2019年高考英语一轮精选练Unit2Robots含解析新人教版选修720180831167.doc

1、Unit 2 Robots李仕才一、阅读理解。Vitamin B could help lessen the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published recently. In the first study of its kind, a team of international researchers looked at the damage caused by one of the pollutants that have the most severe

2、impact on health: PM2.5.Particulate matter, or PM, is a type of air pollutant consisting of small particles of different sizes. PM2.5 has a diameter of fewer than 2.5 micrometers, about 30 times smaller than a human hair. These particles are so small that they can go into our respiratory system(呼吸系统

3、), resulting in lung and systemic inflammation(炎症) and stress.The team found that something as simple as a daily vitamin B supplement could potentially reduce the impact of the tiny particles on the human body, although they stressed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was

4、small.For this study, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo(安慰剂) to check their responses. The group then took another placebo for four weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto, where an estimated 1，000 cars pass every hour. The bad air

5、 was delivered to the volunteers through an “oxygentype” face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a B vitamin supplement daily made up of 2.5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of vitamin B6, and 1 mg of vitamin B12. B6 can be found in liver, chicken and nuts, and B12 in fish, me

6、at, eggs, milk and some cereals.The researchers found that four weeks of B vitamin supplements reduced the damage of PM2.5 exposure by 28%76%. The results highlight how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight the harmful effects of PM2.5.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。吸入人体内的PM2.5(细颗粒物)会导致疾病。不过，研究发现

7、维生素B在一定程度上能降低PM2.5的危害。1Why is PM2.5 harmful to our health?AIt pollutes and poisons the air.BIt is too much to be got rid of.CIt carries viruses and diseases.DIt is easily breathed in and damages our body.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These particles are so small.inflammation(炎症)and stress.”可知，PM2.5(细颗粒物)很小，能进入我

8、们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。2What can we infer from Paragraph 3?AThe process of the research was not scientific.BThis kind of research has been done many times.CFurther studies are needed to confirm their findings.DVitamin B is hard to obtain in peoples daily life.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“although they stressed that

9、the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small.”可知，该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小，因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。3What is the text mainly about?AInternational researchers have a new finding.BVitamin B could reduce the damage of PM2.5.CParticulate matter does great harm to our health.DEmission control an

10、d regulation are badly needed.B解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段谈到PM2.5的定义以及PM2.5的危害；第三到五段告诉我们维生素B能降低PM2.5的危害。所以B项最能概括文章主旨。4The new study was probably published _ Ain a science journalBon a government websiteCin a fashion magazineDin a medical textbookA解析：推理判断题。该文的内容为科学研究发现，很可能出自科学期刊。所以A项正确。二、单句语法填空1.The escaped p

11、risoner， _ （alarm）， looked up and stared in the direction where the noise came from.答案：alarmed2.Marriages based on money rather than love are bound _ （end） in divorce sooner or later.答案：to end3.Having been warned of danger in the street at night， she had to go home， with a friend _ （accompany） her.答

12、案：accompanying4.The majority of students were _ favour of the suggestion that they go to picnic the next day.答案：in5.（2018湖南衡阳联考）The young couple set _ some money each month for their future use even though their income can only make ends meet.答案：aside6.It is obvious to the students _ they should get

13、 well prepared for the coming examination.答案：that7.If _ （leave） alone outside， dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter.答案：left8.In September 1939， Britain declared war _ German after Germany invaded Poland.答案：on9.He expressed a strong desire that measures _ （take） to stop po

14、llution.答案：（should） be taken10.It was a great _ （satisfy） for her to know that her son was doing so well at college.答案：satisfaction三、完形填空。（2018云南昆明高三复习教学质量检测）I lost my flat by accident， and then I discovered my car needed a new engine. That meant I would have to spend 1，000 to get the car back on th

