2019-2020同步译林英语必修一新突破讲义：UNIT 2 SECTION Ⅳ　LANGUAGE POINTS（Ⅱ） （WORD POWERGRAMMAR AND USAGE .doc

1、Section Language points()(Word power，Grammar and usage & Task).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1We do not have the freedom(自由)to do just what we like.2Fruit juice does harm(伤害)to childrens teeth.3You looked worried(担心的)Whats the matter?4We insisted on him coming to the meeting.5The thing has been handled succ

2、essfully.6Boys wearing long hair is forbidden in our school.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1argue v辩论，争论argument n争吵，辩论；论点，论据2patient adj.有耐心的patience n耐心3annoy vt.使生气，恼火annoyed adj.愤怒的，生气的annoying adj.令人生气的，使人恼火的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1stay up不睡觉，熬夜2after all毕竟3mix up混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和4insist on坚持，坚持认为5at present现在.选词填空选用

3、上述短语的适当形式填空。1Sometimes he is mixed up with his brother，for they are twins.2They stayed up all night discussing questions.3I dont want to go to Shanghai for further education at present4He insisted on going alone by himself.背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.I hate it when that happens！我讨厌发生这事！it是形式宾语，when that happen

4、s是真正的宾语。Everyone hates it when people smoke in public places. 每个人都讨厌在公共场所吸烟。2.Sometimes he acts as if he doesnt love us at all.有时他表现得好像一点也不爱我们。as if“似乎，好像”，引导状语从句。The girl stood at the door as if she was waiting for someone.女孩站在门口，似乎在等人。3.Also，every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me

5、to spend more time studying.而且，每次我看DVD的时候，他就打发我上床睡觉或告诉我要多花些时间学习。every time“每次”，引导时间状语从句。Every time we make mistakes in our homework，we will correct them in time.每次我们在作业中出错时，我们总是将其立即改正。 stay up不睡觉，熬夜(教材P34)I studied a lot yesterday and stayed up very late.昨天我学了很多，熬夜到很晚。stay away from远离，不接近(某人)stay be

6、hind 留下来stay in待在家里，不外出stay on继续留下来工作/学习stay out待在外面，不在家Many girls prefer to stay in during the weekend.在周末很多女孩更愿意待在家里。He resigned as chairman，but stayed on as an instructor.他辞去了主席职务，但留下来做指导。The doctor told him to stay away from fat food.医生告诉他不要吃油腻的食品。Anybody who hasnt passed the exam is to stay beh

7、ind after school.凡是考试没及格的人放学后留下来。 handle vt.处理；应付 n把手，柄(教材P34)I dont know how to handle this.我不知道如何应对这件事(1)handle oneself控制自己(的行为)handle well/badly容易/不容易操纵(2)get a handle on sth.开始掌握/了解某事The car handles well，even on wet roads.这辆汽车很好开，即使在湿滑的路上也没问题。You must know how to handle yourself(you)in this busi

8、ness.你必须知道在这件事上该如何把握自己。Its difficult to get a handle on how widespread this problem is.很难了解这个问题的普遍程度。 mix up混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和(教材P34)Miss Xu made an error and mixed up my results with someone elses!徐老师出了差错，把我的成绩和别人的弄混了。(1)mix sth.with sth.把某物与某物混合起来mix with sth.与某物相融合mix.up with.把和搞混了mix.together把拌在一起(2)mi

9、xture n.混合；混合物First mix the butter and sugar together，then add the milk.先把黄油和糖搅拌匀，然后加牛奶。We can sometimes mix business with pleasure.我们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来。As we know，oil does not mix with water.众所周知，油不溶于水。It is three months before our class becomes a mixture(mix)of youth and joy.三个月之后我们班成为了一个充满了朝气和快乐的综合体。名

10、师点津mix up中的up为副词，当其宾语是代词时，代词须放在mix和up的中间。mix up是“v.up”构成的动词短语。我们学过类似结构的动词短语还有：give up放弃go up上升grow up长大hurry up赶快put up建立，张贴turn up调大；出现 insist vi.坚持，坚持认为(教材P35)Recently，he has been refusing to do his homework，and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music.最近，他一

11、直拒绝做家庭作业，并且一直把时间浪费在看DVD和听外国音乐上。(1)insist vi.坚持，坚持认为；坚决要求，坚决主张insist on/upon doing sth.坚持做/坚决做某事(2)insist作“坚持要求，坚决主张”讲时，其宾语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气，即“(should)动词原形”；作“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句谓语用陈述语气。If you insist on leaving now，please go ahead.如果你现在一定要走，那就请便吧。He insisted that he hadnt done anything wrong and that he(should)b

