2019-2020学年人教版英语选修九新素养同步讲义：UNIT 4 EXPLORING PLANTS 2　UNIT 4　SECTION Ⅱ　WARMING UP .doc

1、Section Warming Up & ReadingLanguage Points Collecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times.收集所谓的“异国”植物要追溯到很久以前。This town dates back to the Roman times.这座城镇在罗马时代就开始有了。This custom dates from the ancient times.这个习俗起源于古代。自我探究date back to是由动词副词介词构成的动词短语；date_from，意为追溯到；始于；

2、常用一般现在时时态。out of date过时的，陈旧的to date到目前为止up to date最新的The exhibition contains some of his best work to date.这个展览有他迄今为止一些最好的作品。巧学活用完成句子针灸治疗可以追溯到古代中国，逐渐地被其他国家的医学专家所接受。The needle treatment_the ancient times in China is gradually accepted by experts in medicine in other countries.答案：dating from Many anci

3、ent civilisations saw the value of bringing back plants from distant lands.许多古老文明都见证了从遥远的地方带回植物的价值。The distant star is far distant from the earth.这颗星距离地球很远。If you are very quiet，you can hear the distant music from the circus in town.如果你们十分安静，你们就会听到远处镇上马戏团的音乐声。He is a distant cousin of mine.他是我的一个远房表

4、哥。自我探究distant是形容词，意为遥远的，远处的；远房的。distant adj.冷淡的，疏远的，不亲近的distance n.距离，远离，远方at a distance of在距离远的地方at a/some distance隔一段距离，距离稍远一些in the distance在远处keep sb.at a distance对某人保持距离keep ones distance from避开，不接近Mike sounded very cold and distant on the phone.从电话里听起来迈克非常冷淡和疏远。The time we spent together is no

5、w a distant memory.我们一起度过的时光现在已经成为久远的记忆。At a distance of six miles you cant see much.距离六英里以外的东西你很难看清。I would keep my distance from that roaring river，if I were you.我要是你，我就会远离那条咆哮的河流。单词意义区别distant指时间、空间上的遥远，也可以指亲属关系中的远房亲属far用来表示实际距离的远和时间的遥远，还可以指引申意义的远The stranger seems to have come from a far country

6、.这个陌生人似乎来自远方的国度。巧学活用完成句子(1)成功之大远远超过了他们的预期。It had been a success_their expectations.(2)这两个男孩是远房亲戚。The two boys_.答案：(1)far beyond(2)are distant relations Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions，often facing many dangers including disease，near-starvation，severe environmen

7、ts and conflicts with the local people.勇敢的年轻人借机进行植物探索活动，他们常常面临许多危险，如疾病、饥饿、严酷的环境以及同当地居民的冲突。My interests conflict with yours.我的利益与你的相抵触。Your request conflicts with my duty.你的要求与我的职责相抵触。自我探究conflict既可以作动词也可以作名词，意为抵触，争斗；冲突，常与介词with连用。conflict n斗争，冲突v.战争，冲突，抵触conflict with与冲突in conflict with同相冲突come into

8、 conflict with和冲突race conflict种族冲突conflict of interests利害冲突The story tells of a classic conflict between love and duty.这个故事讲的是典型的爱与责任之间的冲突。John often comes into conflict with his boss.约翰经常和他的老板发生争执。The results conflict with earlier discoveries.这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。单词意义区别conflict多指对立的思想或意识fight多指短兵相接的肉搏和厮杀w

9、ar多指国家或对立集团之间的大规模的战争，也指长期地与进行战争battle多指敌对双方使用武器精心的大规模战斗combat指个人或部队间的单独斗争、战争等struggle指斗争，拼搏，挣扎(可以是肉体或精神上的拼搏、争斗)巧学活用conflict，fight，struggle填空(1)Armed_is likely to break out between the two countries.(2)He was always_with his neighbors about the noise.(3)The men in the boat_with great waves.(4)All the

10、se actions by the NATO_with the universally accepted international laws.答案：(1)conflict(2)fighting(3)struggled(4)conflicted One of the collectors was Father Farges，who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him.其中一位收集者叫做法尔热的神父，从他所喜爱的一棵树上收集了37粒种子。Im sure it will appeal to you, for you hav

11、e been enthusiastic about sports.我确信这一定会吸引你，因为你热衷于体育。 自我探究appeal是动词，意为(对某人)有吸引力，常与介词 to连用；appeal to sb.意为向某人求助，恳求某人。(1)appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.向某人呼吁/恳求(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.为向某人呼吁或请求 make an appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事(3)appealing adj.有吸引力的； 恳求的The

12、police are making an appeal to the public for information about the crime.警方呼吁公众提供有关这宗犯罪案件的信息。巧学活用一句多译他呼吁选民们明天去投票站。(1)He _ go to the polls tomorrow.(appeal v)(2)He _ go to the polls tomorrow.(appeal n)答案：(1)appealed to voters to(2)made an appeal to voters toThe plants in our gardens look so familiar

