2019-2020学年新培优同步人教版英语选修八练习：UNIT 2 单元检测（B） WORD版含解析.docx

1、第二单元检测(B)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。W:Kate met Jack five years ago when she was 16 years old.M:Jack was only two years younger than Kate,but he seemed much younger.1.How old

2、is Jack now?A.16.B.19.C.21.答案:BW:This is the third time youve been late for work this week,Bob.Youll have to do better,or Ill have to let you go.M:It wont happen again,I promise.2.Who might be speaking to Bob?A.His boss.B.His teacher.C.His girlfriend.答案:AW:I havent seen you around for long!Have you

3、been on holiday?M:No,I have had a couple of conferences,one in Milan and the other in Yorkshire.3.Has the man been on holiday?A.Yes,he has.B.No,he hasnt.C.We dont know.答案:BM:Id like two tickets for the 8 oclock show this evening.W:Sorry,sir.They are sold out.But we have a few left for tomorrow.4.Wha

4、t do we learn from this conversation?A.There arent any tickets left for tonights show.B.There arent any tickets left for tomorrows show.C.The man doesnt want to attend tomorrows show.答案:AM:Whats Cathy been up to?Ive seen her at the school of music several times.W:Can you believe that she has taken u

5、p singing at her age?5.What does the woman mean?A.Cathy likes to sing old songs.B.Cathy wants to perform on the stage.C.Its unusual to start singing at Cathys age.答案:C第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

6、每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。W:Hi,Mr.Harry!Whats the rush?M:The bank closes in 30 minutes and I need to cash a check.W:No hurry.You may cash it tomorrow,and I can lend you some money.M:Thanks,but its necessary for me to buy a computer.6.What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?A.Taxi

7、 driver and passenger.B.Bank clerk and customer.C.Friends.答案:C7.How is the man going to the bank before the conversation takes place?A.In a hurry.B.In an idle(休闲的)way.C.In a usual manner.答案:A听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。M:Oh,Lucy,its you.Where have you been?I havent seen you for ages.W:Hello,Richard.Glad to see y

8、ou here.I went to Japan in 2007 and have been working there since.M:I see.What are you reading?A novel?W:Yes,just for fun.Its too boring to sit on the train for hours so I usually take a book with me to read.M:Youre quite right.Reading books is a good way to kill time.8.Where does the woman work?A.I

9、n Italy.B.In Japan.C.In America.答案:B9.Where does the woman read?A.On the bus.B.In the car.C.On the train.答案:C听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。M:Have you by any chance ever been to Hong Kong?W:Yes,I have.Why?M:Im going there with my family for a vacation next month.Can you tell me what its like there?W:Well,its a ve

10、ry exciting place,I think.As a matter of fact,its probably one of the most exciting places I know.M:Really?Thats good to hear.Can you tell me anything else?W:Well.What else would you like to know?M:How about the weather and the people?W:The weather at this time of year is usually cool and wet,and in

11、 my opinion,the people there are very interesting.M:It sounds like a wonderful place.W:It is.Im sure you will have a good time there.10.Why is the man going to Hong Kong?A.Hes moving there.B.Hell go there for business.C.Hell spend holidays with his family.答案:C11.What does the text mainly talk about?

12、A.A visit to Hong Kong.B.The weather in Hong Kong.C.The people in Hong Kong.答案:A12.What is the weather like in Hong Kong at this time of year?A.Cool and dry.B.Cool and damp.C.Hot and wet.答案:B听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。M:Have you noticed the new dustbin downstairs?W:Yeah.It looks like a battery.Whats it for?Is

13、 it really for garbage?M:Not really.Actually its a dustbin for used batteries.W:Used batteries?Why do we need it?M:Well,you know there are still heavy metals left in used batteries,so by recycling the batteries,we cannot only make full use of the metals left,but prevent the environment from being po

14、lluted.W:Oh,I see.M:The Students Union is having a one-month program called “Green Movement”.It is aimed at making more students aware of serious environmental problems.W:Sounds interesting“Green Movement”.What can I do?M:Well,a lot.For example,stop using plastic and metal boxes.They really do great

15、 harm to the environment.Well,there will be a lecture tomorrow afternoon at three oclock.Are you interested?W:Tomorrow afternoon.Yeah,Im free then.I will go with you.13.What is the battery-shaped dustbin used for?A.For garbage.B.For batteries.C.For used batteries.答案:C14.What are the two speakers doi

