2018版高中英语北师大版选修7：UNIT 21 单元综合测评 WORD版含解析.doc

1、单元综合测评(三).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分；满分30分)AAutumn blues? Let the sunshine in falling leaves, flowers，and cold winds. For many people late autumn can be a season of depression.Those who suffer from “the autumn blue” are often extremely tired, lack energy, need more sleep, feel increased appetite and gain weig

2、ht. “The exact cause of this condition，often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder (SAD), is not known yet，” says Chen Jue, associate professor at Shanghai Mental Health Center. “But recent studies show that weather change is influential and strongly suggest that this condition i

3、s caused by changes in the availability (得到) of sunlight.”One theory is that with decreased exposure(暴露) to sunlight, the biological clock that regulates mood, sleep, and hormones is delayed, running more slowly in winter. Exposure to light may reset the biological clock. Another theory is that brai

4、n chemicals that transmit (传送) information between nerves, called neurotransmitters (for example, serotonin), may be altered in individuals with SAD. It is believed that exposure to light can correct these imbalances. “It is a sad season, but you can try to make it happy. Remember, spring always liv

5、es in your heart，” Chen says. “Going outdoors to get some sunlight may reduce the tension that brings you the low spirits. Relax at work. Stretch, breathe deeply. Take a tea break. Think of your next vacation. Color treatment also works in handling low mood. Music also plays a role in treating autum

6、n blues.”【语篇解读】本文介绍了秋季抑郁症。有些人在秋天的时候容易感到疲劳，而且还有嗜睡、食欲增加等症状。研究人员认为这是由于阳光在秋天的减少，影响人们情绪和睡眠的生物钟也减慢了，他们提出调节生物钟、多去户外放松、深呼吸等可以有效减轻这种症状。1Autumn blues is also called seasonal _.AdepressionBsunshineCblue musicDcold winds【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The exact cause of this condition，often called seasonal depression or season

7、al affective disorder.”可知Autumn blues也被叫做seasonal depression，故选A。【答案】A2From the 3rd paragraph we know that there _ that can help to deal with autumn blues.Ais no biological clockBis a real exampleCis no possibilityDare some ways【解析】细节理解题。根据文章末段中“Going outdoors to get some sunlight may reduce the ten

8、sion that brings you the low spirits.Music also plays a role in treating autumn blues.”可知深呼吸、去户外晒太阳等都可以减轻这种症状，故选D。【答案】D3Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AAutumn blues can be feelings of happiness.BThe real cause for autumn blues is still unknown.CPeople feel tired in autumn.DWeat

9、her doesnt change people.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The exact cause of this condition，often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder(SAD)，is not known yet，”可知这种症状的原因尚不清楚，故选B。【答案】B4Which of the following CANT you do in order to deal with autumn blues?AEat more food very low in calories and s

10、ugar.BReset the biological clock regulating mood, sleep and hormones.CKeep the balance of nerves that transmit information.DTake outdoor activities or sports.【解析】细节理解题。文章第三段提到这种症状的一个原因可能和生物钟有关，也可能和神经有关，最后也提到了其他的缓解方法，但是A选项内容文章没有涉及，故A选项内容错误。【答案】ABExploit your parking spaceAn unused parking space or ga

11、rage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to 200 or 300 a week. Put an advertisement (广告) for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.Rent (出租) a roomSpare room? Not only will a lodger (房客) earn you an income, but also, thanks to the governmentbacked “ren

12、t a room” program, you wont have to pay any tax on the first 4,500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommate easy.Make money during special eventsDont want a fulltime lodger? Then rent on a shortterm basis.If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics

13、 or other big events could bring in money，Grashpadder can advertise your space.Live on setRenting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of o

14、nline companies that allow you to register your home for freebut you will be charged if your home gets picked.Use your roofYou need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around 14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, the

15、y get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid.However, you have to sign a 25year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.【语篇解读】文章给房主提供了几种利用现有资源挣钱的方式。5If you earn 5,000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on _.A500B