15、e 1. I suddenly found that I needed， first， somewhere to 2and second， something to travel around3.I was trying to decide what to do when I 4the advertisement on a board： Converted（改装过的） ambulance 5， 1，600. So I rang the number in the ad and 6to go and see it. It was love at first sight！ I made a 7st

16、raight away. Two days later I was the 8owner of a converted camper van（野营车）.At first I was 9. I wasnt sure whether I could handle it. 10， gradually Ive had feelings that I havent 11before. Living in my van is just the 12of waking up in the morning， and， for the first few seconds， not knowing 13you a

17、re. Then you look out of the window； some strange trees 14you， and some beautiful scenery makes your heart beat 15. Living in a flat in the city I missed all that.Now I begin to 16what the travelers have been telling us. Living in a van is cheap. No rent. Whats more， theres the sense of 17my new lif

18、estyle has given me. I love being able to go where I want and when I want. Its 18to feel that the whole world is your home. It is no 19that so many people are 20their houses and going on the road.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”的车发动机坏了，修理费很昂贵。偶然间“我”看中了一辆由救护车改装的野营车，立即买下了它。在这辆车里，“我”既可以居住，又可以旅游，觉得世界就是家，这种感觉真好。1.A.si

19、de BroadC.spot DplatformB解析：根据该句中的“get the car back on the_ ”可以判断，此处是说，让“我”的汽车重返上路（road）则要花费“我”1 000英镑。A项意为“旁边”，C项意为“斑点，污渍”，D项意为“平台”，都与语境不符。2.A.drive BrelaxC.work DliveD解析：根据该句中的“somewhere”及上文中的“I lost my flat”可以判断，“我”突然意识到“我”首先需要有个地方居住（live），故D项正确。A项意为“驾驶”，B项意为“放松”，C项意为“工作”，都与语境不符。3.A.for BthroughC

20、.in DatC解析：根据该句中的“something to travel around _ ”并结合常识可知，“我”还需要有一个坐在里面（in）驾驶着四处旅游的东西。故C项正确。4.A.took charge of Bmade use ofC.got hold of Dcaught sight ofD解析：根据该句中的“when I _ the advertisement on a board”可知，此处是说当“我”看到（caught sight of）公告牌上的广告时。A项意为“负责，控制”，B项意为“利用”，C项意为“抓住，找到”，都与语境不符。5.A.for sale Bon show

21、C.in need Dunder repairA解析：根据空后的“ 1，600”并结合空前的“advertisement”可知，这辆改装过的救护车是用来出售（for sale）的，故A项正确。B项意为“在展出”，C项意为“需要”，D项意为“在修理中”，都与语境不符。6.A.failed BarrangedC.applied DhesitatedB解析：根据该句中的“to go and see it”及后一句“It was love at first sight！”可知，“我”打进电话，并安排（arranged）时间去看看。A项意为“失败”，C项意为“申请”，D项意为“犹豫”，都与语境不符。7.

22、A.difference BsuggestionC.decision DcommentC解析：根据前一句“It was love at first sight！”可知，“我”一下子就爱上它了，据此可知，“我”立即作出了决定，make a decision为固定搭配，意为“作出决定”。A项意为“差别”，B项意为“建议”，D项意为“评论”，都与语境不符。8.A.proud BpainfulC.careless DbraveA解析：根据该句中的“owner of a converted camper van（野营车）”并结合前一句所表达的“我”立即作出决定可知，两天后“我”成了骄傲的（proud）野

23、营车车主。B项意为“痛苦的”；C项意为“粗心的”； D项意为“勇敢的”，都与语境不符。9.A.unwilling BconfidentC.satisfied DnervousD解析：根据后一句“I wasnt sure whether I could handle it.”可知，“我”不知道是否可以控制这辆车，据此可以判断，刚驾驶时，“我”有点紧张（nervous），故D项正确。A项意为“不愿意的”；B项意为“自信的”；C项意为“满意的”，都与语境不符。10.A.Therefore BOtherwiseC.However DBesidesC解析：前一句说不确定是否可以控制这辆车，空后说逐渐能够

