in each class. Toms was above average while Johns was below average.在这次考试中有90名学生得到了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成绩在平均水平之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。6ci

31、rcumstance n环境；情况补全句子It might not be a perfect solution, but its the best I can do under/in the circumstances.这也许不是一个完美的解决办法，但这是在这种情况下我能做得最好的。Under no circumstances did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.当我决定接受这份工作时，我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。归纳法记牢under/in the circumstan

32、ces在这种情况下；既然如此under/in no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不(位于 句首时，句子要用部分倒装)名师指津circumstance“环境”，在其搭配under/in the circumstances 中，circumstance一定用复数(如句)。1. come about发生；造成come on快点；加油；开始(工作、运转)come to 合计为；达到；恢复知觉come up 走近；(困难或问题)出现；发芽；被提及come across 邂逅；偶遇come up with 提出；想出come into being 形成；产生演绎法练通单句语法填空Ill n

33、ever understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.When important questions come up, the members often lose their dignified ways and shout at each other.He is very quick thinking, and is often able to come up with new jokes.How the custom came into being remains a m

34、ystery.补全句子When we surf the Internet, we often come across such English words as “ASAP” and “AFK”上网时，我们常会遇到像“ASAP”和“AFK”这样的英语单词。2result in导致选词填空(result in/result from/as a result/as a result of)(2019江苏高考)As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.As a result of more and more

35、 pollution, many species are dying out.(2019北京高考)Positive thinking and action result in success.The fact that he is late for work results from the traffic jam.归纳法记牢result from由造成；因而产生as a result 结果as a result of 由于的结果名师指津(1)result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。(2)表示“导致”的词语还有： cause,

36、 lead to, contribute to等。3put up with忍受；容忍put off延期；推迟put out 熄灭；扑灭put up 建造；张贴；供给住宿；举起put aside 留出；存(钱)备用；把放在一边put away 收起来；放好put forward 提出建议；把向前拨演绎法练通单句语法填空Putting aside his disappointment, he smiled and praised the winner.The sports meeting which is to take place this Friday has to be put off be

37、cause of the heavy rain these days.补全句子In that case, we will have to learn to put up with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.既然那样，我们将不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并尝试发现他的优点。A suggestion has been put forward that we should recycle the textbooks.有人提出建议，我们应该循环利用教科书。4so/as long as引导条件状语从句教材原句It

38、is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not, turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！用法规则(1)so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。(2)引导条件状语从句的连词短语还有：in case 如果；万一；on condition that 只要；provided that 如果；条件是。注意事项as long as 和so long as表示“只要”时，可以互换；as long as表示“与一样长”时，多用于肯定句；否定句多用s

39、o long as。针对训练补全句子/句型转换“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart”； as long as you have a dream, keep trying and youll make it, too.“世上无难事，只怕有心人”；只要你有梦想，坚持尝试，你也会成功。 (2020天津7月高考)Jim says we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.吉姆说只要我们保持房子干净和整洁，我们就可以住在他的房子里。As long as you keep st

40、udying hard, you can improve your maths.(on condition that)On condition that you keep studying hard, you can improve your maths.一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020全国卷)However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more

41、active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.2(2020全国卷) What is the authors statement (state) about multigenerational family based on?3(2020江苏高考)On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.4(2020天津5月高考)The loca

42、l government doesnt have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth (grow)5(2020浙江7月高考)Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for

43、 their contributions (contribute) to the theater.6(2019全国卷)Chinese women are not just consumers (consume) of fashion they are central to its movement.7(2019北京高考)“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing，” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”8(2018全国卷)Thats

44、 bad news for the environment (environmental) and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.9(2018天津高考)Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal

45、 property.10(2016浙江高考)Under such circumstances (circumstance), smart firms need to find ways to let their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.11(2015天津高考)In the library, I found my way into the “Childrens Room”. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the sh

46、elf at random.12(2014广东高考)He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging (range) from potatoes to golf gloves.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2019浙江6月高考)But at Union Station in Los Angeles last m

47、onth, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”立起来词类活用(2019北京高考)Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the oceans appearance.v. 加强(2018

48、全国卷)Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects.v. 挤满生词僻义(2017浙江高考)Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration (融合)支持者(2016江苏高考)If a chimp is

49、 put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage, he will pull at random he just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.随便的(三)高考中的完形填空1(2020全国卷)I wonder if parents should always tel

50、l the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong fear that the lie were telling is doing spiritual damage to our children.ArestrictionsBexplanationsCdifferences Dconsequences解析：选D根据后文“is doing spiritual damage to our children”可知，“我”想知道无论结果(consequences)如何父母是否都应该告知真相。 2(2017江苏高考)When he began prac