13、 that often we do not realize that many of them actually come from countries far away.我们花园里的植物看上去是那么熟悉，以至于我们常常意识不到在这些植物中有许多实际上来自遥远的国度。The bus was so full that I could hardly turn around.公共汽车挤得我几乎无法转身。He is so busy that he could have little time for his lunch.他太忙了，以至于没有时间吃午饭。自我探究以上例句是复合句，so.that.意为如此

14、以至于；其中so是副词，它后面可以跟形容词或副词，表示程度。that引导结果状语从句。so.that./such.that.如此以至于，它们的用法如下：(1)在这个句型中，so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；such是形容词，修饰的中心词是名词。(2)在many，few，much，little(表示数量)前只能用so，不能用such来修饰。(3)当such修饰的中心词是可数名词的单数形式，且有形容词修饰时，可以转化成so.that.结构。如：sucha/anadj.n.可以转化成：so形容词a/ann.。(4)so that引导结果状语从句时，多用逗号与主句隔开；如果引导目的状语从句时，常与情态动词

15、can，could，may，might，will等连用，且从句一般不与主句隔开。If it is a good book，you might say，“its so good that I cant put it down.”如果这是一本好书，你或许会说：“这本书太好了，我舍不得把它放下。”This is such an interesting film that we all like it.这是一部那么有趣的电影，我们都非常喜欢它。There were so many people in the street watching the fire that the firefighters

16、could not get close to the building.街上有那么多观火的人，消防人员没法靠近那幢大楼。It was such a warm day that we decided to go outing.It was so warm a day that we decided to go outing.天气这么好我们决定去郊游。Our professor spoke through a microphone so that he could be heard clearly by the students.我们的教授在讲课时用麦克风，以便让学生听得清楚。Tom lived

17、in the near village，so that he was never late for school.汤姆住在附近的村子里，所以他上学从没有迟到过。巧学活用句型转换We were in so anxious a rush when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.We were in_when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.答案：such an anxious rush 课时作业10 单句语法填空1The old building _(date) back to the M

18、ing Dynasty，which survived through several wars.答案：dates2By law，when one makes a large purchase，he should have _(adequacy) opportunities to change his mind.答案：adequate3The main purpose of this story is _(appeal) to the readers interest in the theme of “living and dead”； because it is a theme eternal

19、ly interesting to all mankind.答案：to appeal4Can I visit the park freely?Of course you can.It is open to the public without _(restrict)答案：restriction5I will endeavour _(do) my best for my country.答案：to do6While in college，he became interested in plants and majored _ botany.答案：in7No matter where we are

20、, friendship will tie our heart _(tight)答案：tightly8He had to _(low) his head to get through the door.答案：lower9The painting looks more beautiful at _ distance.答案：a10If you stay in a native English speaking country for a few months，you will become a _(fluence) English speaker.答案：fluent 阅读理解Imagine you

21、 are on a cold mountain with steep rocks around.As you climb higher，the air gets thinner and the suns rays stronger.Just before you reach the snowline，you find what you came fora small white flower，the edelweiss(火绒草)，which only grows in alpine(高山的) areas.Plants face many challenges living in alpine

22、areas，and only 200 kinds of plants can grow there.Plants rely on oxygen，water，and sunlight to make their own food through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用)The alpine means less CO2，which makes the process more difficult.It also brings plants closer to the sun.The sunlight is so strong that it can

23、burn a plants leaves.There is little water here，so the soil is dry and rocky.You also wont find high trees because the cold wind would blow them over!Alpine plants have advantages that help them survive the bad conditions.Like all alpine plants，the edelweiss stays close to the ground to avoid the wi

24、nd.The cold water is deep underground，so the edelweiss grows very deep roots.Its leaves have a thick covering，which protects the plant from the wind and the suns bright rays.All these special characteristics help it grow，but very slowly.The edelweiss can live in the conditions，but humans cant.Climbi

25、ng in the high and cold mountains is dangerous and difficult.This is why the edelweiss became such a special flower.Long ago，a young man would pick an edelweiss flower to prove his love to a girl，although it was risky.Many men died while trying.Getting the flower proved that the man was physically s

26、trong，brave，and devoted.Alpine plants cant spread seeds，so its difficult for new plants to grow.Once all the edelweiss flowers are gone in an area，they will not regrow.Governments help protect the edelweiss because it is considered an endangered plant.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。因缺少水和二氧化碳，并且阳光太过强烈，导致能在高山地区生长的植物很

27、少。本文重点介绍了火绒草的生长环境、特点及有关它的美好传说等。1The first two paragraphs mainly describe_Athe process of photosynthesis Bthe appearance of the edelweissCthe growing environment of the edelweissDthe challenge of mountain climbingC解析：段落大意题。通读文章可知，前两段主要描述了高山上植物生长的环境。故C项正确。2The edelweiss can survive in the alpine condi

28、tions partly because_Ait grows high and strongBit can get more sunlightCits leaves covering is thinDits deep roots can get waterD解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The cold water is deep underground，so the edelweiss grows very deep roots.”可知，D项正确。3What can we learn about the edelweiss from the text?AIt is planted in