16、ng?A.They are discussing the protection of environment.B.They are describing a new box.C.They are collecting used batteries.答案:A15.What is the purpose of the “Green Movement”?A.To make full use of the metals left.B.To awake people to the environmental problems.C.To protect the forest resources from

17、being destroyed.答案:B16.What will the woman do tomorrow afternoon?A.She will attend the lecture.B.She is not sure what she will do.C.She will join in the “Green Movement”.答案:A听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。It is strange that so many of the important meetings in peoples lives take place quite by chance.I could hav

18、e sat anywhere on the train to London on the day I left university because it was almost empty.However,I didnt want to be alone.Instead,I sat opposite a man who was reading a newspaper.After a few minutes he put the newspaper down.Then he glanced at me and said,“End of term?” “The end of university

19、for me,” I said.“Well,I expect youre looking forward to a long summer break.” “Not exactly,” I said.“The first thing I must do is to look for a job.”For the rest of the journey,we talked about my studies.Now that I know Mr.Merrick well,I know he never asks questions to pass the time.By the time we r

20、eached London,he knew almost all about me.As I was saying goodbye,he handed me a business card with his name on it and the address of Merrick Enterprise Ltd.in the city.“If you run out of ideas during the summer,” he said,“give me a ring.”17.How did the speaker go to London?A.By rail.B.By air.C.By b

21、us.答案:A18.Why did the speaker sit opposite the man?A.Because he wanted to read the newspaper too.B.Because he wanted to find a job in the mans company.C.Because he didnt want to be alone.答案:C19.What are the two speakers talking about?A.Talking about studies.B.Talking about the places that “I” want t

22、o travel to.C.Talking about “my” first job.答案:A20.Why did Mr.Merrick give the speaker a business card?A.He needed his new ideas.B.He might employ him in the future.C.He wanted to make friends with him.答案:B第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AThe United Nations

23、 Environment Programme is calling for urgent action to reduce growing risks from chemicals.Better management of chemicals could save millions of lives and billions of dollars.As estimated,143,000 chemicals are now produced.Yet the report says only a small number of these chemicals have been studied

24、for their effects on human health and the environment.It says death and disability rates are high from the unsafe use of chemical products.Sylvie Lemmet,director of the United Nations Environment Programme,says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost.For example,she says the cost is hi

25、gher than the amount of overseas development aid,or ODA,for health care in sub-Saharan Africa.She says,“Look at the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide in sub-Saharan Africa,only the injury and the loss of working time is estimated to be 6.3 billion USA dollars in 2009.This is higher than the

26、 total ODA that is going to the health sector in the same area.”The United Nations Environment Programme estimates that chemical sales worldwide will increase by around three percent a year until 2050.Chemical production is moving quickly from developed to developing countries.By 2020,chemical produ

27、ction is expected to increase by 40 percent in Africa and the Middle East and 33 percent in Latin America.One of its biggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticides and fertilizers.Other major concerns are heavy metal pollution from the production of cement and textiles,and dioxin po

28、llution from mining.The UN report urges the chemical industry and governments to work together to develop safety policies.It says preventing harm costs less than fixing it.21.The purpose of Paragraph 3 is mainly to indicate that.A.the use of pesticide causes a great lossB.Africa needs more developme

29、nt aidC.chemicals have a high production costD.the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide is inaccurate答案:A解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知,Sylvie Lemmet是在说杀虫剂中毒给人类的身体和经济带来巨大的损失。故选A项。22.Which of the following is NOT a source of danger according to the text?A.Pesticides. B.Fertilizers.C.Heavy metals.D.Mineral

30、s.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段后两句的内容可知,A、B、C三项均是危害的来源,而D项文中没有提及。23.According to the text,what is the main reason for the risks from chemicals?A.Poor management of chemicals.B.Lack of research funds on chemicals.C.The mass production of cement and textiles.D.Contradictions between chemical producers and gove

31、rnments.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Better management of chemicals.”和第二段中的“Sylvie Lemmet,director of the United Nations Environment Programme,says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost.”可知应选A项。24.What would be the best title for the text?A.The truth in Sylvie Lemmets commentsB.A UN warning

