2018版高考英语（全国用）大一轮复习讲义 题库 语法专题 专题一 名词 WORD版含答案.docx

1、名词1. Poetry written from theof the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspectiveB.priorityC.participation D.privilege答案 A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:从城市青年的角度写的诗歌往往揭示他们因缺乏归属感而焦虑的现状。A项“角度”;B项“优先考虑的事”;C项“参加”;D项“特权”。根据句意可知选A项。2. With inspiration from other food cultures, Am

2、erican food culture can take a for the better.A.shareB.chanceC.turnD.lead答案 C 考查名词的固定搭配。句意:受到其他饮食文化的启发,美国饮食文化有望好转。take a turn for the better为固定短语,意为“好转”。3. Carbon dioxide, which makes abetween us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A.

3、differenceB.comparisonC.connectionD.barrier答案 D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:二氧化碳在我们和太阳之间设置了屏障,使得热量无法轻易从大气层散发出去,结果地球变得更暖和了。A项“不同,差别”;B项“比较”;C项“联系”;D项“障碍”。根据句意可知选D项。4. Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with.A.curiosityB.satisfactionC.envyD.patience答案 D 考查名词辨析。句意:无论我什么时候犯错误,老师都耐心地把它们指出来。curiosity意

4、思是“好奇”;satisfaction意思是“满意”;envy意思是“羡慕,嫉妒”;patience意思是“耐心”。根据句意,选D。5. Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from othersessential to their development.A.isB.areC.wasD.were答案 A 考查主谓一致。句意:一般说来,学生的内在动机和来自于他人的高期望值对他们的发展是必要的。此处考查主谓一致中的就前原则,除了with外,还有together with, along with, as well

5、as, but, except, rather than等。根据就前原则,谓语动词的数应与inner motivation一致,因此使用单数形式,排除B项和D项。然后根据generally确定使用一般现在时,因此答案为A。6. As the worlds population continues to grow,theof food becomes more and more of a concern.A.worthB.supplyC.packageD.list答案 B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着世界人口的持续增加,食物供应越来越受人们关注。worth价值,用途;supply供应;packa

6、ge包裹;list名单,清单。故选B。7. The accident caused someto my car, but its nothing serious.A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage答案 D 考查名词辨析。句意:这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。A项指各种伤害、危害。常构成do harm to结构;B项指伤口,多指人体上的伤害;C项表示毁灭;D项多用于物品的损坏,是可以复原的。故选D。8. While she was in Paris, she developed afor fine art.A.way B.relationC.taste

7、D.habit答案 C 考查名词辨析。句意:在巴黎时,她对美术产生了兴趣。way方法,道路;relation关系,亲戚;taste味道,品味,欣赏;habit习惯。根据句意选C。9 In order to protect the environment，people are greatly encouraged to travel by public_.AtransportBserviceCmeansDtransfer答案 A 句意：为了保护环境，人们被鼓励乘公交车。transport“交通，运输”；public transport“公共交通”，是固定搭配；service“服务”；means“

8、方法，方式”；transfer“转移，调动”。10Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.Aconsequence BindependenceCcompetence Dintelligence答案 C 句意：为了保持专业能力，老师们需要不断更新知识。consequence“结果，后果”；independence“独立，自主”；competence“能力，技能”；intelligence“智力，智慧”。11Theres a _ in our offic

9、e that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.AtraditionBbalanceCconcernDrelationship答案 A tradition“传统，惯例”；balance“天平，平衡”；concern“关心，挂念”；relationship“关系”。句意：在我们办公室里有一个传统，有人过生日，他们就会拿蛋糕与众人分享。根据句意A项正确。12Anyway，I cant cheat himits against all my _.Aemotions Bprinciples Cre

10、gulationsDopinions答案 B emotion“情感”；principle“原理，原则”；regulation“管理，规则”；opinion“观点，看法”。句意：无论如何，我不能欺骗他，那违背了我的处事原则。故选B项。13The lack of ecofriendly habits among the public is thought to be a major_of global climate change. Aresult Bcause CwarningDreflection答案 B result“结果”；cause“原因，理由”，常与介词of搭配，表示“的原因”；war

11、ning“警告，警报，先兆”；reflection“反应，反射”。由空前的“缺少生态环保的习惯”与空后的of global climate change可推知，此处应用cause表示“全球气候变化的原因”。句意：公众缺少生态环保的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。14Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big _， but now I know it was the best decision I have ever made.AprojectBcommitmentCcompetitionDambition答案

12、B 本题考查名词辨析。句意：放弃工作再回到全日制教育中去是一个很大的挑战，但是现在看来，那是我做出的最好的决定。project“工程”；commitment“重担，义务”；competition“竞争”；ambition“野心”。根据常识判断，一个不容易做的事情常被看作是一个挑战，一项难以完成的任务或一份重担。故B项符合句意。15Have you heard the traffic_that happened in Yatai Street last week?AaccidentBaffairCincidentDevent答案 A 根据句意可知应选A项，traffic accident意为“交通事故”。affair“事物，事件，私事”；incident“事件，事变”，用于表示突发事件或偶发事件；event“重要的事情，大事”。