2019-2020学年北师大版英语必修五练习：UNIT 14 CAREERS 1 SECTION Ⅰ 知能演练轻松闯关 WORD版含解析.doc

1、A卷 阅读理解AFrom selfdriving cars to carebots (carerobots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat(威胁) to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary

2、 by 2025 as artificial intelligence (AI) continues to change businesses.“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces，” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE AsiaPacific. A gro

3、wing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from AsiaPacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US. technology alr

4、eady destroys more jobs than it creates. But the report states, “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobsjust changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research. “The growth of companies that have the speed and technological knowhow will direc

5、tly challenge big companies，” it states.A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take

6、 the place of more jobs than they create，” according to Aaron Smith, the reports coauthor.“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is n

7、o shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change，” Microsofts Jonathan Grudin told researchers.【解题导语】文章主要讲人工智能的发展会对人们未来生活产生影响，很多职业将会消失，但失去职业并不等于丢掉工作，只是改变了人们做的是什么，人们将会从事更具创造性的工作。1What is the first paragraph mainly about?AThe result of job reduction.BThe fast development of AI.CThe f

8、uture life of elderly people.DThe influence of technology on jobs.D解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第一句“From selfdriving cars to carebots (carerobots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat (威胁) to many jobs normally performed by people.”可知第一段主要讲的是科技对工作的影响。故选D。2What

9、will people most probably do in the future?ATake the place of AI.BWork in a traditional way.CTake up jobs requiring creativity.DEnjoy life without working anymore.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artif

10、icial intelligence.”可知在未来人们要从事需要有创造力的工作。故选C。3What can be known from Grudins words in the last paragraph?AJob unemployment will stay high.BMore jobs tend to appear in the future.CJob competition is likely to grow fiercer.DTechnology will have less control over jobs.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Technology will c

11、ontinue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs.”可知，在未来社会，人们虽然会失业，但却会面临更多的需要创造性的工作。故选B。4What is the best title for the text?AAre People Losing Their Jobs?BThe Requirem

12、ents for Future JobsCThe Challenging Life in the FutureDDoes Technology Simplify Everything?A解析：标题归纳题。文章主要讲人工智能的发展会对人们未来生活产生影响，很多职业将会消失，但失去职业并不等于丢掉工作，只是改变了人们做的是什么，人们将会从事更具创造性的工作。故选A。BAs the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rus

13、hing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of str

14、ess is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters a

15、re obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between “fight” or “flight” and in more primitive days the choice made t

16、he difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high bloo

17、d pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.【解题导语】本文说的是随着现在生活节奏的加快，人们越来越忙碌，所以压力也就越来越大。本文阐述了应对压力的正确态度。5People are finding less and less time for relax

18、ing themselves because _Athey regard working as their greatest enjoymentBthey believe that work is superior to relaxation Cthey are travelling fast all the timeDthey are becoming busier with their work than ever beforeD解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As the pace of life continues to increase.Once you are in the ha

19、bit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down.”可知，人们越来越没有时间放松是因为比以前更忙了。6Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? AWe can find quite a few ways to avoid stress.BStress is always harmful to peoples health.CIt is easy to change

20、the habit of keeping oneself busy with work. DDifferent people can withstand different amounts of stress.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句话“The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.”可知，不同的人对于压力的耐受力是不同的。故选D项。7In the last sentence of the passage, “do so” refers to _Aexpose our

21、selves to stressBfind ways to deal with stressCremove stress from our livesDestablish links between diseases and stressC解析：推理判断题。根据上文的“Since we cannot remove stress from our lives”可知，此处是指“把压力从生活中去掉”，故选C项。8According to the author, the right attitude toward stress is _Ato avoid itBto try to overcome i

22、tCto regard it as a vital motivationDto find some relaxationB解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“we need to find ways to deal with it”可知，作者认为我们应该想办法克服压力。CA tenyearold from Howell, Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor. The event happened late

