2019-2020同步译林英语选修七新突破讲义：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅱ　LANGUAGE POINTS （Ⅰ） （WELCOME TO THE UNIT .doc

1、Section Language Points ()(Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Ill go to Guangzhou via (经过) Nanjing，where Ill drop in on a friend of mine.2“I cant bear it，” the receptionist said in a choked (哽咽的) voice.3I didnt know its update interval (间隔) could even be one day.4The scientists are

2、 still working on inventing methods of reaching outer (外部的) space.5Theyve enlarged (扩大) the kitchen by building over part of the garden.6Excited by the Prime Ministers words，he couldnt find words to convey his feelings at that time.7Because of the heavy fog，all the flights have been postponed till f

3、urther notice.8He divided the field into different sections，where different vegetables were grown.9His father was one of the architects who designed the Nanpu Bridge.10They held a party to celebrate their wedding anniversary.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1large adj.大的enlarge vt.& vi.扩大，扩展，增大2grow v增长，增大；成长，生长

4、growth n增加，增长；成长，生长3fortune n运气，(尤指)好运fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunately adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地4believe v相信believable adj.可信的，真实存在的unbelievable adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的5own v拥有 adj.属于自己的owner n主人ownership n所有权，产权enadj.v.n.shipn.enable v使能够，使有机会ensure v保证，确保enrich v丰富，使富足friendship n友谊，友情r

5、elationship n关系scholarship n奖学金.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1pick up(开车)去接人；捡起；无意中学会2drop off中途下客或卸货3lead to导致4link up联合，连接5at (.) intervals每隔距离或时间6accelerate the pace of加速的步伐 7function as.起作用8in honour of为纪念；为了向表示敬意.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.2With more advanced te

6、chnologies，they accelerated the pace of their construction.3Do you know that the London Underground ever functioned as bomb shelters during the Second World War?4The newly built expressway links up the two big cities，making the communication between the cities more frequent than ever.5Shall we have

7、a party in honour of his narrow escape?v.up动词短语v.off动词短语fill up 填补；装满finish up 结束；完成fix up 修补，修理好；解决give off 发出或放出(蒸气等)keep off 避开；不让接近let off 放(炮)；开(枪)；宽恕背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Between 1918 and 1938，many new stations were constructed，the most famous of which were designed by an architect named Charles Ho

8、lden.在1918年到1938年间，很多新车站建了起来，其中最著名的是名叫查尔斯霍尔登的建筑师负责设计的。“the形容词最高级ofwhich”引导非限制性定语从句。I have read three books this month，the most interesting of which is the one written by Mo Yan. 本月我已读过三本书，其中最有趣的一本是莫言写的。2.So，why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today？那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？why not

9、do .“为什么不做”，是提建议的一种表达方式。Why not turn to your English teacher for advice？为什么不向你的英语老师征求意见呢？3.What was the London Underground like in 1863? 1863年伦敦的地铁状况怎么样？What is/was sth./sb.like? 意为“某物/某人是什么样子？”What is the climate like in his hometown? 他家乡的气候怎么样？ drop off 中途下客或卸货；下降；打瞌睡(教材P49)They pick up and drop o

10、ff people at different stops on the route.它们在沿途不同的站点上下客。drop in (on sb./at sp.)顺便拜访某人/走访某地drop out退学，辍学；退出，脱离drop away离开；散去drop by顺便来访drop behind落在后面Her long illness caused her to drop behind the rest of the class.她长时间生病使她落在同学的后面。I just dropped by to see how you were getting on.我只是顺道来看看你过得怎样。Youll n

11、ever go to college if you drop out of high school.如果高中辍学，你就永远不能上大学了。You left your jacket，but I can drop it off on my way to work tomorrow.你忘了拿你的夹克衫，不过我可以在明天上班的路上顺便捎给你。 convey vt.运送，输送；表达(教材P50)Horsedrawn buses，trams，cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre.用马拉的公共汽车

12、、有轨电车、出租车和四轮马车被用来送人们到市中心和周围地区。convey sb./sth.from A to B把某人或某物从A地送到B地convey sth.to sb. 向某人表达convey ones feelings/ideas 表达感情/想法I find it hard to convey my feelings in words but I still want to express my thanks.我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情，但我仍然想表达我的感激之情。Your luggage will be conveyed(convey) to the hotel by taxi so

13、on.你的行李不久将由出租车送到酒店。We conveyed our goods from here to markets in an old truck.我们用一辆旧卡车把货物从这里运往市场。图形助记巧记convey运输表达感情 unfortunately adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地(教材P50)Unfortunately，the number of vehicles on the road caused unbelievable traffic jams，and the roads became so busy that no one could travel anywhere.不幸的