29、 large quantities. BIt is a symbol of bravery.CIt is a shadeloving plant.DIt spreads its seeds by wind.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Alpine plants cant spread seeds”和“it is considered an endangered plant”可分别排除选项D和A；根据高山地区阳光照射强烈可知，火绒草不是喜阴植物，由此可排除C项；根据第四段可知，B项正确。4What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A

30、To introduce a special flower.BTo compare different alpine plants.CTo warn people not to pick flowers.DTo encourage people to protect plants.A解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章详细介绍了火绒草的生长环境和它能够在高山上生存的一些特征。故A项正确。 完形填空On my last day in Nairobi，I decided to visit the wildlife reserve(野生动物保护区)_1_my hotel，I bought a map

31、 and_2_On the way，I stopped to take photos of many interesting animals.A little later，I was very pleased when I saw notices_3_，“_4_lions.Stay in your car.”I didnt mean to_5_ and drove across a shallow stream.I was halfway_6_when my wheels began to turn round and round without_7_a bit；the car had stu

32、ck in the mud.Full of_8_，I looked around carefully.There was not a_9_in sight.I was soon in the stream and my clothes got into a terrible_10_，but there was_11_I could do.The car wouldnt move though I pushed it hard._12_there was a forest quite near，I didnt dare to go there.When I got back into the c

33、ar，I felt very _13_I wondered how long it would be_14_I was discovered by wild beasts.The lions would quite_15_ a tasty meal of a human being_16_！I was wild with_17_when several hours later，a keeper drove up in a jeep and pulled my car on to dry land.It took me some time to_18_what had happened to m

34、e when I returned to the_19_，but I do not think that anyone really_20_me!1A.LeavingBReachingCTo get toDTo fleeA解析：因前面提到要去参观野生动物保护区，故在此应表示“离开”旅馆。2A.hired a carBtook a taxiCrode a horseDhired a boatA解析：根据下文作者不时停车拍照及“drove across a shallow stream.”可知作者是“租了一辆车”而不是乘出租车。3A.writtenBreadCput onDsayingD解析：“上

35、面写着或说”用动词say，此处用其现在分词形式，read如果换成reading也可以。4A.For saleBCome overCTurn offDBe careful ofD解析：告示提醒人们“当心”狮子。5A.eatBget outCgo backDgive upB解析：作者本来就没打算“下车”。6A.acrossBinsideCbackDaheadA解析：根据上文“drove across a shallow stream”知，这里是指走了一半。7A.stoppingBdrivingCmovingDleadingC解析：车轮老是打转，不往前走。8A.fearBangerCsurprise

36、DpleasureA解析：因前文提到“告示说周围有狮子”，所以作者感到“害怕”。9A.lionBcarChorseDmanA解析：作者小心地环顾四周，但一头“狮子”也没看到。10A.mudBplaceCstateDtimeC解析：因车陷在小溪中的淤泥里，作者下来推车，身上应是又湿又脏，故衣服处于一种糟糕的状态。11A.one choiceBone wayCsomethingDnothingD解析：但是作者毫无办法。There is nothing to do.为常用句型。12A.IfBWhereCAlthoughDEvenC解析：根据前后的逻辑关系，在此只能用although，“尽管不远处有个

37、树林，但我不敢去”。13A.anxiousBsurprisedChappyDbraveA解析：别无他法，作者又回到车里，当然是感到“着急”。14A.beforeBwhenCafterDwhetherA解析：此处为“Itbe一段时间before”的句式，句意为“我不知道要过多久会被野兽发现”。15A.hateBappreciateCthankDrefuseB解析：由文意可知选B，appreciate意为“赞赏，喜欢，感谢”。thank后只能接sb.，hate与refuse与文意不符。16A.deadBrottenCfleshDgoodC解析：flesh指“肉”，这里“human being fl

38、esh”指人的肉体。17A.angerBtearsCsadnessDjoyD解析：有人把自己从困境中救出来，当然是“欣喜若狂”了。18A.writeBexplainCpublishDannounceB解析：由下文的“but I do not think that anyone really_me”可知，这里指向人解释“explain”。19A.carBcountryChotelDcityC解析：在此指作者返回“旅馆”，和文章开头“_ my hotel”照应。20A.likedBaskedCbelievedDheardC解析：作者认为，自己怎么解释也不会有人真的“相信”自己。 短文改错Peopl

39、e had always been interested in bees.This interest may have begun with the honey what bees make.In the fact, it has been found that people have been eating honey for thousand of years.In the more recently past, people were interested in the way bees made honey.They admired the way bees seemed to wor

40、king so hard.Some languages even developed expressions about people working like bees.In English, for example, we talk with a“busy bee”Now scientists have a new reason to be interested in bees.They have discovered that bees able to communicate with each other.Research has revealed some surprised fac

41、ts about this, so there are still many mysteries.答案：People always been interested in bees.This interest may have begun with the honey bees make.In fact, it has been found that people have been eating honey for of years.In the more past, people were interested in the way bees made honey.They admired

42、the way bees seemed to so hard.Some languages even developed expressions about people working like bees.In English, for example, we talk a“busy bee”Now scientists have a new reason to be interested in bees.They have discovered that bees able to communicate with each other.Research has revealed some facts about this, there are still many mysteries.