23、 in an evening when Danny DiPietro was being driven home from hockey practice by his mom.Thats when the young boy noticed an open garage(车库) and a figure(身影) that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house. Given the freezing cold weather, the young boy got a feeling that som

24、ething was not right. But instead of dismissing it like most kids his age would have, he insisted that his mother, Dawn, find out what was going on. Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather, but he refused to take no for an answer.Dawn finally gave in a

25、nd decided to drive to the area with the family dog and see if there was any truth to Dannys hunch(直觉)Sure enough, as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help. Upon getting there, she realized that it was not a dog the young b

26、oy had seen, but Kathleen St. Onge. The 80yearold had fallen down on some ice in her garage and had been lying there for two hours, unable to get up.Dawn rushed home to get her husband to help and called 911. The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms. St. Onge, while they waited for the a

27、mbulance(救护车) to arrive. Though still in hospital, the elderly woman is recovering well and forever grateful to Danny, for following up on his hunch!【解题导语】这篇文章主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持，救了一位上了年纪的邻居的事。9When seeing a figure in an open garage, Danny _Arecognized it was an old man Bthought it was a homeless dog

28、Crealized something was wrong Dbelieved it was nothing importantC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thats when the young boy noticed an open garage(车库) and a figure(身影) that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house. Given the freezing cold weather, the young boy got a feeling that something w

29、as not right.”可知当看到在一个打开的车库里有一个身影，Danny意识到出了一些事情，选C。10When Dawn got closer to the garage, she _Anoticed the dog had gone away Bknew Dannys hunch was wrongCfound an old lady waving for help Dfelt something must have been stolenC解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Sure enough, as she got closer to the apartment building

30、she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help.”可知当Dawn更靠近车库时，她看到一个老妇人挥手寻求帮助，选C。11Which of the following can best describe Danny?ABrave and patient. BFriendly and honest.CConsiderate and optimistic. DPersistent and warmhearted.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“A tenyearold from Howell, Mic

31、higan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor.”和最后一段的“The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms. St. Onge, while they waited for the ambulance(救护车) to arrive.”可推断出Danny是一个坚持而又热心的孩子，选D。12What could be the best title for th

32、e text?AAlways Follow Your HunchBBe Ready to Help Save the ElderlyCUnknown Hero Brings Love and HopeD10yearold Saves Elderly Neighbors LifeD解析：标题归纳题。根据全文的主题句“A tenyearold from Howell, Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor

33、.”可知这篇文章主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持，救了一位上了年纪的邻居的事，选D。 七选五Top 3 SelfDiscipline TechniquesSelfdiscipline is the key to leading a healthier, happier and more successful life. 1._. We have shared some selfdiscipline techniques below. Follow these selfdiscipline techniques to start living a better life.Start smal

34、lThe journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step as the proverb goes. 2._. Instead, stamina(耐力) is built up by doing a little more than the previous days target.The same goes for discipline. Start by trying to carry out selfdiscipline techniques little by little every day for big results.

35、Increase your goals over time.3._Staying selfdisciplined requires motivation. It can be hard to stay motivated if you feel like you havent made any progress so far. Tracking progress makes you aware of how much youve done and encourages you to keep going.Exercise your willpower4_. Some days, stickin

36、g to the task is going to be difficult but by reminding yourself of the end in mind and how much the goal means to you, you will be able to ignore temporary temptations for long term gain.The abovementioned selfdiscipline techniques have been proven to be extremely effective.5._ and it is the key to

37、 living a happy and fulfilling life.ABuild a support systemBMeasure your goalsCWillpower and selfdiscipline go hand in handDSelfdiscipline is a feature found in many successful peopleESelfdiscipline is linked to effective time managementFHowever, it is easier said than doneGYou dont train for a mara

