2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修八同步练习：UNIT 3 INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS课时跟踪训练3-1 WORD版含答案.doc

1、课时跟踪训练31.单词拼写1It is simple and_(方便的) to use.2They were so much alike that we could hardly _(区分) one from the other.3My way of thinking might be different from yours, but its equally _(有效的；确凿的)4Our conversation came to an_(突然的) end when George burst into the room.5What are the_ (标准) for deciding who

2、gets the prize?答案1convenient2.distinguish3.valid4abrupt5.criteria.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空call up, now and then, distinguish.from.，set about, with caution1Oh, my dear! Could you_right_wrong?2Dad always drives_， so he is recognized as one of the best drivers.3The picture_him_the time when he was brought up in

3、 the village.4One afternoon she_riding without an umbrella and was caught in a storm at last.5Yes，of course. I do_if its convenient.答案1distinguish；from2.with caution3.called；up4set about5.now and then.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASome inventions are so useful, but seem so simple, that we

4、wonder why no one thought of them long ago. Postit Notes, the pieces of paper that you can stick almost anywhere and then remove without leaving any sign that they are there, are an example of such an invention.Postit Notes were invented about twenty years ago by Art Fry, a scientist at 3M Corporati

5、on. The idea for the product came from an upsetting experience he often had while singing in his church choir. Fry used pieces of paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs, but these bookmarks were always falling out. He knew he needed a bookmark that would stay where he put it, but

6、 that he could remove without damaging the pages.Around that time, Fry heard about a new adhesive(粘合剂) that a colleague, Dr. Spence Silver had created. This adhesive was special because it was sticky, but not too sticky. It was strong enough to hold papers together, but weak enough not to tear the p

7、aper when it was removed. Fry saw that the new adhesive could help solve his bookmark problem. One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the edge of a piece of paper. Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.A short time later, Fry realized that his new invention had even more uses than being

8、 a great bookmark. He came to this realization when he wrote a note on one of his new “bookmarks” and attached it to a report he was going to give to a colleague. Soon, coworkers were asking Fry for more sample of his invention so that they could use the new type of notes themselves.Fry and some oth

9、er people at 3M believed so much in the new product that they persuaded the company to give away thousands of the sticky pieces of paper for trial use. When some salespeople at 3M went to offices and showed workers just how helpful the new type of notes could be, they immediately received many order

10、s. As more and more people discovered how useful Postit Notes could be, the product took off.1The invention of Postit Notes showed that Art Fry _Ahad a lot of knowledgeBwas very hardworkingCwas good at creative thinkingDloved his job in the church2In what way did Dr. Spence help Art Fry?AThey worked

11、 together and often discussed science.BHis invention of a special adhesive made Arts invention possible.CHe persuaded 3M Corporation to give away lots of Postit Notes for trial use.DHe cooperated with Art by providing the new adhesive for Art.3Which of the following is a possible use of Postit Notes

12、?AA note on a friends door.BAn email to a friend.CA postcard from abroad.DAn ad in a newspaper.4The biggest advantage of Postit Notes is _Ait can stay anywhere and leave no sign when removedBit is very cheap to useCit is good to write notes onDit is very thin and beautiful答案与解析语篇导读：本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。这篇短文

13、主要讲述了便利贴的发明历史，这是亚特弗莱在偶然间产生的一个想法，最后在Dr.Spence发明的一种胶水的帮助下，让这种想法成为了现实。1C推理判断题。根据文章二三段描述，特别是“The idea for the product came from an upsetting experience he often had while singing in his church choir.”可知亚特弗莱是个有创造性的人。故选C。2B细节理解题。根据文章第三段Around that time, Fry heard about a new adhesive (粘合剂) that a colleagu

14、e, Dr.Spence Silver, had created.那时候，弗莱听说他的同事Dr.Spence发明的一种新粘合剂，One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the edge of a piece of paper.Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.一天早上，弗莱把一些粘合剂放在一张纸的边上，正如他希望的，做成了一个完美的书签。可知，弗莱的成功得益于Dr.Spence发明的新粘合剂。故选B。3A推理判断题。根据文章第二段Fry used pieces of paper as bo

15、okmarks to mark the places in his book of songs和第四段he wrote a note on one of his new “bookmarks” and attached it to a report可知，Postit Notes是一种边缘带有粘合剂的便签，贴在其它物体上时，它不会掉下来，说明便签纸是方便用来记东西的一种便条。A项适合使用，故选A。4A细节理解题。根据第一段Postit Notes, the pieces of paper that you can stick almost anywhere and then remove wit

16、hout leaving any sign that they were there, are an example of such an invention.描述，可知便利贴的最大好处是它可以贴在任何地方，当揭下时不留任何痕迹。故选A。BTwo summers ago I was about to turn fifty and wanted to do something Id never done before. My daughter Bailey thought skydiving (跳伞) would be perfect for me. I can promise you that

17、 of all the things I was thinking of doing, jumping out of an airplane never came close to making the list. As I age, I seem to have developed a growing fear of heights.After several requests from my daughter, I finally said yes and she looked almost shocked. I told a friend what we were doing, then