24、掌握驾驶技能，并享受驾驶这辆车，据此可以判断，空处前后为转折关系，故C项正确。11.A.suffered BexperiencedC.hurt DcontrolledB解析：根据语境可知，该处表示“逐渐地，我有了未曾体验（experienced）过的感觉”，故B项正确。A项意为“遭受”，C项意为“弄伤”，D项意为“控制”，都与语境不符。12.A.fear BtirednessC.excitement DbeliefC解析：根据前一句可知，“我”体验到了以前未曾体验过的感觉，据此可以判断，早晨在车子里醒来是让人兴奋（excitement）的，故C项正确。A项意为“恐惧”，B项意为“疲倦”，D项意

25、为“信念”，都与语境不符。13.A.what BwhereC.how DwhoB解析：根据该句中的“waking up in the morning， and，for the first few seconds， not knowing _ you are”并结合常识可以判断，早晨在车里醒来“我”很兴奋，在开始的几秒里，不知道自己在哪里（where）。14.A.greet BblockC.protect DguideA解析：根据该句中的“some strange trees_ you，and some beautiful scenery makes your heart beat_ ”可以判断

26、，此处是说在清晨，“我”驾驶着爱车，窗外的树在和你打招呼（greet），窗外的美景让你的心激动地（wildly）跳动。B项意为“阻塞”，C项意为“保护”，D项意为“指导”，都与语境不符。15.A.softly BstronglyC.normally DwildlyD解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“轻柔地”，B项意为“强烈地”，C项意为“正常地”，都与语境不符。16.A.doubt BrefuseC.appreciate DignoreC解析：根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲述在野营车里居住的种种优点，据此可以判断，“我”现在开始理解（appreciate）旅行者一直告诉我们的关于住在野营车里的优点。

27、A项意为“怀疑”，B项意为“拒绝”，D项意为“忽视”，都与语境不符。17.A.freedom BdutyC.humor DsafetyA解析：根据语境可知，此外，还有“我”的新生活方式给“我”的自由（freedom）感，故A项正确。B项意为“责任”，C项意为“幽默”，D项意为“安全”，都与语境不符。18.A.terrible BdelightfulC.useful DboringB解析：根据该句中的“to feel that the whole world is your home”可知，你会感觉到全世界就是你的家，据此可以判断，这种感觉是让人高兴的（delightful），故B项正确。A项意

28、为“可怕的”，C项意为“有用的”，D项意为“令人厌烦的”，都与语境不符。19.A.chance BwayC.possibility DwonderD解析：根据该句中的“so many people are _ their houses and going on the road”可知，此处是说怪不得有那么多人要离开家，行驶在路上。 It is no wonder that.为固定句型，意为“并不奇怪，不足为奇”，故D项正确。20.A.leaving BdesigningC.buying DbuildingA解析：参见上题解析。故A项正确。B项意为“设计”，C项意为“购买”，D项意为“建造”，都

29、与语境不符。四、单句改错1.The little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. How a dangerous scene it was！_ 答案：HowWhat2.That afternoon they drank much coffee than had been our custom._答案：muchmore3.The famous doctor is going to set out performing the operation， so please keep calm._答案：out

30、about4.Look！ There stand the highest building of the city._ 答案：standstands5.My boss used to be strict with his staffs， which made all of them nervous at seeing him._ 答案：staffsstaff五、 单元语法不定式的被动语态1.（2018安徽省级示范高中联考）She was looking for her three nephews，but they were nowhere _ （find），which made her wor

31、ried.答案：to be found2.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the students，but it remains _ （see） whether they will enjoy it.答案：to be seen3.Not _ （interrupt） while writing，he locked himself in his study.答案：to be interrupted4.The play _ （produce） next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.答案：to be produced5.Weve had a good start， but next， more work needs _ （do） to achieve the final success.答案：to be done