38、thon by running 10 kilometers on the first day【解题导语】什么是自律？自律就是自己约束自己，自律是过上更健康、更快乐、更成功的生活的关键。本文提供了一些做到自律的技巧。1F解析：根据空格前：自律是过上更健康、更快乐的、更成功的生活的关键。以及空格后的：我们提供一些自律的技巧。可以得知过渡句是表示转折：然而说比做容易。故选F。2G解析：根据空格前：千里之行始于足下。以及标题从小做起，可以得知下面要举例：你不能在第一天就训练十公里马拉松。故选G。3B解析：根据空格位置可以得知这里考查小标题，要简洁有总结性。下文“Tracking progress ma

39、kes you aware of how much youve done and encourages you to keep going.”记录自己取得的进步可以让你明白你走的有多远，同时给自己坚持下去的勇气。“测量你的目标”符合语境，故选B。4C解析：根据空格前的小标题：锻炼你的意志。可以得知衔接处应该用意志力和自律是相辅相成的。故选C。5D解析：最后一段总结自律的优点：自律在很多成功人士身上是一个特征，自律是过上幸福充实生活的关键。故选D。B卷 阅读理解When you start a new job, you must make sure you are a good match fo

40、r the job. No matter what your experience is, any new job can be overwhelming when you begin. If you are coming back to work after a time of unemployment, it will take some time to get used to the change and adjustment. The points below will help you to be successful in your job.Be prepared to impro

41、ve (sometimes from your mistake)Admit and learn from mistakes and accept suggestions for improvement. This can require some courage and strength, but it will make your working life a whole lot easier!Set goalsHaving daily and longterm goals helps you to achieve. If you have used goalsetting while lo

42、oking for work, dont stop. Put it in practice again while at work. Make it also your goal to work well with others and to maintain a good relationship with your boss and coworkers.Take responsibilityDo it nowdont put things off. Dont blame others when things go wrong. Be prompt (迅速的) in getting work

43、 finished, as this will make you feel good and it makes an employer happy too!Overcome your problems and hurts (there are no gains without pains)Accept problems and hurts as part of life. The world will not end just because there are some problems that are coming up. Take problems as a challenge, wh

44、ich will be your teacher to learn new skills from. Ask questions or research answers if youre not sure so as not to proceed in error.Befriend good men and womenSurround yourself with people that will give you good support and advice. My best friend is the one who brings out the best in me. Be sensit

45、ive to others and do not gossip(散布谣言)Do more than expectedGo for excellence! Work hardgo the extra mile. It is a good investment and you will see a return. Volunteer for committees or projects to become noticed and recognized.【解题导语】本文作者给新入职或再次就业的人员提出了一些建议，以便他们更好地适应新的工作环境。1Who is this text intended f

46、or?ASchool teachers.BUniversity students.CPeople who want to be promoted.DPeople who start a new job after unemployment.D解析：推理判断题。通读全文，我们可以看出，本文主要讲述的是如何在我们的工作中取得成功。由此可以推测，这篇文章是为新入职的员工写的。2What is the writers purpose in writing this passage?ATo give some advice on how to be successful in jobs.BTo expl

47、ain what to do in a new company.CTo show the readers how to get on well with others.DTo advise the readers to stand out in jobs.A解析：写作意图题。本文的主题句为首段最后一句话。由该句子可以看出，作者写作本文的目的就是要给读者一些如何做好工作的建议。3Which of the following is NOT included in the tips?AGetting prepared to improve.BMaking good friends.CBeing re

48、sponsible.DWorking by yourself.D解析：细节理解题。通读全文我们可以看出，本文中没提及独立工作这一点。4In this text the author advises us to_Ado parttime jobs as a volunteerBstop making mistakes in workCtreat our problems as challengesDsettle all problems by ourselvesC解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的第三句，作者建议我们要把我们的问题当作是自己所面临的挑战。 完形填空My daughter perfor