16、800C4500D 5000【解析】推理判断题。根据Rent(出租)a room中的“thanks to the governmentbackedrent a roomprogram，you wont have to pay any tax on the first 4,500 you make per year.”可知由于国家的政策，每年的4 500是不用交税的，50004500500，故选A。【答案】A6Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?AOn Letpark.BOn Grash

17、padder.COn Roomspare.DOn Roommateeasy.【解析】细节理解题。根据“Make money during special events中的If you live in the capital，renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money，Grashpadder can advertise your space.”可知选B。【答案】B7If you want to use energy free, you have to _.Asign an agre

18、ement with the governmentBpay around 14,000 for the equipmentCkeep the roof unchanged for within 25 yearsDsell the roof to some energy companies【解析】细节理解题。根据Use your roof中的“you have to sign a 25year agreement with the supplier，which could prevent you from changing the roof.”可知选C。【答案】C8For whom the te

19、xt most probably written?ALodgers.BAdvertisers.COnline companiesDHouse owners.【解析】推理判断题。根据文中开发停车空间、租房子、配备装置和利用房顶等内容可知文章是写给房主的，故选D。【答案】DCThe more advanced degrees a person has, the lower his blood pressure is，a study published online has found.An analysis(分析)of some 4,000 patient records from the 30y

20、ear Framingham Offspring Study found that，only considering age，women with 17 years or more of education，a masters or doctors degree，had systolic(收缩的)blood pressure readings 3.26 mmHg lower than female high school dropouts.“Men who went to graduate school had systolic blood pressure readings that wer

21、e 2.26 mmHg lower than the people who did not finish high school，” the study，published online in the open access journal BMC Public Health says.The same inverse relationship between education and blood pressure was also seen，although to a lesser degree，in men and women who got bachelors degrees(学士学位

22、)at university but did not continue on to graduate school.They showed greater blood pressure benefits than high school dropouts but lesser benefits than holders of masters or doctors degrees，the study found. Even after considering influences such as smoking，drinking and overweight，the benefits conti

23、nued to exist，although at a lower level.The study could help explain the widely documented relation in developed countries between education and lower risk of heart disease，said lead author Eric Loucks, an assistant professor of public health at Brown University in Rhode Island.Blood pressure is “on

24、e of the biological bases of heart disease，” said Loucks, asking policymakers who want to improve public health to think about improving access to education.The study focused on systolic blood pressure over diastolic(舒张的)blood pressure because “systolic high blood pressure is more common than diasto

25、lic high blood pressure.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。对学历和血压之间关系的研究表明：一个人的学历越高，他的血压就越低。9The underlined word“inverse”in the 2nd paragraph has the same meaning as_.AfunnyBcommonCwrongDopposite【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段和第二段对于学历和血压关系的研究，可以得出同样的结论，即“学位与血压之间存在反比关系”。【答案】D10Which of the following people has the highest systolic blo

26、od pressure?AA woman who dropped out of high school.BA woman who got a bachelors degree.CA woman who got a masters degree.DA woman who got a doctors degree.【解析】细节理解题。根据前两段对于教育水平和血压的研究可知，高中辍学的女性要比高学历的女性血压高。【答案】A11The purpose of the last paragraph is to_.Amake a summary of the textBprovide another lat

27、est research resultClead in a new topic for the following paragraphsDexplain why systolic blood pressure was the subject of the study【解析】写作目的题。由于舒张性高血压远不如收缩性高血压常见，故这项研究着重研究了收缩压而不是舒张压。因此，最后一段是为了解释说明。【答案】D12What can be the best title for the text?AThe Main Cause of Low Blood PressureBBlood Pressure De

28、pending on EducationCAdvanced Degrees Related to Lower Blood PressureDPractical Ways to Treat Systolic High Blood Pressure【解析】主旨大意题。本文说明了学历越高血压越低，C项最宜作本文标题。【答案】CDDeath rates for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40 percent in a decade, UK scientists will report today.Wide uptake of