51、ticing, he took it very 50 . But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.Aseriously Bproudly Ccasually Dnaturally解析：选C他开始练习拉大提琴时很随意，因此选择casually“随意地”。3(2015广东高考)As our society grows ol

52、d, we need the 14 of our older citizens.With long lives ahead of them, they need to stay active and be devoted.Aprotection BsuggestionsCcontributions Dpermission解析：选C联系本句话中的need和下一句话中的devoted可判断，由于社会趋于老龄化，我们需要老年人所做的贡献，本空的contributions和下一句话中的devoted对应，故选C项。protection“保护”；suggestion“建议”；permission“允许”

53、。4(2012江苏高考)The desire to be connected has brought solitude (独处) to an end as weve known it.People have become so reachable in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 theyd rather not be.Today we can talk, text, email, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our computers

54、, but from our mobile phones as well.Aeven if Bonly ifCas if Dif only解析：选A即使他们不希望被联系到，也经常有人联系他们。even if“即使，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。 (四)高考中的写作1(2019全国卷书面表达)只要你做好充分的准备，我坚信努力一定会有回报的！(as long as)As long as you make full preparations for it, I firmly believe hard work will pay off!2(2019全国卷书面表达)在开始的时候，学生会主席会让我

55、们展望节日的过去，现在和未来。(强调句)At the beginning, it is the chair of the Students Union that will give us a look into the past, present and future of the festival.3(2019北京高考书面表达)即使现在天气很好，在这些城市，你最好带上夏装和一把雨伞。(even if)Even if the weather is fine now, youd better take summer wear plus an umbrella with you in these

56、cities.4(2019江苏高考书面表达)毫无疑问，在欢迎仪式上我更喜欢校服而不是传统的中国服装。(there is no doubt that)There is no doubt that I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony.二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇satisfydecline waste shrink danger emissionfierce endangered nutritious industrialized environmentalresi

57、dent greenhouse awareness experience immigrationseverely participate in live in harmony with bring . under control 练中巩固.单词拼写1Local resident (居民) groups have united in opposition to the plan.2After years of good growth, the economy will shrink (收缩) this year.3We believe that China will become a highl

58、y developed industrialized (工业化的) country.4Violent games should be restricted, otherwise they would severely (严重地) pollute our childrens minds.5All things considered, I think every country should cut the emission (排放) of carbon dioxide to protect the earth.6Faced with the problem of climate change,

59、we should find an effective method of reducing greenhouse (温室) gases.单句语法填空1The government has decided to tighten its immigration (immigrate) policy.2People waste too much money buying (buy) useless things.3Examples of unsafe environmental (environment) conditions are noise, radiation, dust, etc.4It

60、 is always important to choose enjoyable, nutritious (nutrition) foods.5I hope everything is to your satisfaction (satisfy), Sir.6Some effective measures have been taken to protect endangered (endanger) species.7I can feel my heart is beating fiercely (fierce)8It is common for children to experience

61、 (experience) frustration and anger when growing.9Overtaking on a bend is dangerous (danger)Do be careful.10The old people held an activity two months ago to raise awareness (aware) of the needs of grandparents.补全句子1There are two important points to live in harmony with others.与他人和谐相处有两点很重要。2More co

62、untries are trying to work out some effective means to bring air pollution under control.许多国家正在试图拟定出一些有效措施控制空气污染。3Your friend must be in great danger, or else he would have come down long ago.你们的朋友一定十分危险，要不他早就下来了。4Several experts will participate in this activity as technical advisers.几位专家将作为技术顾问参加本

63、次活动。单元主题语篇训练.完形填空Ive been into environmentfriendly things for ages, which started when I was 13 and my favorite teen magazine 1 in the mail with a “Save the Earth, Girl！” cover. I remember it 2 ！ It was filled with all sorts of easy 3 to go green.Among many of the 4 I learned that day: turning off t

64、he water while you brush your teeth 5 200 gallons of water every year per person! I started doing that 6 . I mean, it is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesnt have an unlimited 7 of fresh water.My parents were also 8 for recycling and reusing, so we became the ones who 9 rejected containers an

65、d used them for 10 ， and the ones who carried our own bags to the grocery store and our own 11 to the coffee shop. I knew it was the right thing to do for the environment.Later, I tried to let my 12 flag fly! I either called out to whoever littered in public or collected magazines from my friends to

66、 13 . Then the strangest thing happened: people started 14 me. One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights, buy recycled notebooks, and 15 paper back into the printer to make use of the other 16 . Its not that they were so 17 about the environment, but they were drawn to my confidence.Im wil

