2019-2020学年高中英语新教材必修第一册学案+作业：UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS SECTION Ⅳ WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Reading for Writing基础知识 预习自检在过去40年中世界上最强力的地震引发的海啸在昨日袭击了亚洲海岸，波及印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家，超过6,500人遇难。渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和车子都被震级高达9级的地震所引发的巨大海浪冲走。海平面下的震动在周日大约早上7点，开始于印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛的西海岸。仅在那个区域，至少就有1,870人遇难。据官方说法，在斯里兰卡，震中以西约1,600千米处，遇难人数高达2,498人，还有100万人受到海啸的影响。印度官方说，南部海岸多达1,900人遇难。另有254名遇难者在泰

2、国被找到，还有54名遇难者在其他三个国家被找到。据当地官员的说法，在泰国南部，1,900人受伤，有更多的人失联。“水冲过来的时候我正在和我的3个孩子吃早餐。我们必须舍弃一切东西赶紧跑到安全的地方。”一个名叫Chandra Theeravit的泰国当地妇女说道。数以千计的人仍然处于失踪状态，预计在接下来的几天死亡人数会继续上升。国际救援正在被组织起来去救助被海啸袭击的国家。然而，恶劣的条件和毁损的公路给运输食物和物资带来了困难。重点知识 合作探究The town was_swept_away in the earthquake. 城镇在那次地震中被毁灭了。He swept_the_leaves_

3、up into a pile.他把树叶扫成一堆。He swept_aside the papers on his desk to make room for the large book.他把桌上文件推开以便空出地方放那本大书。I want to make_a_clean_sweep_of everything Ive learnt and start afresh. 我要和以前学的那些东西一刀两断，一切从头开始。单句语法填空The flood swept _ all the furniture in the house.The cleaner was sweeping _ fallen le

4、aves on the ground when suddenly a car was driven towards him.Many pupils took brooms to the street to _ up the broken glasses.答案：awayupsweep2strike vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；罢课；袭击(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)be struck by/with 被击中；(引申义)被打动，迷恋It strikes sb. thatIt occurs to sb. that 某人突然想到str

5、ike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心strike sb. as (being) sth. 给某人(以)印象；让某人觉得 (2)be/go on strike 罢工The child ran into the road and was_struck_by a car.孩子跑到公路上被车撞了。He was_struck_by her youth and enthusiasm.她年轻热情，把他迷住了。It_suddenly_struck_me how we could improve the situation.我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。Half of the workfo

6、rce are now (out) on_strike.现在有半数员工罢工。(1)单句语法填空The visitors _ (strike) by the beauty of the tourist area.A wonderful idea _ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.答案：were struckstruck(2)单句写作_ (使我印象最深的是) was the enthusiasm of the local people.答案：What struck me most3deliver vt.& vi. 递送；

7、传达vt. 发表(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)deliver sth. to sb./sth. 把递送给deliver a speech 发表演说deliver a baby 接生婴儿(2)delivery n. 投递；送货；分娩(2018全国卷)Once his message was_delivered,_he allowed me to stay and watch.一旦他的信息被传递出去，他就允许我留下来观察。They delivered_food_to an isolated village.他们把食物送到一座偏僻的村庄。The president will deliver_a_spe

8、ech about schools.总统将就学校问题发表讲话。Her husband had to deliver_the_baby. 她丈夫不得不接生孩子。(1)单句语法填空Do you want to get this book _ (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?In the end, it was an easy _ (deliver): a fine baby boy.答案：delivereddelivery(2)单句写作The headmaster _ (

9、发表重要演说) at the meeting yesterday which left a deep impression on his students.答案：delivered an important speechHer criticisms had_the_effect_of_discouraging him completely.她批评的结果是使他完全丧失了信心。The recommendations will soon be_put_into_effect.这些建议即将付诸实施。The aspirins soon take_effect.阿司匹林药片见效很快。In_effect,_

10、well be earning less than we were last year.实际上，我们的收入会比去年少。(1)单句语法填空Teachers words and deeds have a great effect _ their students.Our government has taken _ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving.答案：oneffective(2)单句写作阅读传统文化的书籍会对儿童有良好的影响。Reading books of traditional culture can _ the children.据报道本规

