2019-2020同步外研英语必修一新突破讲义：MODULE 3 SECTION Ⅲ　GRAMMAR——过去分词作定语.doc

1、Section Grammar过去分词作定语&一般过去时的时间状语语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.We ate great meals cooked by experts！2.We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.3.For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies, and returned with wool and other products.4.One night, at about midni

2、ght, I watched the night sky for about an hour.5.A hundred and fifty years ago, they brought some camels from Afghanistan.6.In 1925, they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem.1.例句中的过去分词(短语)在句中作定语。2.例句中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的前面；例句中为过去分词短语作定语，应放在被修饰名词的后面。3.例句中的时

3、态为一般过去时，都和表示过去的时间状语连用。一、过去分词作定语1过去分词作定语的位置单个过去分词作定语时， 通常置于被修饰词之前， 但修饰代词时， 需要置于被修饰词之后。 过去分词短语作定语， 常置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。This novel was once the most widely read book in high schools in the United States.这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。What do you think of the play put on(which was put on)by the students?你觉得学生们演的戏剧怎

4、么样？The Olympic Games, first held(which were first held) in 776 BC, did not allow women to take part until 1900.奥运会举办于公元前776年， 直到1900年才允许女性参加。名师点津(1)有些单个的过去分词作定语时， 通常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。如left(剩下的， 剩余的), concerned(有关的)等。There is little time left.Lets hurry up.剩余时间不多了， 咱们快点吧。(2)有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化， 常见的这

5、类过去分词有： disappointed(失望的), moved(感动的), interested(感兴趣的), surprised(感到惊讶的), shocked(震惊的， 震撼的), puzzled(迷惑不解的), frightened(受惊吓的)等。2过去分词作定语的意义及物动词的过去分词作定语， 既表示完成也表示被动， 不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成。Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.被邀请到会的大部分艺术家来自南非。 (表被动、 完成)He sat there, looking up

6、at the risen sun.他坐在那里， 仰望着已升起的太阳。(表示完成)名师点津过去分词(短语)作定语表示被动或完成；现在分词(短语)作定语表示主动或动作正在进行；现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语表示被动和动作正在进行；不定式作定语表示将来的动作。China is a developing country, not a developed country.中国是一个发展中国家， 而不是一个发达国家。Have you read the novel written by Dickens?你读过狄更斯写的这部小说吗？Nobody knows the topic to be di

7、scussed tomorrow.没有人知道我们明天将要讨论的话题。即时演练1单句语法填空The lost(lose) time can never be found again.The problem being discussed(discuss) now has something to do with our work.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps borrowed (borrow) from the library.二、一般过去时的时间状语1一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或者某一段时间发生的动作或者状态。常与then, at th

8、at time, just now, a moment ago, the other day, in the past, at one time, three days ago, last year, yesterday, in 2017等时间状语连用。Tom wanted to help us yesterday, but he was very busy.汤姆昨天想帮助我们，但他太忙了。2表示过去的习惯动作， 常与often, always, usually等表示频度的时间状语连用。During his middle school years, he played football nea

9、rly every day.他在中学时代几乎天天踢足球。3有些情况， 没有明确的表示过去的时间状语， 但可根据语境判断出动作发生在过去， 应用过去时态。I didnt know you were in Paris.我事先不知道你在巴黎。Your phone number again, please.I didnt quite catch it.请再说一遍你电话号码。我没有听清楚。即时演练2单句语法填空When I was young, I often went (go) to school on foot.He was writing (write) a novel last month.I

10、wonder whether it has been finished.I rang (ring) him several times this morning, but no one answered (answer) the phone.单句语法填空1The polluted (pollute) air is bad for our health.2Einstein often played(play)the violin when he was at home after work.3The man talking (talk) to our headmaster just now is

11、 our new teacher.4The part played (play) by women in our society is very important.5A big fire destroyed (destroy) the whole forest last year.6The tower being built (built) now in the distance will be completed in two months.7We planned to have our picnic in the forest next to a fallen (fall) tree.8When I got on the bus, I realized (realize) I had left my wallet at home.9In the past some people used trained (train) monkeys to make money, travelling from one place to another.10There are still many problems to be solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.