14、是，路上车辆的数量造成了难以置信的交通堵塞，道路交通变得如此拥挤以至于任何地方都无人能够通行。(1)unfortunate adj.不幸的，令人遗憾的be unfortunate to do sth. 做某事很倒霉It is unfortunate that. 不幸的是；可惜的是(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地(4)fortune n. 运气；大笔的钱It is unfortunate that you missed the meeting.真可惜，你没参加那次会议。He was unfortunate to lose(lose) in

15、the final round.他不幸在最后一轮输了。Unfortunately(fortunate)，she missed the last train.真可惜，她错过了最后一班列车。 lead to导致；引起；通向(教材P50)This traffic problem led to the development of the underground system.这一交通问题导致了地铁系统的研发。lead sb.to.带领某人去/到lead sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事A nurse took her arm and led her to a chair.有位护士搀扶她坐到椅

16、子上。This award was an important step forward for Beckham，and it led to him going(go) for a visit to a football training camp in Spain.这次获奖是贝克汉姆向前迈出的重要一步，使他有机会去西班牙一个足球训练营受训。This has led scientists to speculate(speculate) on the existence of other galaxies.这就使得科学家推测还有其他星系存在。名师点津lead to 作“导致；引起”讲时，表示因果关

17、系，与result in/ cause/ bring about/ contribute to意义相近，其中to为介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式。 postpone vt.延迟，延期(教材P50)However，new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money，so the digging was postponed until 1860.然而，新火车需要研发，该计划需要筹集大笔资金，因此挖掘工作一直延迟到1860年。postpone sth.(to/until/till.

18、)推迟某事(到)postpone doing sth. 推迟做某事The concert has been postponed to/until/till Saturday.音乐会被延迟到了星期六。It was an unpopular decision to postpone building(build) the new hospital.延迟修建新医院的决定是不得人心的。We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th.我们把比赛从3月5日推迟到了3月19日。名师点津表示“推迟，延迟”的postpone，delay，put off后都

19、跟名词、动名词作宾语，不接不定式。 link up联合，连接(教材P50)Sixteen years later，in 1884，the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided underground service in the middle of the city.十六年后的1884年，大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合，为城市中部地区提供地铁服务。(1)link up with与联合，(使)与连接link.with/to.将和联系或连接起来(2)l

20、ink n.链环，连接物，链接vt.连接，联合vi.连接起来People often link Chinese Valentines Day with Niulang and Zhin.人们常把七夕节与牛郎和织女联系起来The island is linked to/with the mainland by a new bridge.一座新桥将该岛与大陆相连。These systems can link up with the outside world through the drivers mobile phone.这些系统可以通过驾驶者的移动电话连接外部世界。 (教材P50)Becaus

21、e of the smoke from the steam engines，early underground lines needed large holes leading to the surface at regular intervals，so that people could get fresh air and would not choke由于蒸汽机发出浓烟，早期的地铁线需要每隔一段距离挖一些通向地面的大洞，这样人们就能呼吸新鲜空气而不会窒息。(1)interval n间隔，间隙at (.) intervals每隔距离或时间；有时；间隔at regular intervals

22、每隔一定时间Buses to the city leave at regular intervals.开往城里的公共汽车每隔一定时间发出一班。At intervals a bell rings and workers stop for a drink.铃声隔一段时间响起，工人们停下来喝口水。(2)choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞 n哽咽声，呛住的声音choke on sth.被噎住choke to death窒息死亡choke up因感情激动而哽咽choke sth.up with sth.塞满；堵塞She choked up when she began to

23、talk about her mother.她开始谈起她母亲时，便哽咽的说不出话来。He was choking on a piece of toast when I came into his room.当我进入他的房间时，他正被一块烤面包噎得喘不过气来。Her bag is often choked up with junk food.她的包里常常塞满垃圾食品。 function as 起作用，作用( serve as)(教材P51)When London was bombed，many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters.当伦

24、敦被炸弹炸了之后，许多地铁站被用作避难所。(1)function vi.起作用；正常工作；运转n.(事物的)功能；作用；(人的)职责function key功能键(2)functional adj.功能的；实用的；起作用的The computer doesnt function properly.这台电脑不能正常运转。She functioned as an assistant to the general manager in a company.她在一家公司里担任总经理助理。The furniture is not fancy，just functional(function)这些家具不是

25、摆着好看的，只是为了实用。 enlarge vt.& vi.扩大，扩展，增大；放大(照片)(教材P51)After World War ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground，so the system was enlarged and more lines were added，including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.1945年第二次世界大战结束之后，更多的人乘坐地铁；因此地铁系统扩大，增加了

26、更多的线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它几乎在每一个地铁站都与其他线路连接。enlarge the photograph/picture放大照片enlarge ones vocabulary扩大词汇量enlarge ones horizon 扩大视野enlarge on/upon详述A good way to enlarge your vocabulary is to read a daily newspaper very often.扩大词汇量的一个好办法是经常看日报。All of these have enriched my knowledge and enlarged my horizon，w