32、about chemical dangersC.The unpredictable future of chemical industryD.Preventing is much better than fixing答案:B解析:主旨大意题。本文讲的是联合国环境规划署号召我们要采取行动来减少日益增加的化学产品给人类带来的危害。故B项做本文的标题最合适。BThe personal computer has overtaken the family dog as mans best friend,according to a study.Researchers found that just 6

33、percent of us believe that “most people rely more on their dog than they do on their PC”,while 67 percent think the opposite to be true.Even 38 percent of dog owners admit relying more on their PC than on their dog,although 36 percent disagreed.And 71 percent of 18 to 24-year-old dog owners said the

34、y relied more on their computer.Paul Allen,editor of Computer Active Magazine,which conducted the poll with the Royal Society For The Protection Of Cruelty to Animals,said,“These days you can even take your PC for a walk,provided you have a laptop or tablet.”“Its only a matter of time until the firs

35、t PC that fetches your slippers.”Researchers questioned 2,000 British adults to find out about the change modern technology has brought to their home life.They found that male dog owners are almost twice as likely as female owners to rely on their computer than a canine companion.Mr.Allen said,“With

36、 broadband bringing them global news and newspaper sales falling,the family dog even misses out on the pleasure of taking the paper to his owner.”But its not all bad news for honest dogs.“The family PC has given dog owners access to a wealth of resources and information that can help with the long-t

37、erm care that a dog needs,” Mr.Allen said.25.According to the statistic, rely more on their computers.A.dog owners aged from 18 to 24B.female dog ownersC.British adultsD.36% of the people答案:A解析:细节理解题。从文章第四段“And 71 percent of 18 to 24-year-old dog owners said they relied more on their computer.” 可以知道

38、,18岁至24岁的宠物狗主人中,有71%表示更依赖电脑。 26.Which of the following is the advantage that computers have brought to dogs?A.They can go out for a walk with their owners.B.They can be better looked after.C.They wont have to take paper to their owners.D.They can get on well with their owners.答案:B解析:细节理解题。文章的最后一段向我们

39、说明的是家庭电脑给宠物狗带来的好处就是有利于主人对宠物狗的照顾。 27.The family dog even misses out on the pleasure of taking the paper to his owner because .A.people gradually lose their interest in newspapersB.family dogs dont want to do that any moreC.people dont want to read newspapersD.people prefer to computers for news and i

40、nformation答案:D解析:细节理解题。文章倒数第三段说的是随着家庭电脑的普及使用,人们上网就可以看全球新闻,导致报纸销售量下降,所以宠物狗也就减少了为主人叼报纸的乐趣了。 28.The underlined word “provided” means in the passage.A.offeredB.supposedC.as long asD.even though答案:C解析:词义猜测题。provided 相当于as long as,意思是“只要”,表示条件。 CHave you ever wished you could have a clone of yourself to d

41、o homework while you went out playing with your friends?Imagine if you could really do that,where would you start?What exactly is cloning?Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two!You might not

42、 believe it,but there are human clones among us right now.They werent made in a lab,though theyre identical twins,created naturally.Below,well see how natural identical twins relate to modern cloning technologies. How is cloning done?How does one go about making an exact genetic copy of an organism?

43、There are a couple of ways to do this:artificial embryo twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer.How do these processes differ?Artificial embryo twinningArtificial embryo twinning is the relatively low-tech method of cloning.As the name suggests,this technology imitates the natural process of crea

44、ting identical twins.Artificial embryo twinning uses the same approach,but it occurs in a dish instead of in the mothers body.Somatic cell nuclear transferSomatic cell nuclear transfer means using a different method from artificial embryo twinning,but it produces the same result:an exact clone,or a

45、genetic copy of an individual.This was the method used to create Dolly the sheep.To make Dolly,researchers separated a somatic cell from an adult female sheep.Next,they transferred the nucleus from that cell to an egg cell from which the nucleus had been removed.After chemicals were used,the egg cel

46、l,with its new nucleus,developed into an embryo,which was implanted into a mother and carried to term. 29.If an organism is cloned and a new organism appears,.A.the new organism doesnt look like the original oneB.every single bit of DNA is the same between the twoC.the new organism is slightly diffe

47、rent from the original oneD.most bits of DNA are the same between the two答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据“This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two!”可知被克隆出的生物体与原生物体的DNA完全相同,没有一点不同。 30.The approach of artificial embryo twinning .A.is the relatively high-tech method of cloningB.differs greatl

