2020年高三英语开学大串讲 短文改错专题精讲.docx

1、短文改错专题精讲短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）（2018年全国卷I短文改错）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my fat

2、her to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fi

3、sh. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.短文改错-“反证法”训练（包括翻译）：逐句分析，先整句翻译，再以短语为单位进行分析，如：名词短语，动词短语，介词短语，固定搭配和非谓语等，证明这些用法没错，否则

4、需要改错。文章主体时态：一般过去时逐句分析：（适合巩固基础，待到熟能生巧时就不必逐句分析了。）第一句：During my last winter holiday是介词短语，译为“在我上次寒假期间”； with my father是介词短语，译为“和我的爸爸”；to visit my grandparents是不定式，译为“去看望我的祖父母”；而I went to countryside用过去时态没错，只是countryside译为“农村，乡下”，是可数名词，可文中没有考虑冠词，故应该补上定冠词the。第二句：I find a big change there.简单句，译为“在那儿我发现了一个很

5、大的变化。”；a big change 属于“冠词形容词名词”，文章主体时态是过去时，而find是原形，故find应该改为found，注意动词不规则变化！第三句：The first time I went there, 译为“第一次我到达那儿，”时态没错，The first time引导时间状语从句；主句they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. 译为“他们住在一间有狗、鸭子和其它动物的小房子。” were living是过去进行时，a small house属于“冠词形容词名词”，dogs,

6、 ducks, and another animals三个可数名词都考虑复数，但another 译为“另一个”，根据语境应该是“其它的”，故find应该改为another 应该改为other。第四句： Last winter译为“去年冬天”，when I went here again, 译为“当我又去这儿” ，when引导时间状语从句，时态没错；搭配come here译为“来这儿”， go there译为“去那儿”，故将here改为there；主句they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken，译为“他们有一间大的单独的房子去

7、养许多鸡”，谓语had时态没错，a big separate house属于“冠词形容词名词”，to raise 是非谓语，dozen是“一打，十二个”，dozens of 是固搭，“许多”，后接可数名词复数，故chicken应该改为chickens。第五句：They also had a small pond which they raised fish.译为“他们也有一个养鱼的小池塘。” 主句谓语had时态没错，a small pond属于“冠词形容词名词”，从句主谓宾完整，故不缺主语、宾语或表语，即缺状语，先行词pond表示地点，故which应该改为where，where在定语从句中作地

8、点状语。注意：fish指鱼时为可数名词，单复数同形，如one fish, two fish；fishes可数的时候，表示各种各样的鱼；fish做鱼肉的时候不可数，泛指鱼也不可数，没有复数。第六句：My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 译为“我的爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了相当多。” 主句谓语said和宾语从句谓语earned时态都没错，quite是副词，“相当”；a lot of固搭，“许多”，后接可数或不可数名词，此句a lot后没有名词，故不用补上of，而by是介词，后接名词、代词或动名

9、词，故动词sell应该改为动名词“selling”。第七句：I felt happily that their life had improved. 译为“他们的生活已经改善了，我感到开心。”主句谓语felt和宾语从句谓语had时态都没错，但felt是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故副词happily应该改为形容词“happy”。第八句：At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. 译为“在我们此行的最后，我告诉我的爸爸，我计划每两年就回来，

10、他同意了。” At the end of是固搭，“在尽头，末尾”，主句谓语told和宾语从句谓语planned及并列句谓语agreed时态都没错，“每两年”前面不用介词for，根据语境，表转折的连词 “but”应该改为并列连词“and”。2018年全国I卷答案：1.countryside the countryside 2.findfound 3. anotherother4.herethere 5. chickenchickens 6. whichwhere 7. sellselling 8. happilyhappy 9.去掉for 10. butand（2018年全国卷短文改错）When

11、 I was little, Fridays night was our family game nightAfter supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting roomAs the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let meThey would say to us that playing card games would h

12、elp my brainStill I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high schoolThe games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life文章主体时态：一般过去时 逐句分析：（适合巩固基础，待到熟能生巧时就不必逐句分析了。）第一句：When I was little, “当我

13、小的时候”， Fridays改为Friday，考查名词作定语，星期五不用所有格，前后句时态没错，our family game night没错。第二句：After supper, “晚饭后”，we would play card games of all sort in the sitting roomwould过去时态一致，情态动词后面接play原形，没错，card games可数名词复数，没错； 由all“所有的”可知，sort应用复数形式，all sorts意为“各种各样”；in the sitting room介宾搭配没错。第三句：As the kid, 此处表示“作为一个孩子”，ki

14、d表泛指，且kid的发音以辅音音素开头，故the改为a，考查冠词。 I loved to watch cartoons, “我爱看卡通”，时态，搭配，名词复数都没错；but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, “但是不管多少次我要求去看（卡通）” ，此处连词but没错，表多少次时how many times可数，没错；asked时态没错；watching改为watch。考查非谓语动词，ask to do sth表示“要求做某事”，为固定用法；宾语them指代上句的可数名词cartoons，没错；后半句my parents wou

15、ld not to let me中my parents没错，would时态与全文一致，would是情态动词，需接动词原形，故应删除to。第四句：They would say to us that playing card games would help my brainThey 指代父母，would时态与全文一致，此处表示“他们会对我(me)说”，上文提及的是“我”，还有后半句的help my brain可知，指代错误，故应将宾语us改为me。第五句：Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimesI是主语，此句缺谓，be unwi

16、lling to do sth.是固搭，表示“不愿意做某事”。结合语境和时态可知，应用一般过去时，故在I后加was。表示“和某人玩”的固搭是playwith sb，故将for改为with，此处考查介词搭配。第六句：I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high school该句中didnt , are, entered三者时态不一致，故将are改为were。第七句：The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very usefu

17、l later in my life该句的名词单复数，动词时态及短语等表达均无错误，插入省略宾语的定从my parents taught me和插入when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”；主句是The games turned out to be very useful later in my life短文改错答案比较 试题名称修改错词（8道）；增加和删除（2道）满分10每个1分动词名词形容词副词代词冠词介词并列连词从属连词定语从句状语从句名词性从句谓语动词非谓语动词18I卷正确答案the 10分个人答案错题启示： every two years，惯用语every two years意为“每隔两年”，其前不用介词。18卷正确答案was10分个人答案错题启示： 考查名词作定语。“星期五晚上”译为Friday night。填写下表：突破弱点！ 知己知彼，百战不殆！ 整理错题，及时复习短文改错盲区，多问同学或老师，查缺补漏，认真完成错题训练，并写错题启示。 错题类型分析：做短文改错时要注意“前后兼顾”，先易后难，明确考点，逐一完成，仔细检查。（该题答案做对的打“”，做错的写上自己的答案。）正确答案用红笔，个人答案用黑色笔，方便比较。总结错题启示及措施：_