29、cholesterolbusting station drugs(降胆固醇药), healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heart attacks, stroke and other cardiovascular(心血管的)problems.However, heart disease remains Britains biggest killer.The new study, by experts at Oxford University

30、, shows there has been a 44.4 percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6 percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to 2011.The team compared death rate associated with cardiovascular disease across Europe. They found that Britain has one of the best records i

31、n Europe, with 342 deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000 men in 2011, and 232 per 100, 000 women.Some nationsincluding Ukraine, Macedonia and Moldovasee more than 1,000 heart deaths per 100,000 of the population.Overall, heart disease causes 45 percent of all deaths across Europe, but only

32、 27 percent in the UK. The study, led by Dr.Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age.But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s.Dr.Townsend said：“Cardiovasc

33、ular disease results in 49 percent of deaths among women and 41 percent among men.”【语篇解读】本文讲述了英国的心脏病死亡在近十年来下降了百分之四十，但心脏病仍然是英国疾病的最大杀手。13From the text we can know _.Aheart disease no longer threatens the BritishBthe heart death rate among British men is lower than among womenCthe old mainly dies of st

34、roke in EuropeDthe heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than in Britain【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe，with 342 deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000 men in 2011，and 232 per 100,000 women.”可知英国的心脏病死亡率是十万分之三百四分二以及第六段“Some nationsincluding Ukrai

35、ne，Macedonia and Moldovasee more than 1,000 heart deaths per 100,000 of the population”可知乌克兰的心脏病死亡率是十万分之一千多，故选D项。【答案】D14What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?AStroke.BCardiovascular disease.CLung disease.DHeart attacks.【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The study，led by Dr.Nick Townsend，s

36、howed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age”可知，研究表明，心血管病是种老年病，再根据最后一段“But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s”可知it指的就是心血管病，故选B项。【答案】B15How does the author support his idea?

37、ABy analyzing data.BBy following processes.CBy describing his own experiences.DBy discussing research experiments.【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“The new study，by experts at Oxford University，shows there has been a 44.4 percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6 percent drop among women linked to he

38、art problems in the ten years to 2011.”可知研究是通过分析数据得出的，故选A项。【答案】A.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Whats top of your list of new year resolutions for 2016？Do more exercise? Eat better? Spend more time with your children? Find a fulfilling career? How about ticking all your boxes and simply be happy?_16_ Happine

39、ss is often an indirect consequence of our actions and the way we think. However, the good news is that making even the smallest adjustments can help us attain that kind of state we all want to achieve. Rachel Kelly, author of Walking on Sunshine, offers some simple changes we can all make to our li

40、ves to improve our state of mind.Be mindful_17_ It can be any routine activity you perform during the rush of the day, like hand washing. Slow down and give the task your full attention. Youll soon start appreciating these small moments of stillness.Follow the 60% rulePerfectionism is an illusion, b

41、ut the pursuit of it is real and can have damaging consequences._18_ If a friendship, relationship, work project is 60%right, then youre doing well.BreatheWhen things get too much, try the onefingeronthenose breathing trick._19_ Then just breathe through the other nostril. By having the rate at whic

42、h you breathe, you lower your blood pressure and trigger(引发)the bodys relaxation response.ExerciseBreaking a sweat, ideally the first thing in the morning, releases a chemical in the brain to reduce pain, and which in large amounts can make you feel relaxed and energetic and sets you up for the day.