11、则自2020年5月1日起生效。Its reported that this regulation will _ from May 1, 2020.答案：have a good effect oncome into effect学习效果 随堂演练.单词拼写1The police said the clash was a sequel to yesterdays nationwide _ (罢工). 答案：strike2A girl was killed yesterday in a _ (撞车)答案：crash3A man in the water was shouting and _ (挥手)

12、his arms around frantically.答案：waving4The showroom had been emptied and _ (打扫) up.答案：swept5The Canadians plan to _ (投递) more food to southern Somalia.答案：deliver.单句语法填空1His bad conduct had an effect _ his reputation.答案：on2The snake usually reaches a _ (long) of 100 cm.答案：length3More than half of the

13、workers have been _ strike already.答案：on4The following is a _ (summarize) of our conclusions.答案：summary5On QingMing festival, people usually visit their ancestors graves to sweep _ the dirt. 答案：away.单句写作1杰西卡看到露易丝，向她挥手。Jessica caught sight of Lois and _.答案：waved to her2那座桥有200米长。 _ the bridge is 200

14、metres. 答案：The length of3多达100,000人观看了这场拳击赛。 _ 100,000 people watched the boxing game. 答案：As many as4这次地震死亡的人数还在增长。 _ deaths from the earthquake is still increasing.答案：The number of5他一挥手把眼镜碰到地上摔碎了。With a _ of his hand he sent the glasses _ to the floor.答案：sweep; crashing课后课时作业阅读理解AOne Sunday, Nichol

15、as, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didnt have food, water, a phone, or

16、 other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic (惊慌). He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding

17、him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didnt, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he p

18、iled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he couldhe h

19、uddled in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldnt find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunte

20、er searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls survival show Man Vs. Wild. Thats where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode of Man Vs. Wild, Grylls is

21、abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Nicholas遇见了暴风雪，他根据电视节目Man Vs. Wild中Grylls所教的求生技巧挽救了自己的生命。1W

22、hat happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?AHe got lost.BHe broke his skis.CHe hurt his eyes.DHe caught a cold.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone！”可知Nicholas在暴风雪里迷路了。故选A。2How did Nicholas keep himself warm?AHe found a shelter.BHe kept on skiing.CHe built a snow cave

23、.DHe lighted some branches.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知为了自救，Nicholas挖了一个雪洞，然后把树枝堆在身上保暖。故选C。3On Tuesday, Nicholas _.Areturned to his shelter safelyBwas saved by a searcherCgot stuck in the snowDstayed where he was答案：B细节理解题。根据第六段中的“On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when

24、 a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.”可知在星期二，他被志愿者发现并获救了。故选B。4Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _.Adid the right things in the dangerous situationBwatched Grylls TV program regularlyCcreated some tips for survivalDwas very hardwor

25、king答案：A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Nicholas根据电视节目Man Vs. Wild中Grylls所教的求生技能挽救了自己的生命。这让Grylls印象深刻。这是因为一个小男孩在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，故选A。1fierce adj. 猛烈的；狂热的2accidentally adv. 偶然地3huddle vi. 挤在一起n. 挤在一起的人4abandon vt. 遗弃1a huge mass of 一大堆2stay alive 活下去BTerrible disasters in the last 50 or 100 years have become increa

26、singly common.Over the last 30 years, the number of weatherrelated disasters has increased quickly, and the disasters have also affected more people and caused more economic loss. However, much of this could be avoided through disaster risk reduction (DRR降低灾难风险)A meeting, held in Sendai, Japan last

27、month, opened one day after Cyclone Pam (飓风帕姆) hit Vanuatu, which struck the islands with winds of up to 340 km/h and destroyed the island nation. The speech by the President of Vanuatu was given shortly after that. He begged the international community for support and stronger commitment (承诺) to he

28、lping them manage climate and disaster risks. In the face of disasters, it is always the developing countries that suffer most. Damage in these countries is often worse and unluckily, there is limited money and technique to prevent these disasters.In fact， we have seen Asian countriesespecially thos