48、y from the natural process of creating identical twinsC.transfers the nucleus from a somatic cell to anotherD.is similar to the natural process of creating identical twins答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据“.this technology imitates the natural process of creating identical twins.”知选D项。其余选项与原文意思不符。 31.What is the main

49、difference between artificial embryo twinning and natural identical twin?A.One is done in the dish;the other in the mothers body.B.One is done without the embryo but the other needs the embryo.C.One is done without the egg cell but the other needs the egg cell.D.Natural identical twin is easier than

50、 artificial embryo twinning.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据“Artificial embryo twinning uses the same approach,but it occurs in a dish instead of in the mothers body.”可知选A项。32.The author writes the article mainly to .A.show the achievement of cloning researchB.show the importance of researching cloningC.tell readers

51、 some knowledge about cloningD.tell readers how cloning is done in the lab答案:C解析:主旨大意题。从对克隆方法与现象的介绍可知,作者是让读者了解一些克隆的知识。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The person behind you constantly kicks the back of your seat.Your talkative seatmate doesnt understand your need for sl

52、eep.And the aircrafts bathroom is a total mess.These situations can make even a short flight unbearable.Hopefully you dont cause these unpleasant experiences for others.33._Always recline(向后倾斜)your seat slowly.Theres nothing worse than suddenly being hit in the knees by the seat in front of you.In a

53、ddition,dont keep your seat reclined for the entire flight.Always keep it upright during mealtimes.And remember to put it in the upright position before going to the restroom(or anytime you leave your seat).34. Wait until the meal is done and all the food trays(盘子)have been collected.Its hard for pa

54、ssengers to stand up to let you pass when they still have their food trays.And when using the bathroom,always clean up after yourselfthe next user will be grateful!Keep your bodyand your possessionsto yourself as much as possible so as not to crowd your in-flight seatmate(s).Share the armrest,especi

55、ally on a long flight.Also,be careful not to kick or push on the seat in front of you.While some people enjoy chatting with other passengers during a flight,not everyone does.Some people may want to nap,read or work.35.If you are travelling with someone and want to chat,keep your voices low.36. Peop

56、le can still hear through your headphones if the volume is too high.When exiting the plane,if others are having trouble with their carry-on luggage,help them if you can.If you cant help,wait patiently,and dont push past people to get off the airplane.On your flight,remember the golden rule:37._A.Don

57、t leave your carry-on in the aircraft.B.Avoid going to the bathroom during mealtimes.C.It is not polite to talk loudly in the aircraft.D.Treat others the way you want to be treated!E.If using electronic gadgets(小装置),keep the volume down.F.If the conversation seems one-sided,you should notice it.G.In

58、stead,you can set an example by following these common airplane courtesies(礼貌).答案:33.G34.B35.F36.E37.D第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The death of the worlds most famous sheepDolly the sheephas not reduced the enthusiasm of Chinese scienti

59、sts.They are working hard to make more breakthroughs in clone 38.“Its hard to say 39 Dolly died at a relatively young age or died from defects(缺陷)in reproduction.” Du Miao,a researcher in the Biology and Growth Institute of the Chinese Academy of Science,40 China Daily in Beijing yesterday.“But Doll

60、ys case 41 us that both Chinese and foreign scientists should 42 more efforts into improving clone technology as well as disease treatment techniques in the 43 of cloning animals.” He said his institute,in co-operation with Yangzhou University in Eastern Chinas Jiangsu Province,had 44 more than 10 s

61、heep since 1999 and the oldest is nearly five.They are all still 45.Li Ning,deputy director of the National Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Biological Technology,46 is also a professor with the Beijing-based China Agriculture University,said,“Clone technology is 47 progressing well.Dolly is the f

62、irst cloned 48 after all.Like driving cars,new drivers 49 with accidents more easily,but the more you 50,the easier and safer you will feel.In the 51,the death rate of cloned animals will be 52 with technological developments.”“Official reports show seven 53 cloned sheep are still alive.Clone techno

63、logy in China is 54 approaching a level of commercialization,” Li 55.But Wang Yu,deputy director of the Biological Technological Centre under the Ministry of Science and Technology,said the commercialization of clone technology 56 on market demand.“We firmly believe that China will make greater 57 i