43、_20_ASo readjust your thinking.BSo, if you can, start your day right.CBuild a “mindful” activity into your day.DSadly, you cant simply “become” happy.EPress a finger against one side of your nose.FWith so many external pressures can any of us be truly happy?GIts all about creating the right conditio

44、ns for your body to feel relaxed.【答案】1620DCAEB.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact _21_ a childs language development than mothers，a new study _22_.Researchers _23_ 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, i

45、nterviewing each to establish income，_24_ of education and child care arrangements._25_， it was a group of welleducated middleclass families，_26_ married parents both living in the home.When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in freeplay sessions with both parents, recording al

46、l of their _27_. The study will appear in the November _28_ of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.The scientists _29_ the total number of utterances of the parents, the number of different words they used, the _30_ of their sentences and other aspects of their speech._31_ average，father

47、s spoke less than mothers did, but they did not _32_ in the length of utterances or proportion(比例)of questions asked.Finally, the researchers _33_ the childrens speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high _34_ on the test were the mothers level of education，the_3

48、5_ of child care and the number of different words the father used.The researchers are _36_ why the fathers speech, and not the mothers, had an effect. “Its well _37_ that the mothers language does have an impact，” said Nadya Pancsofar，the lead author of the study. “It _38_ be that the highfunctioni

49、ng mothers in the study had already had a strong influence _39_ their childrens speech development, or it may be that mothers are _40_ in a way we didnt measure in the study.”【语篇解读】研究者们发现，在父母都上班的家庭中，父亲对于孩子语言的影响大于母亲。21A.inBatConDwith【解析】have impact on.“对有影响”，故填介词on。【答案】C22A.reportsBinformsCassumesDsu

50、ggests【解析】根据句意应是“一项新的研究表明”，故选D项，表示“建议；表明”。【答案】D23A.appointedBrecruitedCenrolledDadmitted【解析】根据句意应是研究者从11个托管中心征集了92个家庭，故选B。【答案】B24A.levelBstandardCyearsDdegree【解析】根据句意应是“受教育水平”，故A项正确。【答案】A25A.MoreoverBOverallCIn allDLuckily【解析】根据句意：总的来说，是一组接受过良好教育的中薪阶层的家庭。故B项正确。【答案】B26A.andBorCwithDwithout【解析】with的复合

51、结构“with名词现在分词”。【答案】C27A.speechBactionCexpressionDresponse【解析】根据语境可知，应是研究者们记录了他们所讲的话。故A项正确。【答案】A28A.publicationBversionCeditionDissue【解析】根据句意应是该研究结果将会在11月份发行的报刊中出现。故D项正确。【答案】D29A.recordedBmeasuredCincludedDestimated【解析】句意：科学家计算了家长们所用言语的数量。故B项正确。【答案】B30A.simplicityBcomplexityCeasinessDdifficulty【解析】句意

52、：按平均计算句子的使用的复杂程度和其他方面，父亲说的话比母亲少多了。故B项正确。【答案】B31A.OnBInCForDAt【解析】on average“按平均计算”，故A项正确。【答案】A32A.changeBspeakCdifferDspecialize【解析】根据句意：但他们在说话的长度或问问题的比例方面是不同的。A，改变；B，讲话；C，不同；D，专攻。故C项正确。【答案】C33A.videotapedBpredictedCcomparedDanalyzed【解析】根据句意：最后研究者运用标准的语言测试形式，认真分析了3岁小孩的语言。A，用磁带录制；B，预测；C，比较；D，分析。故D项正确

53、。【答案】D34A.valuesBscoresCstandardsDqualities【解析】根据句意：关于这次测试结果，得分最高的三项是母亲的教育水平、孩子自身在乎程度及父亲使用不同语言的数量。A，价值；B，分数；C，标准；D，质量，品质。故B正确。【答案】B35A.effectBintensityCqualityDstrength【解析】解析同上。A，影响；B，强度，强烈；C，质量，品质；D，力量，强项。故C项正确。【答案】C36A.awareBunawareCsureDunsure【解析】句意：研究者也不是很确信为什么是父亲的语言而不是母亲的语言对孩子有影响。A，意识到的；B，无意识的；

54、C，确信的；D，不确信的。故D项符合。【答案】D37A.understoodBconstitutedCestablishedDinformed【解析】It is well established that.“普遍认为，公认”A，理解；B，构成；C，建立；D，通知，告知。故选C。【答案】C38A.shouldBcouldChad toDused to【解析】根据语境不难得出，研究者推测出现上述结果的原因可能是“多功能”的母亲已经在孩子们的语言发展方面有很大的影响了。表可能性推测，故can正确。【答案】B39A.withBinCatDon【解析】have a/anadj.influence on“