29、e that have suffered a lot in disasters cant pay the price. Great loss Asia has suffered comes to a total of almost 53 billion yearly over the past 20 years.At the same time, studies have shown once again that proper prevention saves lives and damage.With this in mind, people at the Sendai meeting w

30、ere able to come up with new agreements that effective ways of disaster risk reduction will be carried out in the coming years for those who easily get damaged in disasters.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。现在自然灾害迅速增长危害着人们的生活和经济发展，但这些可以通过人们的关注和制定有效措施避免和减少。5According to the first paragraph, disasters _.Acan all be preve

31、ntedBhave become more frequentCare all weatherrelated onesDaffect fewer people than before答案：B细节理解题。根据第一句可知，在过去的50或100年中，可怕的灾害变得日益常见。故选B项。6We can know from the passage that _.Athe Sendai meeting was held one day after a cyclone hit VanuatuBVanuatu was terribly destroyed by an earthquakeCthe presiden

32、t of Vanuatu begged his country to prevent the disasterDVanuatu is a small island in Japan答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在飓风帕姆袭击瓦努阿图后第二天，日本仙台就举行了一个会议。故选A项。7When a disaster happens, which of the following countries will suffer most?AJapan.BAmerica.CVietnam. DBritain.答案：C推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，灾难面前，总是发展中国家遭受损失最大。选项

33、中Vietnam(越南)是发展中国家。故选C项。8Which of the following can be the title of this news report?AProper ways that save lives and damage have come upBThe Sendai meeting has made new commitmentsCNatural disasters have become more commonDSome natural disasters can be reduced and avoided答案：D标题判断题。第一段最后一句是本文的主旨句，由此

34、句可知，多数的生命和财产损失可以通过降低灾难风险来避免。故选D项。1increasingly adv. 越来越多地；不断增加地2agreement n. 协定；同意1in the face of 面对2in fact 事实上；实际上，其实七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone dreams. If youve ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, youre not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense

35、 of dreams since recorded history. _1_Here are some of the findings. _2_People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and about blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they cant get around.Youve got a heart problem. People who have frequent nightmares may

36、be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, its more difficult for you to breathe at night. _3_Youre avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave? This could indicate that youre

37、 afraid to deal with something in your daily life. _4_Youll have a good result in a test. Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during the sleep. _5_ This improves learning and problemsolving skills.Despite the fact that technology has vastly expanded our

38、 understanding of dreaming, much of what occurs when were asleep remains as it has always been: a mystery.AHow creative you are. BDreaming may strengthen memories.CWhat kind of problem solver you are.DWhat can our dreams tell about ourselves?EHow can we understand better about ourselves?FThat explai

39、ns why you cannot have a sound sleep.GAsk yourself what issue or emotion youre faced with.1D根据空格后的“Here are some of the findings.”及下文介绍的通过做梦分析自身的内容可知，D项“我们的梦能告诉关于我们自身的什么东西？”符合语境。2A根据设空处所在的位置及文章的结构可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合空格后的“People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and abo

40、ut blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they cant get around.”可知，有创造力的人更有可能梦到不寻常的场景和自然界中的障碍，比如他们无法避开的原木或石头。据此可知，该段主要说明了梦能反映人们的创造力，故A项正确。3F根据设空处前一句“If you have those problems, its more difficult for you to breathe at night.”可知，如果你有这些问题，晚上呼吸就会更困难；据此可知，F项“这就解释了你为什么不能睡好觉”承接上文，符合语境。4G根据设空处前一句“This could indicate that youre afraid to deal with something in your daily life.”可知，这可能表明你害怕在日常生活中处理一些事情。故G项“问问你自己，你面临的问题或情绪是什么”符合语境。5B根据设空处后一句“This improves learning and problemsolving skills.”可知，这提高了学习和解决问题的技能；且本段主题句是你考试会有好的结果，之后部分都是做梦对考试结果的帮助，据此可知，B项“做梦可以增强人的记忆力”符合语境。- 12 - 版权所有高考资源网