49、med on behalf of her class in the annual school concert today. She played so _1_ that I could not help cheering her. The very _2_ reminded me of her experiences of piano practicing.When she was five, we gave her a piano as a birthday present. With great_3_，she began learning it. However, when she wa

50、s no longer _4_， she became sick of it._5_，it is a tough job to learn the piano, not to mention the daily routine(常规) of _6_When her first teacher left, my friend _7_ me to an American teacher whose way of teaching was completely American. After practicing, she would give my daughter some_8_ comment

51、s, and then point out what should be _9_Every time she came，_10_ beginning the lesson right away, she would first play some _11_She said, “To learn the piano, you should learn not only the _12_ of playing, but more importantly, to _13_ the music and love it.”After some time, my daughter became fond

52、of her lessons. Sometimes she _14_ would like to_15_ a little bit when her skill had reached a certain level.Surprisingly, my daughter said to me one day, “Mom, I was _16_ that you didnt give up my piano lessons. Learning it is like climbing a mountain. Youll feel _17_ when you are on the way. When

53、you look _18_ from the top, you will realize that you have been making_19_But if you _20_，youll never take one more step.” That was the very thing I wanted to teach her.【解题导语】你知道吗，学钢琴就像爬山：当你在爬的过程中时会感觉很累。当你往下看的时候，你就会感觉到你在进步。但是当你停下来不走了的时候你永远都不会再向前多走一步。这是“我”学钢琴的女儿的感悟。1A.regularly Bsmoothly Ccarefully D

54、happilyB解析：A.regularly有规律地；B.smoothly顺利地；C.carefully仔细地；Dhappily幸福地。后文提到I could not help cheering her “我禁不住为她喝彩”，所以女儿的表演很顺利(smoothly)。故选B。2A.music Bscene Carrangement DpraiseB解析：A.music音乐；B.scene场面；C.arrangement安排；D.praise表扬。根据句意：这一幕(scene)使我想起了她练习钢琴的经历。故选B。3A.excitement Bpressure Cregret Dunwilling

55、nessA解析：A.excitement兴奋；B.pressure压力；C.regret后悔；D.unwillingness不情愿。刚买了钢琴，女儿很兴奋(excitement)，她就开始学起来。故选A。4A.young Bfree Ccurious DenthusiasticC解析：A.young年轻的；B.free自由的；C.curious好奇的；D.enthusiastic热情的。后文有“she became sick of it”，说明女儿厌倦了练琴。所以这句是说，当她对钢琴不再好奇(curious)的时候，她就厌倦了。故选C。5A.After all BAbove all CIn a

56、ll DFirst of allA解析：A.After all毕竟；B.Above all综上所述；C.In all总共；D.First of all首先。毕竟(After all)，学钢琴是件苦差事。故选A。6A.cost Bpractice Ceducation DshowB解析：A.cost花费；B.practice 练习；C.education教育；D.show展示。根据句意更别提日常的钢琴练习(practice)了。故选B。7A.led Bsent Cdirected DintroducedD解析：A.led领着；B.sent送；C.directed指导；D.introduced介绍

57、。当她的第一个老师走了的时候，我的朋友向我介绍(introduce)了一位美国老师。故选D。8A.usual Binteresting Cgood DhumorousC解析：A.usual寻常的；B.interesting有趣的；C.good好的；D.humorous幽默的。练完之后她会给我女儿一些好的(good)评论。故选C。9A.explained Bchanged Cstopped DimprovedD解析：A.explained解释；B.changed改变；C.stopped停止；D.improved提高。之后再指出有待提高(improved)的地方。故选D。10A.as with B

58、instead of Cexcept for Dthanks toB解析：A.as with对于；B.instead of而不是；C.except for除了；D.thanks to幸亏。每次老师来先是自己演奏音乐，而不是(instead of)立马授课。故选B。11A.music Bjokes Cgames DsportsA解析：A.music 音乐；B.jokes玩笑；C.games游戏；D.sports运动。老师来到之后就先演奏一曲(play some music)。故选A。12A.levels Bskills Ctraining DsecretsB解析：A.levels水平；Bskil