55、对有影响”。故选D【答案】D40A.contributingBcultivatingCinstructingDenlightening【解析】根据句意：或者是在某种程度上，母亲对孩子语言发展的贡献在此研究中没有被发现。A项符合句意。【答案】A.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Just now, I entered the website “Topic for Today”. I feel 41._ (interest) in the report on middle school students using cellphones on campus. In fact, mo

56、re students now come to school 42. _cellphones. My schoolmates have different opinions. Some think 43._ is convenient to get in touch with others with the cellphone，44._ also makes them feel safe especially in time of trouble. Besides, it is nice to enjoy 45._(variety) functions of different cellpho

57、nes.Others think differently. First, the cellphone is not 46._ must in school, as there are some IC phones there，47._ (make) it easy to call others. Second, many students often play egames and send 48._ (message) with their cellphones，even in class, which will surely have bad effects on their study.

58、Whats more, a large amount of time and money will 49._ (waste)In my opinion, the cellphone is a useful tool in our daily life. But it doesnt mean we can use it 50._ (free)in school.【语篇解读】本文讨论了学生在校园使用手机的问题，关于这个话题，有两种截然不同的观点，支持方认为这方便学生的联系，让学生更有安全感，以及及时欣赏手机的各种功能；反对方认为过多使用手机影响学习。41interestedfeel interes

59、ted in“对感兴趣”，故填interested。42with很多学生带着手机去学校。故用with。43it本句结构It is形容词to do，it作形式主语，故填it。44which该句为非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作makes的主语，故用which。45various修饰名词用形容词，variety的形容词为various(各种各样的)，故填various。46a由于谓语为is，所以此处用a，a must“一件必需的事情”，故填a。47making现在分词短语在该句作结果状语，表示自然或者情理之中的结果，故用making。48messagesmessage为可数名词，根据本句表达的

60、信息可知，此处用复数形式messages。49be wastedtime和money与waste在逻辑上属于被动关系，故用被动语态be wasted。50freely。修饰动词use故用副词freely。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)It was extreme cold last Monday morning. While I was walking in my way to school, I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street. Seeing them are working so hard on such a

61、cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind do something for them. After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do. The next day, we got up early and preparing porridge at home. When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard wo

62、rk, they looked a little surprising at first. And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily. Since it was very cold, we all felt warm at that moment.【答案】It was cold last Monday morning. While I was walking my way to school, I noticed two street sweeping the street. Seeing them are working s

63、o hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind do something for them. After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates we could do. The next day, we got up early and porridge at home. When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed appreciation for their hard wor

64、k, they looked a little at first. And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily. it was very cold, we all felt warm at that moment.书面表达(满分25分) 【导学号：34422035】假如你叫李华，你校英语报社开辟了“Readers Voice”专栏，邀请读者针对一些热点问题发表自己的看法。请你以Should high school students study abroad during the holidays？为题，写一篇英语短文投稿。主要内

65、容包括：1分析高中生出国留学的利弊；2阐述你对此现象的看法。注意：1.词数100左右。开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Should high school students study abroad during the holidays?In recent years more and more high school students study abroad during the holidays._【参考范文】Should high school students study abroad during the holidays?In_recent_yea

66、rs_more_and_more_high_school_students_study_abroad_during_the_holidays.Studying abroad is beneficial to them. First of all, it will open their mind and enrich their experience. In addition, it is a good chance to learn new culture and make new friends, which can improve their communication skills. H

67、owever, it will take parents a lot of money to send their children abroad. And some students prefer traveling to learning. So it is a waste of money and absolutely not worthwhile.Personally, studying abroad can help students broaden their horizons and learn to be independent. But I think it will be better for them to study abroad when they are old enough to support themselves financially.