12、e set free.他坚持认为他没有做错任何事并且坚决要求释放他。He insisted that we (should)attend(attend)the lecture.他坚持要求我们参加这次讲座。She insisted that he was(be)wrong.她坚持认为他错了。名师点津(1)suggest也有相似的用法。意为“表明，暗示”时，后面的从句用陈述语气；意为“建议”时，后面的从句用虚拟语气。(2)后面的从句用虚拟语气的动词有：一坚持insist；二命令order，command；三建议advise，suggest，propose；四要求demand，require，req

13、uest，ask。 (教材P35)At present，to prevent upsetting his mother with an argument，I am allowing him his freedom.现在，为了避免争吵使他的妈妈难过，我允许他自由。(1)at present现在，目前(相当于now)(1)at the present time目前，现在for the present暂时，眼下(相当于for the time being)up to the present至今(相当于so far)(2)present n.礼物，现在adj.现在的；出席的，到场的vt.呈现；送礼；赠

14、送present sb.with sth.present sth.to sb.呈现给某人某物，赠予某人某物Lets stop doing it for the present.让我们暂时停一下工作吧。They presented flowers to their teachers on the Teachers Day.They presented their teachers with flowers on the Teachers Day.在教师节他们向老师送了花。Up to the present，weve had no news about him.我们至今还没有他的消息。I am b

15、usy at the present time；can I phone you later?我现在正忙着，晚些时候我打电话给你行吗？名师点津present adj.表示“出席的，到场的”“存在的”时在句中主要用作表语，用作定语，一般须后置。表示“现在的，目前的，现行的”“正在处理或讨论中的”时只用作前置定语。(2)argument n争吵，辩论；论点，论据(1)have an argument with sb.about/over sth.因某事而与某人发生争吵或争论get into an argument with sb.与某人发生争吵或争论beyond argument无可争辩(2)arg

16、ue v. 争吵；争论；说理；论证；说服argue with sb.about/over sth.因而与争吵argue for/against(doing) sth.为支持或反对(做)某事而辩论argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做或不做某事I had an argument with my friend about a math problem.我和朋友因为一道数学题而争论了起来。Mary and her husband are always arguing about/over how to handle their children.玛丽和她丈夫总是在如

17、何对待孩子上争吵。He argued me into joining(join) in the party.他说服我参加聚会。They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday.他们彼此争论关于度假的最好的地方。语境助记He argued against smoking，and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.At last，he argued us out of smoking.他反对吸烟，并且坚持认为吸烟有

18、害健康是无可争辩的。最后，他说服我们不再吸烟了。 worried adj.担心的，担忧的(教材P35)However，I am worried that if I keep allowing him to do what he wants，he may fail at school，or worse.然而，我担心的是，如果一直让他去做他想做的事，他在学校可能会不及格，甚至更糟。(1)担心(2)worry v担心，为发愁；(使)困扰，(使)烦恼 n. 烦恼，忧虑；令人忧伤的人(事)worry about 担心(3)worrying adj. 令人担忧的People are becoming in

19、creasingly worried about pollution.人们对污染变得越来越忧虑。The way ahead is full of ups and downs，but that doesnt worry us.前进的道路并不平坦，但是我们不怕。I dont think you need to worry about this.我认为你不必为这事担心。It is the most worrying(worry)day he has ever spent.那是他曾经度过的最令人担忧的一天。名师点津worried与worrying的区别worried修饰人、人的声音、表情等，在句中作定

20、语、表语、补语等；而worrying则意为“令人焦虑的，令人担心的”，修饰物。 harm vt.&n.伤害(教材P35)How can I help my son without harming our relationship?我如何才能帮助我的儿子而又不伤害我们的关系呢？(1) harm sb./sth.do harm to sb./sth.对某人/物造成损害，损害某人/物(2)harmful adj. 有害的，导致损害的be harmful to. 对有害(3)harmless adj. 无害的Staying up constantly can harm your health.Stay

21、ing up constantly can do harm to your health.Staying up constantly can be harmful to your health.经常熬夜有损健康。The harmful(harm)chemicals build up in our bodies and one day they will do harm to our health.这些有害的化学物质在我们的身体里逐渐积累，最后它们会对我们的健康造成伤害。明辨异同harm/injure/hurt/wound多指给人的精神、健康等带来损害或引起不安、不便多指意外事故带来伤害、使受伤

22、；还可指伤害名誉、自尊等一般用词，可指伤害精神、肉体、感情等，还可表示身体部位的“疼、痛”多指在战争、搏斗中用武器伤害身体某部位harm，injure，hurt，woundHe may look rude，but he means no harmI was deeply hurt by what he said just now.He injured himself in the car accident last week.He was wounded in the arm during the war. patience n耐心(教材P36)With a little bit of pat