67、d about environmental protection and would stand 18 ， saying, “Yeah, this is what Im into.” 19 others dont share your enthusiasm, they will envy your confidence and want to be like you, and that means 20 your example.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者热衷环保的健康生活。1A.existedBarrivedCreturned Dprinted解析：选B根据空后的“in

68、the mail”可推知，作者最喜爱的青少年杂志到了。2A.carefully BcorrectlyCclearly Doccasionally解析：选C根据空后的感叹号，和上文提到那本杂志是作者的最爱可推知，作者清晰地(clearly)记得那本杂志。3A.tips BquestionsCjobs Ddecisions解析：选A根据上文中的“with a Save the Earth, Girl！ cover”可推知，那本杂志里提供了很多环保的小贴士，与下文中的如“刷牙时关掉水龙头”等具体的建议形成呼应。4A.reasons BdebatesClessons Dfacts解析：选D根据语境可推

69、知，每个人刷牙时关掉水龙头一年可以节约(saves)200加仑的水是一个事实的陈述。5A.weighs BstoresCsaves Dtotals解析：选C参见上题解析。6A.at times Bright awayCafter all Dat last解析：选B根据下文“I mean, it is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesnt have an unlimited of fresh water.”可推知，作者认为节约用水事关重大，于是立马行动。7A.amount BcontrolCuse Dflow解析：选A作者意识到地球上的淡水资源总

70、量是有限的。amount“数量”。8A.famous BsorryCeager Dsuitable解析：选C根据下文可知，作者的父母也加入进来，践行环保。be eager for“渴望”。9A.washed out Btook awayCgave out Dthrew away解析：选A与空前的“reusing”呼应可推知，作者一家把遗弃的容器清洗后用来贮存(storage)。10A.collection BshowCstorage Ddecoration解析：选C参见上题解析。11A.drinks BbooksCcoins Dcups解析：选D根据空前的“carried our own ba

71、gs to the grocery store”和作者一家的环保理念可推知，他们应该是带着自己的杯子去咖啡店。12A.noble BhighCambitious Dgreen解析：选D根据上文“Ive been into environmentfriendly things for ages”和“It was filled with all sorts of easy to go green.”可推知，之后作者试着把自己的环保理念传播给他人，故选D。13A.recycle BprocessCresell Ddonate解析：选A结合作者的环保理念并根据语境可推知，作者从朋友那里收集杂志，循环利

72、用。14A.serving BcopyingCobserving Dreminding解析：选B根据下文“One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights . make use of the other .”可推知，作者的朋友开始仿效作者，加入环保行动。15A.pay BtakeCfeed Dturn解析：选C根据空后的“paper back into the printer to make use other ”并结合语境可知，此处应是一种环保做法，即把纸重新放进打印机，使用纸的另一面(side)。feed“把放进”。16A.sheet

73、BpartCversion Dside解析：选D参见上题解析。17A.curious BconcernedCoptimistic Dserious解析：选B根据该句“Its not that . drawn to my confidence”可推知，他们这样做并不是他们关注环境，而是被作者的信心吸引，与上文作者的朋友开始效仿作者，践行环保理念呼应。18A.proudly BpolitelyCcalmly Dpatiently解析：选A根据上文中的“but they were drawn to my confidence”可推知，作者热衷环保，信心满满，并以此为傲。19A.Now that BE

74、ven ifCUnless DBefore解析：选B根据语境可知，此处表示即使其他人不能分享你的热情，但他们将羡慕你的信心，并且想像你一样。20A.setting BmakingCgiving Dfollowing解析：选D结合语境“they will envy your confidence and want to be like you”可推知，这意味着人们会被你的信心所感染，效仿你的环保行为。.阅读七选五To make sure that the foods are delicious and safe, the Food and Drug Administration provides

75、 several tips to reduce the risk of the most common foodborne illnesses. 1 Bacteria can spread throughout the kitchen and get onto cutting boards, knives, and counter tops.To avoid the risk of foodborne illnesses, people should pay special attention to the handling and preparation of foods.Keep food

76、s apart.Bacteria can spread from one food product to another.This is especially true for raw meat and seafood. 2 Put foods in a refrigerator without delay.Public health officials advise consumers to refrigerate foods quickly. 3 Refrigerators should be set at 40 degrees F and the freezer at 0 degrees

77、 F, and the accuracy of the settings should be checked now and then.Keep foods at a safe temperature during thawing (解冻)Lets take turkey for example.Thawing the turkey completely before cooking is important and necessary to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses. 4 For example, a 20pound turkey need

78、s two to three days to thaw completely when thawed in the refrigerator at a temperature of no more than 40 degrees F. 5 Foods are properly cooked when they are heated for a long enough time and at a high enough temperature to kill the harmful bacteria that cause foodborne illnesses.ACook to proper t