27、hich is of vital importance to improve my English.所有这些丰富了我的知识，开阔了我的视野，这对我提高英语很重要。Im interested in your idea.Could you enlarge on/upon your suggestion?我对你的想法感兴趣。你能详细地解说一下你的建议好吗？We are going to have this picture enlarged(enlarge)我们准备将这张照片放大。 (教材P51)So，why not take a trip on the oldest underground syst

28、em today?那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？【要点提炼】“Why not动词原形？”表示向对方提出建议，意为“为什么不/何不呢？”。(1)Why not do.？Why dont you do.?表示提出建议或劝告。(2)表示建议、劝告的句型还有：What/How about.?怎么样？I suggest that sb.(should) do sth.我建议某人做某事。Youd better (not) do.你最好(不)做(3)Why not? 有两层含义：一则表示对对方的说法进行反问“为什么不呢”；二则表示乐意接受对方的邀请，意为“当然；好啊”。Why dont

29、 you/Why not share your experience of learning English with me?为什么不与我分享一下你学习英语的经验呢？Lets go for a walk.咱们去散步吧。Why not?好啊。How/What about going(go) out for a walk after supper this evening?今晚晚饭后出去走走怎么样？Why not discover(discover) what you enjoy and do that?为什么不去发现你喜欢的事然后去做呢？名师点津Why do.？常用来表示责问，意为“为什么做？”

30、。Why lend him the money?为什么要借钱给他？ (教材P52)What was the London Underground like in 1863?1863年伦敦的地铁状况怎么样？【要点提炼】What is/was sth./sb.like? 意为“某物/某人是什么样子？”可以用来询问天气情况、人的外貌或品质、事物的性质、质量、特征等，有时候要求对事物做详细的描述。(1)What is sb.like？可以用来询问一个人的外貌特征、个性、品质；(2)What does sb.look like？只能询问一个人的外貌；(3)How do you like/find宾语？

31、What do you think of宾语？ 意为“你觉得怎么样？”。What is your girlfriend like?你女朋友长得怎么样？She is tall and pretty.她很高、很漂亮。What does the baby look like?那个婴儿长得怎么样？He looks like his father.他长得像他爸。What do you think of this film?你觉得这部电影怎么样？1(教材P51)Having seen the situation，a wealthy American businessman，Charles Yerkes，u

32、ndertook the job of improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London.【分析】本句是一个简单句，句子主干是a wealthy American businessman undertook the job of improving the system。having seen the situation是现在分词短语的完成形式作时间状语

33、，表示动作发生在主句的谓语动作之前。在本句中，see这个动作发生在谓语undertake之前，所以用它的完成式形式。【翻译】看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。2(教材P51)After World War ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground，so the system was enlarged and more lines were added，including the Victoria Line，which was lin

34、ked with other lines at almost every station.【分析】这是一个并列复合句，由并列连词so连接。在第一个复合句中，After World War ended in 1945为时间状语从句；在第二个复合句中“which was linked.”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Victoria Line。【翻译】1945年第二次世界大战结束之后，更多的人乘坐地铁；因此地铁系统扩大，增加了更多的线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它几乎在每一个地铁站都与其他线路连接。.单句语法填空1The old couple want to keep steady rathe

35、r than enlarge (large) their business.2Last week，only two people came to look at the house，neither of whom wanted to buy it.3What will be the weather like tomorrow?4As we know，language is one of the significant means for mankind to convey (convey) thoughts and feelings.5Without the games，he expects

36、the bars weekday sales to drop off by 7%.6The two spacecraft will link up with each other in orbit.7To their surprise，the room was choked up with useless old furniture.8Mr Collins undertook to look (look) after the children so that his wife could go to the fit club with two of her friends.9He decide

37、d to postpone buying (buy) the house because his mother was ill，which cost him a lot of money.10When the cooking class changed to Tuesday，I had to drop out so that I could pick up my daughter from her piano lesson.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1The train conveyed some passengers travels between this city and that

38、village every day.conveyedconveying2The match postponed to Saturday because of the bad weather.match后加was3We cannot undertake whether we shall make a profit from the project.whetherthat4When her mother was ill，the girl had to function both a cook and nurse.function后加as 5The club will hold a big part

39、y in the honour of the young mans success.去掉honour前的the.完成句子1More often than not，it is difficult to convey the exact meaning of a Tang poem in English.通常，很难用英语来表达唐诗的确切意思。2Get the driver to drop you off at the railway station.告诉司机让你在火车站下车。3He is our friend.Why not tell him the secret?他是我们的朋友，为什么不把这个秘

40、密告诉他呢？4Here are the questions，some of which/of which some I thought difficult for you.这些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说太难了。5The Silk Road was an international passage with historical significance，which linked up ancient Chinese culture with that of India，Greece and Rome.丝绸之路是一条具有历史意义的国际通道，它使古老的中国文化与印度文化、希腊文化、罗马文化连接起来。