64、n cloning technology in the future.” he added.38.A.biologyB.sheepC.chemistryD.technology答案:D解析:在克隆技术方面取得更大的突破,D项概括性强。39.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.what 答案:A解析:考查“whether.or.”结构,表示对多莉羊死因的推断。40.A.toldB.wroteC.reportedD.replied 答案:A解析:此处应该是接受媒体采访时Du Miao告诉中国日报记者。41.A.warnsB.remindsC.suggestsD.explains答案:B解析:

65、从说话者身份看,该句意为“但是多莉的情况提醒我们,中外科学家应当在克隆动物领域提高克隆技术和疾病治疗技术方面做出更大的努力”。42.A.takeB.bringC.makeD.put 答案:D解析:put efforts into(doing)sth.“在上做出更大的努力”,为习惯用语。43.A.earthB.groundC.fieldD.pond答案:C解析:in the field of “在领域”,为固定搭配。44.A.producedB.clonedC.boughtD.protected答案:B解析:结合上下文,此处指“克隆”出10多只绵羊。45.A.sickB.aliveC.deadD

66、.weak答案:B解析:最大的一只接近5岁了,它们仍然都活着。46.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who答案:D解析:考查who引导的非限制性定语从句。47.A.actuallyB.unfortunatelyC.simplyD.hardly答案:A解析:克隆技术实际上进展良好。48.A.babyB.tigerC.sheepD.rat答案:C解析:多莉毕竟是第一只被克隆的绵羊。49.A.dealB.meetC.helpD.agree 答案:B解析:meet with “遭遇到”,为固定搭配。50.A.experimentB.searchC.driveD.predict 答案:C解析:

67、此句意为“你开车越多,你会感到越容易,越安全”。51.A.presentB.pastC.labD.future答案:D解析:由下文可知此处指in the future,意为“在将来”。52.A.increasedB.coveredC.removedD.reduced答案:D解析:随着技术的进步,被克隆动物的死亡率将会降低。53.A.locallyB.abroadC.personallyD.secretly 答案:A解析:官方报道显示,当地的7只克隆羊仍然活着,其他选项不符合逻辑。54.A.neverB.graduallyC.suddenlyD.always答案:B解析:中国的克隆技术正逐渐接近

68、一种商业化水平,gradually表示进行的程度。55.A.respondedB.addedC.debatedD.argued答案:B解析:此处add意为“补充说”。56.A.livesB.callsC.dependsD.satisfies答案:C解析:depend on “依赖于”,为固定搭配。57.A.progressB.mindC.journeyD.sense答案:A解析:make greater progress “取得更大的进步”,为固定搭配。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In todays world

69、,not all people know 58.(noisy) is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans health.People who work and live in noisy conditions go deaf 59.(easy).For example,many of the workers who print newspapers and books go deaf.Quite a few people 60.(live) near airports also have hearing loss.Recently

70、,61. is reported that many teenagers in America can hear no 62.(well) than 65-year-old people do,because these young people always listen to loud pop music.Making 63. loud noise in public is also a kind of pollution.It not only disturbs others but also does great harm 64. peoples hearing.Cars and ma

71、chines also produce too much noise.Such pollution makes people feel uncomfortable and unpleasant,and it can even cause them 65.(become) deaf.Nowadays,many countries 66.(try) to solve all sorts of 67.(environment) problems,including noise pollution.答案:58.noise59.easily60.living61.it62.better63.a64.to

72、65.to become66.are trying67.environmental第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。My dream school starts

73、at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m.They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.We didnt need to do so many homework.Therefore,we have more time with after-school activities.For example,we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.My dream school

74、look like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest,or sat by the lake listening music.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.答案:第二句:TheyThere第三句:didntdont;manymuch

75、第四句:withfor第五句:第一个hourhours第六句:looklooks第七句:去掉flowers前面的the第八句:satsit;listening后加to第九句:helpfullyhelpful第二节书面表达(满分25分)一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件,介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。写作要点:1.它是中国的传统节日之一;2.家人团聚;3.赏月、吃月饼;4.还有旅游、访友等其他活动。注意:1.词数100左右。开头语已为你写好,不计入总词数;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival农历 lunar ca

76、lendar赏月 enjoy the full moon月饼 mooncakeThe Mid-Autumn FestivalThe Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar._参考范文The Mid-Autumn FestivalThe Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.As one of the traditional

77、Chinese festivals,it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.Usually,no matter how far away or how busy we are,we will try to return home for the celebration.The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month.What we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together.With the beautiful moon up in the sky,we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit,sharing our stories.In addition to these traditional activities,we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.