2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题3CD字部.doc

1、2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题三 C、D字部1. choosev.选择词形变化：过去式chose，过去分词chosen关联词组：choose from挑选，从中选择；choose between A and B在A和B中做出选择；choose to do sth.选择做某事词性转换：choice n.选择：make a choice做出选择；have no choice别无选择（2019，江苏卷，短文填空）For the first few months I chose to eat in Sichuan Or Hunan style restaurants instead of

2、 eating much _16_ food.16. A. freshB. localC. ChineseD. frozen2. collectv.收集，聚集关联词组：collect information收集信息；collect stamps集邮词性转换：collection n.收集，采集；收藏品：a collection of（收藏的）一些，一批（2019，浙江卷，词汇运用）What she does is called plogging, an activity combining collecting rubbish with running.3. comfortableadj.令人

3、舒适的；感到舒服的关联词组：make oneself comfortable别拘束，别客气；feel comfortable感到舒服词性转换：comfortably adv.舒适地；comfort n.舒适；安慰；v.安慰，使（痛苦）缓和（2019，山东卷，完形填空）Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives _11_. To show the respect, it may be _12_ to explain what the gift is.11.

4、 A. itB. themC. that12. A. necessaryB. carefulC. comfortable4. communicatev. 沟通，交流；交际；传达关联词组：communicate with与交流；communicate in (English)用（英语）交流 词性转换：communication n.交流；通信，通讯：international communication国际交流（2019，北京卷，阅读D）33. What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A. To question abou

5、t the standards of information storage.B. To discuss our problems of communication with machines.C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.5. comparev. 比较，对比compare A with B“比较A和B”，侧重二者的区别compare A to B“把A比作B”，侧重比

6、喻，比拟，指出二者的相似关系compared with/to +名词，“与相比”，通常放在句首或句子中间，充当状语成分。例如：Compared with cars, bikes are more environmental. 与轿车相比，自行车更加环保。词性转换：comparison n.比较，对比：make a comparison (between A and B)（在A和B之间）做比较；by comparison比较起来；in comparison with同比较起来（2019，北京卷，完形）My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I co

7、uldnt _14_ but to show my class why I wanted to be president.14. A. compareB. rememberC. manageD. repeat6. competitionn.竞争，比赛关联词组：sports competition运动竞赛；fair/unfair competition公平/不公平竞争；in competition with同竞争词性转换：compete v.竞争，比赛；competitor n.竞争者，对手；competitive adj.有竞争力的（2019，山东卷，单项填空）6.The English Sp

8、eech Competition the best in her. As a result, she is more active now.A. checked outB. tried outC. left outD. brought out7. completev.完成，结束；adj.完成的，完整的作动词：The work should be completed in one year.这项工作应该在一年内完成。作形容词：This is a complete story.这是一个完整的故事。词性转换：completion n.完成，结束；completed adj.完成的；completel

9、y=totally adv.完全地，彻底地反义词：incomplete adj.不完全的，不完整的（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）3.- Keep quiet! I need complete_ when Im working.-Sorry, dad. I wont make any noise again.A. trustB. silenceC. controlD. strength8. conditionn.条件，状况关联词组：in good/bad condition情况良好/糟糕；on condition that在（某事发生）的条件下用法：当用来表示“天气”、“（居住、工作或做事情的）

10、环境，境况”时，通常使用复数conditions。如：The plants grow best in cool, damp conditions.这种植物最适合在阴凉、潮湿的环境下生长。（2019，浙江卷，阅读D）Carl made friends with the correspondents, and got Millets condition reported to England and all over the continent, and America, and everywhere.9. connectv.连接，把联系起来connect A with B表示“把A和B联系起来（

11、或连接在一起）”，A和B之间不分主次；connect A to B表示“把A连接到B上”，通常以A为主，以B为辅；通常可用and代替介词with或to，变成connect A and B的形式。词性转换：connection n.关系，连接；connected adj.有关联的：be (closely) connected with与（紧密）相关（2019，江苏卷，完形）However, after falling in love with the city. I came to realize that the food is so closely _17_ with its local c

12、ulture.17. A. connectedB. coveredC. comparedD. charged10. considerv.考虑，认为关联词组：consider doing sth.考虑做某事；consider sth. as把某事看作词性转换：consideration n.考虑：take sth. into consideration=consider sth.考虑某事；in consideration of考虑到，顾及（2019，江苏卷，阅读D）In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I dont know why we

13、re even considering it.11. continuev.继续continue with sth.继续做某事，with后面接名词continue doing sth.继续做某事，指继续做同一件事continue to do sth.继续做某事，指一件事做完后，继续做另一件事比较：After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued to do my homework.（喝咖啡之前我是在做别的事而不是做作业）After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued doing my homework.（喝咖啡之前我在

14、做作业但没做完，喝完以后继续做）同义词：continue=go on（2019，浙江卷，完形）She tried to finish the song, but the audience (观众) began to whistle and got angry. Mrs. Chaplin could not continue any longer and walked _7_ the stage crying.7. A. ontoB. offC. towardsD. around12. correctv.纠正，改正；adj.正确的，对的同义词：right adj.正确的，对的反义词：wrong

15、adj.错误的；incorrect adj.不正确的词性转换：correctly adv.错误地；correctness n.正确性；correction n.纠正（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct

16、 answers.13. costv.花费，值（多少钱）；n.价格词形变化：过去式cost，过去分词cost关联词组：at the cost of以为代价；at all costs不惜任何代价；at any cost无论如何 动词用法：表示“花费”的三个动词spend、cost和take的区别：spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等，其后接on(for)+名词或用in(可省)+动名词；cost可用于表示花时间和金钱，其主语一般是“物”或“事”，表示“花费”、“耗费”；take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或某物。句式是：It takes sb. som

17、e time to do sth.=Sth. takes sb. some time.（2019，山东卷，单项填空）25. Roy works in London. It _him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day. A. costs B. spends C. takes14. createv.创造，创作；造成，产生同义词：produce，make词性转换：creation n.创造，创作；产物，作品；creative adj.创新的，有创造性的：creative power创造力；creative thinking创新思维（

18、2019，山东卷，单项填空）24. Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is created B. was created C. creates15. culturen.文化，文明关联词组：traditional culture传统文化；western culture西方文化；local culture本土文化；popular culture流行文化，大众文化； 词性转换：cultural adj.文化的，文化上的（2

19、019，浙江卷，词汇填空）40. More and more people have realized the importance of spreading our _(传统的) culture.16. cutv.切，剪，削，割；n.切，割；伤口；理发词形变化：过去式cut，过去分词cut，现在分词cutting动词词组：cut off切断，中断；cut down砍到；削减；cut in插嘴，插入；cut up切碎名词词组：power cut停电，供电中断关联单词：shortcut n.捷径；haircut n.理发；发型 （2019，山东卷，词形转换）67. Have you ever c

20、ut your finger on the edge (边缘) of a book page? The small cut on your finger is so _. (pain)17. dailyadj.每日的，日常的关联词组：daily life日常生活；daily use日用品；on a daily basis按日，每天其它词性：作adv.：daily=every day每日，每天作n.：表示“日报”：China Daily中国日报（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）9.- Could you tell me _? - You will stay with an English famil

21、y and take part in their daily life.A. when I should pay for the courseB. what the best part of the course isC. how long the shortest course lastsD. where I can go sightseeing after class18. dangerousadj.危险的，有危害的关联词组：dangerous goods危险物品；dangerous situation危险处境词性转换：danger n.危险，威胁：in danger处于危险中；endan

22、ger v.危及，使遭受危害（2019年，山东卷，单项填空）20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. although B. because C. if19. dealv.交易；n.买卖；量，数额动词词组：deal with和做生意；处理，应对名词词组：a good/great deal of大量；a big deal大人物，了不

23、起的人/事；make a deal with同达成交易（2019年，北京卷，阅读C）For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with.20. decidev.决定，下决心关联词组：decide on sth.决定（选定）；decide to do sth.决定做某事词性转换：decision n.决定，决心：make a decision做决定（2019年，北京卷，完形）Two m

24、onths ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class president.21.dependv.依靠，依赖；取决于关联词组：depend on/upon sb./sth.依靠/依赖；取决于，视而定用法：在口语中可以用It (all) depends或That depends表示“那得看情况”。词性转换：dependent adj.依赖的（反义词：independent）；dependence n.依赖，依靠（2019年，山东卷，动词应用）Some people might think that th

25、eir music isnt all that loud. But this can depend on where you are.22. diev.死亡，去世词形变化：过去式died，过去分词died，现在分词dying关联词组：die out灭绝用法：表示死亡的原因，可以使用介词of或者from，二者的大致区别：die of通常表示死于与身体之上/之内的原因，如疾病，饥饿：die of cancerdie from通常表示环境等外部因素引起的死亡，如事故：die from a traffic accident词性转换：death n.死亡；dead adj.死亡的，去世的（2019年，山

26、东卷，词形转换）68. There are about 6,000 languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _is taken, some of these languages will disappear. (act)23. directadj.直接的，直率的；v.指挥，指导；导演（电影）关联词组：a direct flight直飞航班 词性转换：directly adv.直接；direction n.方向；指导；director n.导演；directive n.侦探反

27、义词：indirect adj.间接的（2019年，重庆卷，短文填空）Youve been here in China for a few days, and you may notice that Chinese people can sometimes be very direct.24. dividev.分，划分关联词组：divide into把分成；divide sth. between/among在之间分配/分享某物用法：表示除法运算时，可以用divide A by B，如：21 divided by 3 is 7.词性转换：divided adj.分裂的，分开的；有分歧的；divi

28、sion n.分割，划分；除法；部门，分支（2019年，湖北卷，完形）What happens if theres a topic that you still dont 46 understand? Youd better have a website or two that you can 47 to search a subject.46.A. normally B. gradually C. completely D. politely47. A. imagine B. use C. knock D. divide25. doubtn&v.怀疑，疑虑动词用法：doubt+名词/代词：I

29、 doubt his words.我怀疑他说的话。否定句和疑问句中，doubt可接that从句：I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time.我相信他能按时完成任务肯定句中，doubt一般接if/whether从句：I doubt whether he can finish the task on time.我怀疑他能否按时完成任务。名词用法：There is no doubt that毋庸置疑；no/without/beyond doubt无疑地词性转换：doubtful adj.怀疑的；可疑的（2019年，安徽卷，单项填空）2.You c

30、an see the _ in our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years.A. doubtB. prideC. regretD. ability26. drawv.绘画，绘制；拉，拖；提取（钱） 词形变化：过去式drew，过去分词drawn关联词组：draw a picture画一幅画；draw some money取一些钱；draw ones attention吸引某人的注意词性转换：drawing n.绘画，图画，图纸；drawer n.抽屉（2019年，浙江卷，阅读A）He wanted to draw a picture of it, but he wasnt sure how to spell dachshund, so he simply wrote Hot Dog.