23、ience and communication，many of these problems can be solved.多一点耐心与交流，很多问题都会迎刃而解。(1)with patience耐心地lose/run out of patience with sb.对某人失去耐心have (little/no) patience with sb.对某人(没)有耐心have the patience to do sth.有耐心去做某事(2)patient adj.耐心的 n.病人be patient with.对有耐心(3)patiently adv.耐心地You should have pat

24、ience with children.对待儿童要有耐心。Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers help us patiently.无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难，我们的老师都耐心帮助我们。This matter has to be handled with patience.这种事必须耐心地加以处理。I wouldnt have the patience to sit(sit) reading all day.我可没有耐心整天坐着阅读。语境助记We should take care of our patients with

25、 patience；that is，we should be patient with them.我们应该耐心地照顾病人，也就是说，我们应该对他们有耐心。 annoyed adj.愤怒的，生气的(教材P37)My father gets annoyed if I play foreign music.如果我听国外音乐，我父亲就会很生气。(1)be annoyed with sb.生某人的气be annoyed at/about sth.对某事恼火be annoyed to do sth.因做某事而恼火be annoyed that.因而生气(2)annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气annoying

26、 adj.令人讨厌的，恼人的Im very much annoyed about what I heard.听到的事让我很生气。He was annoyed with his son because he didnt devote himself to his study.他生儿子的气因为他不专心学习。He was annoyed to find(find)himself going red.他因为发现自己脸红而恼火。He may be naughty and annoying(annoy)，but he is a good boy for all that.尽管他淘气又惹人讨厌，但他还是一个

27、好孩子。 forbid vt.(forbade，forbidden)禁止(教材P37)He even forbids me from chatting with my friends in the Internet cafe!他甚至禁止我在网吧与朋友聊天！forbid sb.禁止某人做某事forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事My doctor has forbidden me sugar.医生禁止我吃糖。Women in the old days were forbidden from taking part in or even watchin

28、g the games.古代禁止妇女参加甚至观看比赛。The new law forbids smoking(smoke)in offices.新规定禁止在办公室抽烟。The teacher forbade us to leave(leave) our seats.老师不准我们离开座位。名师点津forbid后接名词、代词及动名词作宾语，但是不接不定式作宾语，不定式可以作宾语补足语。 (教材P35)Sometimes he acts as if he doesnt love us at all.有时他表现得好像一点也不爱我们。【要点提炼】as if(as though)“似乎，好像”，在句中引导

29、方式状语从句。as if/though的具体用法如下：(1)当as if/though跟在be/feel/look/seem/sound等系动词之后时，引导的是表语从句。(2)如果as if/though引导的从句描述的情况是真实的，则从句用陈述语气；如果从句的内容是不真实的，则从句用虚拟语气。若从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句用一般过去时(be动词用were)；若从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时；若表示与将来事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could/might动词原形。It looks as if/though its going to rain.看起来，天要下雨

30、了。He likes to talk big as if he were an important person.他老爱说大话，就仿佛他是一位重要人物似的。He talks about Rome as if he had been(be)there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。I remember the whole thing as if/though it happened (happen)yesterday.我记得整个事情，就好像它是发生在昨天一样。 (教材P37)Also，every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or

31、 tells me to spend more time studying.而且，每次我看DVD的时候，他就打发我上床睡觉或告诉我要多花些时间学习。【要点提炼】every time用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句。each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)等名词词组皆可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句。Each time I meet him，he always tries to borrow money from me.每当我遇到他，他总企图向我借钱。Ill tell

32、him about it the next time I see him.我下一次见到他时，就把这个情况告诉他。You can call me any time you want to.你随时都可以给我打电话。The first(one)time I met him，he was playing basketball.我第一次见他时，他正在打篮球。名师点津every time，each time，any time 前不用冠词，(the) next time，(the) last time 中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。引导时间状语从句，上述词组后不再加连

33、词。.单句语法填空1People should be forbidden to smoke(smoke)in public places.2Ive had just about enough of those annoying(annoy) matters.3A doctor should be patient with his/her patients.4Dont you think smoking is harmful(harm)to health?5Everyone is worried about your health after your operation.6I still ca

34、nt tell you what he wants at present.7The man insisted on/upon finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.8The boy was found to mix milk with water.9Shes very good at handling(handle)her patients.10Ill make this computer work even if I have to stay up all night.完成句子1他妈妈为家里的每个人担心。His

35、 mother worries_about each member of the family.2那个小孩像大人似地与我们说话。The child talked to us as if he_were a grownup.3妈妈鼓励我，坚持要我继续受教育。My mother encouraged me and insisted that I(should)continue my education.4对不起，我把你们的名字搞混了。Im sorry I have_mixed_up your names.5我第一次见到他时，他还是个小伙子。He was a boy the_first_time I met him.