59、ls技能；C.training训练；D.secrets秘密。不仅要学习弹奏技巧(skills)。故选B。13A.create Bfollow Cfeel DreadC解析：A.create创造；B.follow跟随；C.feel感觉；D.read阅读。更重要的是，要感受(feel)音乐，爱上音乐。故选C。14A.once Bthen Cstill DevenD解析：A.once一旦；B.then然后；C.still仍然；D.even甚至。有时候她甚至(even)会炫耀一段。故选D。15A.make up Blook back Cshow off Dgive awayC解析：A.make up组

60、成；B.look back回顾；C.show off炫耀；D.give away捐赠。有时候她甚至会炫耀(show off)一段。故选C。16A.nervous Blucky Cafraid DastonishedB解析：A.nervous紧张的；B.lucky幸运的；C.afraid害怕的；D.astonished兴奋的。我很幸运(lucky)你没有放弃我的钢琴课。故选B。17A.tired Beasy Cembarrassed DexcitedA解析：A.tired 疲劳的；B.easy 简单的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.excited兴奋的。当你在路上的时候会感觉到累(tir

61、ed)。故选A。18A.ahead Bup Cdown DoverC解析：A.ahead向前；B.up向上；C.down向下；D.over表面。当从你站的地方往下(down)看的时候，你就会意识到你一直在进步。故选C。19A.mistakes Bchoices Cprogress DtimeC解析：A.mistakes错误；B.choices选择；C.progress进步；D.time时间。当从你站的地方往下看的时候，你就会意识到你一直在进步(progress)。故选C。20A.stop Bcontinue Cdo DmoveA解析：A.stop停下来；B.continue继续；C.do做；D

62、.move移动。但是如果你停下来(stop)，你就再也不想向前走了。故选A。 语法填空When I was 8 years old, my best friend gave me a copy of this book and told me that I might find it interesting. He could not have been more right, for I 1._(absorb) in the book immediately and I finished it in a matter of three days. To me 2._ was a miracl

63、e(奇迹) to finish a book so 3._(quick) at that age! I found that the book was 4._ great benefit and entertaining at the same time. The author, Mr. Dale Carnegie, didnt introduce a principle or an idea without 5._(support) it with at least one real life story where the principle 6._(introduce) was prov

64、ed helpful. After that point I noticed a great, almost immediate effect on my 7._(behave) as I was growing up. I noticed that I was getting along better with my parents and teachers，8._(much) popular at school, and I even began to understand people much better 9._ before. I grew up believing that th

65、is book was one of the 10._(great) factors involved in shaping my character.【解题导语】有一本书对作者影响很大，作者认为这本书是塑造自己性格最主要的因素之一。1was absorbed解析： 考查谓语动词时态、语态。absorb与句子主语I为被动关系。be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于；文章为一般过去时，故填was absorbed。2it解析： 考查代词。it在此处为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to finish a book .，故填it。3quickly解析： 考查副词。所填词修饰动词f

66、inish，因此需要用副词，故填quickly。4of解析： 考查介词。此处为“of抽象名词”相当于形容词的用法，of great benefit 表示“非常有益”，故填of。5supporting解析： 考查非谓语动词。介词without后接动名词作宾语，故填supporting。6introduced解析： 考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语，principle与introduce之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式，故填introduced。7behavior解析： 考查名词。my是形容词性物主代词，只能用来修饰名词，因此应该将behave变为名词，故填behavior。8more解析： 考查比较级。根据上下文提示，此处popular应用比较级形式，故填more。9than解析： 考查连词。空格前有提示词better，than before表示“比以前更”，故填than。10greatest解析： 考查形容词。one of之后名词用形容词最高级修饰，表示“最之一”，故填greatest。