18、 we set off. We had a 3hour drive to the jump site. We drove through some beautiful countryside, but then we passed a small cemetery (墓地)Then we passed another cemetery and another one. I asked if so many people died jumping out of airplanes in this area that they needed to keep building more cemete

19、ries to bury all the bodies!As we squeezed into the little plane, I tightly held the right hand of my partner Ronnie. The short ride to altitude was cruel for me. As Bailey stepped to the door, she looked back at me and said “Dad, Im sure you can do it！” I said yes as she rolled out, I immediately l

20、ooked behind me and said “RONNIE I AM NOT FEELING GOOD” He said, “Its going to be great. Besides, its too late now anyway”， and we jumped out.The next five minutes were some of the most exciting of my life. It was so beautiful and peacefulexcept for the parts where I was screaming. I prayed to God f

21、or the parachute(降落伞)to open, but mostly I told him how thankful I was for my life and being with me through good and bad.5Whats the authors main purpose of mentioning cemeteries in Paragraph 2?ATo tell how determined he was.B. To show how rough the trip was.CTo prove how lonely the jump site was.D.

22、 To express how scared he was then.6What did Bailey do for her father before skydived?AShe gave him encouragement.B. She played a joke with him.CShe comforted him constantly.D. She offered him useful guidance.7How did the author behave after jumping out of the airplane?AHe stayed quite calm.BHe enjo

23、yed himself.CHe breathed out in relief.DHe kept fearing for safety.8What can be inferred about the author from the text?AHe skydived for the first time at the age of 48.BHe jumped at his daughters recommendation.CNever had he considered attempting to do skydiving.DThe older he gets, the less fearful

24、 of heights he is.答案与解析语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文，作者退休以后在女儿的鼓励下参加了跳伞活动，最终他战胜了自我，欣赏到人生最美丽的风景。5D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“I asked if so many people died jumping out of airplanes in this area that they needed to keep building more cemeteries to bury all the bodies！”作者询问是否很多人都因为跳伞死亡后被埋在了这个地方，可知他很害怕跳伞可能会有生命危险。故D项正确。6A细节理解题。根据第

25、三段第三句话“As Bailey stepped to the door, she looked back at me and saidDad, Im sure you can do it！”可知在跳伞之前，女儿鼓励我挑战自我。故A项正确。7B推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“The next five minutes were some of the most exciting of my life.It was so beautiful and peacefulexcept for the parts where I was screaming.”可知作者认为跳伞以后的五分钟是他人生中最刺激

26、的五分钟，说明他非常开心。故B项正确。8C推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知作者2年前50岁，那么现在应该是52岁，所以A项错误；第一段最后一句“As I age, I seem to have developed a growing fear of heights”告诉我们随着年龄增加，我越来越恐高，D项错误。B项是第二段里直接告诉我们的，不需要推理。根据第一段第三句“I can promise you that of all the things I was thinking of doing, jumping out of an airplane never came close to m

27、aking the list.”可知我跳伞从不在我认为我能做的事情当中，也就是说我从来没有考虑过跳伞。故C项正确。C(2019年高考课标全国卷)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overc

28、oming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect hi

29、gh school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution(解决方案). “We dont give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers，” says Florence Gold, a pro

30、ject manager.“There are no tests，” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other thanAre you working towards your goal？ Basically, its Ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA. Engineers come and really do an inperson review,

31、 and.its not a very nice thing at times. Its a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dont teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon s

32、ays his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.9What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?AThey are hard to get rid of.BThey lead to air pollution.CThey appear in different forms.DThey damage the in

33、struments.10What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?ATo strengthen teacherstudent relationships.BTo sharpen students communication skills.CTo allow students to experience zero gravity.DTo link space technology with school education.11What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?ACh

34、eck their product.BGuide project designs.CAdjust work schedules.DGrade their homework.12What is the best title for the text?ANASA: The Home of AstronautsBSpace: The Final Homework FrontierCNature: An Outdoor ClassroomDHUNCH：A College Admission Reform答案与解析语篇导读：本文为说明文。本文介绍了HUNCH项目就是通过Gordon的学生找到如何杀死空间

35、站的细菌这一技术，把空间技术带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，从而最终影响到大学入学。9A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知，细菌对宇航员来说是个令人讨厌的问题。这种来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面

36、不受控制地生长，宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。也就是说它们很难去掉。其中的“the microorganisms”包括“bacteria”。由此可知， A项符合题意。10D推理判断题。根据第二段的 “HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，.”可知，HUNCH旨在把高中教室和NASA的工程师联系起来。Gordon的学生一直在研究如何在零重力下

37、杀死细菌，。结合最后一段中的“Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem，.”可知，学生每天都给NASA的工程师发邮件一起探讨(如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术)这个问题。由此可推断出HUNCH program的目的是把空间技术与学校教育相结合。分析选项可知D项符合题意。11A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year ，present it to NASA, ”

38、“Engineers come and really do an inperson review，and .its not a very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA的工程师要检查学生所做的产品。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。12B主旨大意题。本文介绍了HUNCH项目把如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术引入Gordon学校的课堂，从而最终影响了大学入学。尤其是最后一段“HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills.”可知，本题的最佳答案为B。