79、emperatures.BSo keep them away from readytoeat foods.CWash hands and food contact surfaces often.DWashing hands before meals is good for health.ESo allow the correct amount of time to thaw a whole turkey.FThe turkey is done when the temperature reaches 180 degrees F.GThats because cold temperatures

80、stop most harmful bacteria growing.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种避免食源性疾病的方法。1选C根据空后的内容可知，细菌会在整个厨房内传播，切菜板上、厨房刀具上和厨房台面上都可能会有细菌。C项中的“food contact surfaces”与下文中的“cutting boards, knives, and counter tops”相对应，故C项“经常洗手并清洗接触食物的物体表面”符合语境。2选B根据本段的主题句“Keep foods apart.”可知，本段主要讲的是要把食物分开放置，再结合空前两句可知，生肉、海鲜特别容易传播细菌，因此应该把

81、它们与其他食物分开放置。故B项“因此要把它们和立即可食的食物分开放置”符合语境。B项中的“them”指代的就是上文中的“raw meat and seafood”。3选G根据本段的主题句“Put foods in a refrigerator without delay (将食物立即放进冰箱)”及公共卫生官员建议人们快速冷藏食物的内容可知，空处应该是说明这样做的原因，故G项“那是因为低温可以阻止最有害的细菌生长”符合语境。4选E根据空前一句可知，在烹饪前完全解冻火鸡对降低患食源性疾病的风险很重要，再结合下文中所举的例子可知，空处说的应是要有一定的时间来使一整只火鸡解冻。故E项符合语境。5选A根

82、据空后的内容可知，当食物被加热到足够的时间时，食物就被做好了，而且足够高的温度能够杀死那些引发食源性疾病的细菌。因此本段主要讲的应是烹饪时要达到一定的温度，故A项符合语境。tips 利用代词的指代关系解阅读七选五在英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，或指代前文的某个句子。如果设空处后一句或选项中出现代词(尤其是人称代词、指示代词或替代词)时，往往可根据代词的指代关系来解题。指代相关是指文中空白处前后句中的某个名词或代词与正确选项中的某个代词或名词之间存在指代关系。此时，准确理解该代词的指代范围或内容是解题的关键。例如it可指代单数名词或整个句子；th

83、ey或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子；these或those指代前句的复数名词。例如上文第2题，B项中的“them”指代的就是上文中的“raw meat and seafood”。 .语法填空Humans share Earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal friends may not be around for much 1 (long)According to the Living Planet Report r

84、eleased by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in October, the populations of animals 2 (fall) by an average of 60 percent since 1970. And one of the biggest causes of wildlife losses 3 (be) human activity. Three quarters of the worlds land is 4 (large) affected by human activity. Many natural habitats ha

85、ve been destroyed to create farmland.“The astonishing decline 5 wildlife population is a reminder and perhaps the ultimate sign of the pressure we put on the planet，” Marco Lambertini, the general 6 (direct) of the WWF, wrote in the report.WWF has called on world governments and businesses 7 (strike

86、) a deal to protect people and nature. To protect 8 (endanger) animals, measures have been taken in China and progress has been made, 9 more efforts are still needed to protect wildlife in China and around the world.“We are the first generation to know we are destroying our planet and the last one 1

87、0 can do anything about it，” WWF UK Chief Executive Tanya Steele told CNN.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于人类的活动，许多动物濒临灭绝，因此我们应该采取措施保护它们。1longer考查形容词比较级。分析该句可知，设空处前的much修饰形容词比较级，故填longer。2have fallen考查时态和主谓一致。分析该句可知，since引导时间状语从句时，前面的主句用现在完成时，且主语the populations of .为复数形式，故填have fallen。3is考查主谓一致。分析该句可知，主语为one

88、of the biggest causes of wildlife losses，当one of位于句首时，谓语用单数，且此处描述客观情况，故填is。4largely考查副词。分析该句可知，设空处应用副词修饰动词affected，故填largely。5in/of考查介词。此处of译为“属于，关于”，表示所属关系；而in译为“在之内”，表示领域或范围，所以of和in都适用，故填in/of。6director考查名词。根据Marco Lambertini可知，general后接表示人的名词，the general director译为“总干事”，应用名词形式。故填director。7to strike考查不定式。设空处使用不定式作目的状语，故填to strike。8endangered考查形容词。设空处应用形容词修饰其后名词animals。故填endangered。9but/yet考查连词。分析该句可知，前后两句构成转折关系，but和yet都译为“但是，然而”，表示转折和对照关系。故填but/yet。10that/who考查定语从句。该句为定语从句，先行词为the last one，在从句中作主语，此处one指代generation，应使用关系代词that或who。21